Mismatch and Labour Mobility

Cover......Page 1
Frontmatter......Page 2
Contents......Page 10
List of figures......Page 15
List of tables......Page 19
Preface......Page 24
Acknowledgements......Page 25
List of conference participants......Page 27
1 Foreword and summary......Page 30
2 Short-run and long-run sectoral shocks......Page 35
3 Equilibrium and disequilibrium unemployment......Page 36
4 Equilibrium unemployment and maximum aggregate hirings......Page 40
5 Equilibrium unemployment and the minimum NAIRU......Page 42
6 A more eclectic approach to mismatch......Page 46
7 Empirical evidence on industrial mismatch in Europe......Page 49
8 Is unemployment in Europe really high and persistent?......Page 62
2 - Mismatch: a framework for thought......Page 73
1 The structure of unemployment: some facts......Page 74
2 How the structure of unemployment is determined......Page 90
3 How mismatch is related to the NAIRU......Page 96
4 Evidence on sectoral wage behaviour and on mobility......Page 103
5 Policy implications......Page 110
6 Mismatch and the unemployment/vacancy relationship......Page 116
7 Conclusions......Page 122
Appendix: Mismatch and substitution between types of labour......Page 124
Discussion......Page 130
1 Introduction......Page 134
2 u/v analysis......Page 135
3 Lessons from a rationing model......Page 140
4 An examination of possible causes......Page 146
5 The SURE and the Beveridge curve reconsidered......Page 157
6 Concluding remarks......Page 159
Discussion......Page 164
1 Analytical structure......Page 165
2 Causes of mismatch......Page 166
3 Concluding remarks......Page 167
1 Introduction......Page 169
2 Some stylised facts......Page 171
3 The dispersion of local unemployment rates......Page 174
4 The distribution of vacancies......Page 182
5 Mismatch and the macro u/v curve......Page 195
6 Conclusions......Page 200
Appendix......Page 201
Data Appendix......Page 202
Discussion......Page 208
1 Introduction......Page 211
2 Stylised facts of Spanish unemployment and mismatch indices......Page 214
3 Analysis of migration flows......Page 224
4 Conclusions......Page 254
Appendix 2: Sources and definitions......Page 256
Appendix 3: Migration and wage equations......Page 258
Discussion......Page 261
6 - Regional inequalities, migration and mismatch in Italy, 1960--86......Page 264
1 Introduction......Page 265
2 Regional imbalances: some basic facts......Page 270
3 Reservation and net real wages; productivity and unit labour costs......Page 280
4 The aggregate unemployment level and other factors limiting migration flows......Page 294
5 Interregional migration rates......Page 297
6 Migration rates and individual characteristics......Page 312
7 Conclusions......Page 326
Data Appendix......Page 327
Discussion......Page 346
1 Some broad facts about the structure of British unemployment......Page 350
2 Some preliminary evidence on skill mismatch......Page 353
3 An unemployment model with skill differentiation......Page 358
4 Econometric evidence......Page 365
5 Summary and some policy considerations......Page 374
Data Appendix......Page 376
1 Main points of the study......Page 379
2 The basic model......Page 380
3 Econometric evidence......Page 381
4 Microeconomic evidence on job search behaviour would help......Page 382
6 The term `mismatch'......Page 383
8 - Labour market tightness and the mismatch between demand and supply of less-educated young men in the United States in the 1980s......Page 385
1 Earnings and unemployment......Page 387
2 Migration and area unemployment--wage locus......Page 389
3 Changes in labour utilisation by education, 1970s--1980s......Page 390
4 The effect of area unemployment......Page 393
5 Employment of recent male school leavers......Page 396
6 Area unemployment and earnings......Page 400
7 Conclusion......Page 403
Appendix......Page 404
Discussion......Page 407
1 Introduction......Page 411
2 Mismatch, effectiveness of ET systems and equilibrium unemployment in a simple Layard--Nickell open economy framework......Page 413
3 Comparative education and training systems......Page 417
4 Conclusions: problems of mismatch in GJS......Page 422
Discussion......Page 425
2 A screening interpretation......Page 426
3 Cooperative vs. non-cooperative institutions......Page 428
4 Conclusion......Page 429
1 Introduction......Page 430
2 Background......Page 432
3 Macroevidence on matching......Page 441
4 Microevidence on labour market transitions......Page 447
5 Concluding remarks......Page 462
Appendix: Data description and some additional estimates......Page 463
Discussion......Page 474
1 Introduction......Page 478
2 Mismatch as a suspect in the case of the rising unemployment rate......Page 481
3 Measurement issues......Page 485
4 What have we learned about trends in mismatch?......Page 492
5 Mobility and labour market adjustment......Page 497
6 Conclusions......Page 501
1 Introduction......Page 504
2 Short-run mismatch and turbulence......Page 505
3 Long-run mismatch or dispersion......Page 506
4 Summary and conclusions......Page 507
Index......Page 509