Minimum Design Loads and Associated Criteria for Buildings and Other Structures

ASCE STANDARDS
......Page 4
Tips for Using This Standard
......Page 5
BRIEF CONTENTS
......Page 6
CONTENTS
......Page 10
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
......Page 48
1.2.1 Definitions.......Page 56
1.3.1.3 Performance-Based Procedures.......Page 57
1.4 General Structural Integrity......Page 58
1.5.1 Risk Categorization.......Page 59
1.8 Consensus Standards and Other Referenced Documents......Page 60
C12.1.5 Foundation Design.......Page 62
C10.1.3 Exclusions.......Page 200
17.2.2 Configuration.......Page 176
2.4.3 Load Combinations Including Atmospheric Ice Loads.......Page 63
C12.2.1.2 Elements of Seismic Force-Resisting Systems.......Page 602
C14.2.2.1 Definitions.......Page 675
C15.3.1 Less Than 25% Combined Weight Condition.......Page 219
C15.4.8 Site-Specific Response Spectra.......Page 204
C12.2.5.4 Increased Structural Height Limit for Steel Eccentrically Braced Frames, Steel Special Concentrically Braced Frames, Steel Buckling-Restrained Braced Frames, Steel Special Plate Shear Walls, and Special Reinforced Concrete Shear Walls.......Page 220
2.7 Consensus Standards and Other Referenced Documents......Page 64
CC.2.2 Drift of Walls and Frames.......Page 66
C6.6.1 Maximum Inundation Depth and Flow Velocities Based on Runup.......Page 67
6.5.2 Tsunami Risk Category IV Buildings and Other Structures.......Page 68
C16.1.1 Scope.......Page 132
C27.5.2 Parapets.......Page 824
C30.12.4 Roofs of Isolated Circular Bins, Silos, and Tanks.......Page 843
28.3.3 Roof Overhangs.......Page 71
C15.5.5 Structural Towers for Tanks and Vessels.......Page 72
C15.5.3.2 Steel Cantilevered Storage Racks.......Page 693
4.14 Seating for Assembly Uses......Page 73
4.18 Consensus Standards and Other Referenced Documents......Page 74
C14.1.3 Cold-Formed Steel......Page 76
C16.2.4 Application of Ground Motions to the Structural Model.......Page 190
C17.2.5.4 Steel Ordinary Concentrically Braced Frames.......Page 731
15.3.1 Less Than 25% Combined Weight Condition.......Page 125
C29.5 Parapets......Page 833
C30.12.2 External Walls of Isolated Circular Bins, Silos, and Tanks.......Page 603
C13.2.5 Testing Alternative for Seismic Capacity Determination.......Page 78
6.2 Definitions......Page 80
C26.1.1 Scope......Page 786
6.3 Symbols and Notation......Page 84
6.5.1 Tsunami Risk Category II and III Buildings and Other Structures.......Page 85
C7.3.3 Importance Factor, Is.......Page 495
C21.4 Design Acceleration Parameters......Page 768
6.6.2 Energy Grade Line Analysis of Maximum Inundation Depths and Flow Velocities.......Page 86
20.5 Consensus Standards and Other Referenced Documents......Page 259
6.7.1 Tsunami Waveform.......Page 87
C30.12.6 Roofs and Walls of Grouped Circular Bins, Silos, and Tanks.......Page 521
C15.4.9 Anchors in Concrete or Masonry.......Page 370
C17.2.8.4 Property Modification Factors.......Page 90
30.5.1 Conditions.......Page 205
C17.2.8.3 Bounding Properties of Isolation System Components.......Page 191
16.4.1.2 Story Drift.......Page 91
C26.14.4 Minimizing Building Damage......Page 814
C6.8 Structural Design Procedures for Tsunami Effects......Page 522
C12.3.1.2 Rigid Diaphragm Condition.......Page 192
6.8.3.3 Load Combinations.......Page 93
C14.2.4.4.7 Response Properties.......Page 681
C15.7.6.1 General.......Page 699
6.8.3.5.2 Alternative Performance-Based Criteria......Page 94
6.8.6.1 Flow Direction.......Page 95
C6.8.9 Seismic Effects on the Foundations Preceding Local Subduction Zone Maximum Considered Tsunami.......Page 527
6.9.2 Unbalanced Lateral Hydrostatic Force.......Page 96
6.10.2.3 Tsunami Loads on Vertical Structural Components, Fw.......Page 97
6.10.3.3.5 Reduction in Load for Tsunami Breakaway Wall.......Page 98
6.11.3 Impact by Vehicles.......Page 99
6.11.6 Shipping Containers.......Page 100
6.12.2 Load and Effect Characterization.......Page 101
6.12.2.4.2 Plunging Scour.......Page 102
6.12.4.4 Facing Systems.......Page 103
6.14.5 Peer Review.......Page 104
6.17 Consensus Standards and Other Referenced Documents......Page 105
C31.4.2 Limitations on Wind Speeds.......Page 106
C10.4.2 Nominal Ice Thickness.......Page 107
C14.1.2.2.1 Seismic Design Categories B and C.......Page 674
7.5.1 Continuous Beam Systems.......Page 109
C5.4.5 Impact Loads.......Page 496
C17.2.5.5 Isolation System Connections.......Page 552
7.6.1 Unbalanced Snow Loads for Hip and Gable Roofs.......Page 112
7.7.2 Adjacent Structures.......Page 114
7.7.3 Intersecting Drifts at Low Roofs.......Page 115
7.9 Sliding Snow......Page 116
7.12 Existing Roofs......Page 117
7.13.2 Snow at Levels below the Top Level.......Page 118
7.14 Consensus Standards and other Referenced Documents......Page 119
27.1.1 Building Types.......Page 120
C14.1.1 Reference Documents.......Page 252
Chapter 9: RESERVED FOR FUTURE PROVISIONS
......Page 122
C20.3.1 Site Class F.......Page 124
C4.3.1 Required Live Loads.......Page 488
C2.3.6 Basic Combinations with Seismic Load Effects.......Page 457
29.4.2.2 Roofs of Isolated Circular Bins, Silos, and Tanks.......Page 126
18.2.4.6 Damping System Redundancy.......Page 240
C12.2.5.5 Special Moment Frames in Structures Assigned to Seismic Design Categories D through F.......Page 321
11.3 Symbols......Page 136
11.4.1 Near-Fault Sites.......Page 138
11.4.6 Design Response Spectrum.......Page 139
C15.4.4 Fundamental Period.......Page 304
C16.4.1 Global Acceptance Criteria......Page 140
11.8.1 Site Limitation for Seismic Design Categories E and F.......Page 141
C16.4.2.2 Deformation-Controlled Actions.......Page 725
C18.7.4.5 Seismic Load Conditions and Combination of Modal Responses......Page 142
C4.5.1 Handrail and Guardrail Systems.......Page 144
C15.1.2 Design.......Page 686
C16.2.3 Ground Motion Modification.......Page 715
E.6.3 Load Combinations.......Page 148
17.2.5.2 Minimum Building Separations.......Page 149
C17.3.1 Site-Specific Seismic Hazard.......Page 604
15.4.10 Requirements for Nonbuilding Structure Foundations on Liquefiable Sites.......Page 150
26.10.1 Velocity Pressure Exposure Coefficient.......Page 323
17.2.8.5 Upper Bound and Lower Bound Force-Deflection Behavior of Isolation System Components.......Page 151
C13.5 Architectural Components......Page 660
12.3.3.3 Elements Supporting Discontinuous Walls or Frames......Page 152
17.5.3 Minimum Lateral Displacements Required for Design......Page 227
12.4.2 Seismic Load Effect......Page 153
C12.5.1 Direction of Loading Criteria.......Page 154
C15.7.7.1 Welded Steel.......Page 195
12.7.2 Effective Seismic Weight......Page 155
C6.10.2.3 Tsunami-Loads-on-Vertical-Structural-Components, Fw.......Page 529
12.8.1.3 Maximum SDS Value in Determination of Cs and Ev......Page 156
C6.10.3.3 Tsunami Bore Flow Entrapped in Structural Wall-Slab Recesses......Page 247
18.7.3.2 Effective Damping.......Page 248
12.8.4 Horizontal Distribution of Forces......Page 157
15.7.6.1.4 Internal Elements.......Page 158
C12.8.6.2 Period for Computing Drift.......Page 232
14.4.5 Modifications to Chapter 9 of TMS 402......Page 159
17.8.2.5 Maximum and Minimum Vertical Load.......Page 188
12.9.2.5.3 Determination of Combined Force Response.......Page 160
15.7.11.3 Attachments of Internal Equipment and Refractory.......Page 214
12.10.2.1 Collector Elements Requiring Load Combinations Including Overstrength for Seismic Design Categories C through F......Page 161
12.10.3.2.1 Design Acceleration Coefficients Cp0, Cpi, and Cpn.......Page 162
12.11.2.1 Wall Anchorage Forces......Page 163
12.12.3 Structural Separation......Page 164
12.13.5.1.1 Soil Strength Parameters.......Page 165
12.13.8.2 Foundation Ties......Page 166
12.13.9.2 Shallow Foundations......Page 167
12.13.9.3.4 Lateral Spreading......Page 168
12.14.1.4 Notation......Page 169
12.14.3.2.1 Horizontal Seismic Load Effect with a 2.5 Overstrength......Page 171
12.14.7.1 Connections......Page 172
12.14.8.1 Seismic Base Shear......Page 173
12.15 Consensus Standards and Other Referenced Documents......Page 174
C15.1.4 Nonbuilding Structures Sensitive to Vertical Ground Motions.......Page 218
29.4.2.3 Undersides of Isolated Elevated Circular Bins, Silos, and Tanks.......Page 177
C7.6.1 Unbalanced Snow Loads for Hip and Gable Roofs.......Page 551
C16.3.4 Torsion.......Page 718
13.3.1.4.1 Floor Response Spectra.......Page 178
C4.11.1 General.......Page 492
C16.4.1.2 Story Drift.......Page 721
18.4.2 Damping System.......Page 179
C13.5.6.2.2 Seismic Design Categories D through F.......Page 180
C17.5.3.2 Effective Period at the Maximum Displacement.......Page 242
C15.7.3 Strength and Ductility.......Page 193
C17.8.2.5 Maximum and Minimum Vertical Load.......Page 181
13.5.7.1 General.......Page 182
17.5.4.1 Isolation System and Structural Elements below the Base Level.......Page 228
15.6.3 Amusement Structures.......Page 183
C13.6.4.3 Support Attachment to Component.......Page 668
13.6.1 General.......Page 184
13.6.4.3 Support Attachment to Component.......Page 185
14.2.4.4.8 Test Report.......Page 196
13.6.5 Distribution Systems: Conduit, Cable Tray, and Raceways.......Page 186
13.6.7.3 Exceptions.......Page 187
14.6 Consensus Standards and Other Referenced Documents......Page 198
13.7 Consensus Standards and Other Referenced Documents......Page 189
CE.5.1 Fuel Load.......Page 730
C14.1.2.2.2 Seismic Design Categories D through F.......Page 201
C29.4.2.3 Undersides of Isolated Elevated Circular Bins, Silos, and Tanks.......Page 751
C12.3.3.3 Elements Supporting Discontinuous Walls or Frames.......Page 607
14.2.4.3 Diaphragm Connector or Joint Reinforcement Deformability.......Page 194
C15.7.6.1.1 Distribution of Hydrodynamic and Inertia Forces.......Page 665
C15.7.6.1.5 Sliding Resistance.......Page 700
C13.6.4 Component Supports.......Page 528
C15.7.8.1 Welded Steel.......Page 701
C6.10.3.3.1 Pressure Load in Structural Wall-Slab Recesses......Page 530
14.4.4.1.2 Splices in Reinforcement.......Page 197
C6.10.3.3.5 Reduction in Load for Tsunami Breakaway Wall......Page 531
C6.12.4.3 Geotextiles and Reinforced Earth Systems.......Page 538
C13.1.4 Exemptions.......Page 650
C18.3.2 Accidental Mass Eccentricity......Page 752
C30.12.3 Internal Surface of Exterior Walls of Isolated Open-Topped Circular Bins, Silos, and Tanks.......Page 382
C15.6.2 Chimneys and Stacks......Page 225
26.12.3 Protection of Glazed Openings.......Page 206
30.14 Consensus Standards and Other Referenced Documents......Page 440
C12.4.2.1 Horizontal Seismic Load Effect.......Page 207
C13.6.2 Mechanical Components and C13.6.3 Electrical Components.......Page 667
C12.8.1.2 Soil-Structure Interaction Reduction.......Page 208
C15.7.10.1 General.......Page 702
15.7.4 Flexibility of Piping Attachments.......Page 209
15.7.6.1 General.......Page 210
15.7.6.1.2 Sloshing.......Page 211
15.7.6.1.9 Repair, Alteration, or Reconstruction.......Page 212
15.7.9.7 Prestressed Concrete Structures.......Page 213
15.7.13.1 General.......Page 215
C12.12.3 Structural Separation.......Page 216
C12.2.1 Selection and Limitations.......Page 254
18.4.3 Combination of Load Effects.......Page 241
30.6.1.3 Roof Overhangs.......Page 419
17.2.7.1 Isolator Unit Vertical Load Combinations.......Page 221
C12.3.1 Diaphragm Flexibility.......Page 605
17.1.2 Symbols.......Page 222
C30.6.1 Wind Load: Components and Cladding.......Page 223
D.6.1 Case A-Class 1 and Class 2 Buildings.......Page 452
C6.7.1 Tsunami Waveform.......Page 520
17.2.6.1 Components at or above the Isolation Interface.......Page 224
C4.8.2 Ordinary Roofs, Awnings, and Canopies.......Page 339
C26.14.6 Trussed Communications Towers......Page 819
C6.8.2 Performance of Tsunami Risk Category III Critical Facilities and Tsunami Risk Category IV Buildings and Other Structures.......Page 523
18.6.1.5.2 Velocity-Dependent Damping Devices.......Page 226
C14.3.4 Metal-Cased Concrete Piles.......Page 682
18.7.2 Equivalent Lateral Force Procedure.......Page 229
C6.10.3.2 Hydrodynamic Surge Uplift at Horizontal Slabs......Page 230
C13.6.12 Rooftop Solar Panels.......Page 671
17.8.2.2 Sequence and Cycles.......Page 231
17.8.5 Production Tests.......Page 233
17.9 Consensus Standards and Other Referenced Documents......Page 234
29.1.1 Structure Types.......Page 236
C15.1.3 Structural Analysis Procedure Selection.......Page 260
18.2.1.1 Seismic Force-Resisting System.......Page 238
 Part 2: Enclosed Simple Diaphragm Low-Rise Buildings......Page 828
C6.6.4 Tsunami Bores.......Page 239
C13.2.4 Flexibility.......Page 653
21.6 Consensus Standards and Other Referenced Documents......Page 262
C15.6.5 Secondary Containment Systems.......Page 695
18.6.1.5 Device Adequacy.......Page 243
C13.5.6.1 Seismic Forces.......Page 244
C12.3.4.2 Redundancy Factor, ρ, for Seismic Design Categories D through F.......Page 609
C6.8.10 Physical Modeling of Tsunami Flow, Loads, and Effects.......Page 245
18.7.2.2.3 Fundamental Mode Properties.......Page 246
C12.8.5 Overturning.......Page 249
C6.11.8 Alternative Methods of Response Analysis.......Page 534
C6.12.1 Resistance Factors for Foundation Stability Analyses.......Page 250
C12.9.1.4.2 Scaling of Drifts.......Page 623
18.8 Consensus Standards and Other Referenced Documents......Page 251
C12.1.1 Basic Requirements.......Page 598
20.3.5 Shear Wave Velocity for Site Class A.......Page 253
C14.1.8 Additional Detailing Requirements for Steel Piles in Seismic Design Categories D through F.......Page 256
19.5 Consensus Standards and Other Referenced Documents......Page 257
28.1.3 Limitations.......Page 258
21.5 Maximum Considered Earthquake Geometric Mean (MCEG) Peak Ground Acceleration......Page 261
Chapter 22: SEISMIC GROUND MOTION, LONG-PERIOD TRANSITION, AND RISK COEFFICIENT MAPS
......Page 264
22.1 Consensus Standards and Other Referenced Documents......Page 291
23.1 Consensus Standards and Other Reference Documents......Page 292
Chapter 24: RESERVED FOR FUTURE PROVISIONS......Page 296
Chapter 25: RESERVED FOR FUTURE PROVISIONS
......Page 298
CC.2.1 Vertical Deflections.......Page 300
26.3 Symbols
......Page 302
C18.6.2 Production Tests......Page 753
C15.6.2.3 Steel Chimneys and Stacks.......Page 324
26.12.3.1 Wind-Borne Debris Regions.......Page 325
26.15 Consensus Standards and Other Referenced Documents......Page 326
C18.2.1 System Requirements......Page 328
C12.2 Structural System Selection......Page 601
C5.4.4.2 Breaking Wave Loads on Vertical Walls.......Page 329
28.3.5 Horizontal Wind Loads on Open or Partially Enclosed Buildings with Transverse Frames and Pitched Roofs.......Page 369
C26.14.1 Tornado Wind Speeds and Probabilities......Page 722
27.6 Consensus Standards and Other Referenced Documents......Page 340
C21.2.1.1 Method 1.......Page 366
C31.6.1.2 Peer Review Requirements for Wind Tunnel Tests of Roof-Mounted Solar Collectors.......Page 831
CE.5.3 Heat Transfer Analysis.......Page 388
C16.2.3.2 Amplitude Scaling.......Page 453
C29.4.1 Rooftop Structures and Equipment for Buildings.......Page 376
C26.4.3 Wind Pressures Acting on Opposite Faces of Each Building Surface......Page 377
29.5 Parapets......Page 386
29.8 Consensus Standards and Other Referenced Documents......Page 387
C16.2.1 Target Response Spectrum.......Page 713
C10.5.5 Wind on Ice-Covered Guys and Cables.......Page 576
C16.3.5 Damping.......Page 389
30.5.2 Design Wind Pressures.......Page 405
30.8 PARAPETS......Page 430
C17.5.5 Vertical Distribution of Force.......Page 739
30.11 ATTACHED CANOPIES ON BUILDINGS WITH h≤60 ft (h≤18.3 
m)......Page 435
C6.8.3.5.2 Alternative Performance-Based Criteria......Page 436
30.12.3 Internal Surface of Exterior Walls of Isolated Open-Topped Circular Bins, Silos, and Tanks.......Page 437
31.6 Roof-Mounted Solar Collectors for Roof Slopes Less than 7 Degrees......Page 444
31.7 Consensus Standards and Other Referenced Documents......Page 445
APPENDIX 11A QU
ALITY ASSURANCE PROVISIONS......Page 446
11B.5 Change of Use......Page 448
C16.1.4 Documentation.......Page 450
C30.1.5 Air-Permeable Cladding.......Page 836
E.4.1 Structural Integrity.......Page 456
C4.6 Impact Loads......Page 490
C14.1.4 Cold-Formed Steel Light-Frame Construction......Page 476
C11.1.2 Scope.......Page 460
C1.3.1.3.2 Testing......Page 463
C1.4 General Structural Integrity......Page 465
C1.5.1 Risk Categorization.......Page 467
C1.5.3 Toxic, Highly Toxic, and Explosive Substances.......Page 469
References......Page 470
Other References (Not Cited)......Page 471
C2.3 Load Combinations for Strength Design......Page 472
C21.1.2 Site Condition Modeling.......Page 766
C14.1.2.1 General.......Page 549
C2.3.3 Load Combinations Including Atmospheric Ice Loads.......Page 473
C18.2.4.1 Device Design......Page 750
C2.4.1 Basic Combinations.......Page 475
References......Page 478
C3.2 Soil Loads and Hydrostatic Pressure......Page 480
Reference......Page 486
C16.3.1 Modeling.......Page 717
C4.7.1 General.......Page 491
C6.7.6.9 Tsunami Design Parameters for Flow over Land.......Page 493
C5.2 Definitions......Page 494
References......Page 499
C6.1 General Requirements......Page 502
C6.3 Symbols and Notation......Page 511
C6.4 Tsunami Risk Categories......Page 512
C6.5 Analysis of Design Inundation Depth and Flow Velocity......Page 513
C6.5.3 Sea Level Change.......Page 515
C6.6.2 Energy Grade Line Analysis of Maximum Inundation Depths and Flow Velocities.......Page 516
C6.7 Inundation Depths and Flow Velocities Based on Site-Specific Probabilistic Tsunami Hazard Analysis......Page 517
C17.5.3 Minimum Lateral Displacements Required for Design......Page 659
C17.2.8.5 Upper Bound and Lower Bound Force-Deflection Behavior of Isolation System Components.......Page 676
C13.5.3 Exterior Nonstructural Wall Elements and Connections.......Page 661
C6.8.3.5.1 Acceptability Criteria by Component Design Strength......Page 524
C6.8.5 Flow Velocity Amplification.......Page 525
C6.8.7 Minimum-Closure-Ratio-for-Load-Determination.......Page 526
C12.7.4 Interaction Effects.......Page 614
C6.11.1 Alternative Simplified Debris Impact Static Load.......Page 532
C6.11.5 Site Hazard Assessment for Shipping Containers, Ships, and Barges.......Page 533
C6.12 Foundation Design......Page 535
C6.12.2.2 Loss of Strength.......Page 536
C6.12.2.3 General Erosion.......Page 537
C6.14 Tsunami Vertical Evacuation Refuge Structures......Page 539
References
......Page 540
Other References (Not Cited)
......Page 543
C7.2 Ground Snow Loads, pg......Page 544
C7.3.1 Exposure Factor, Ce.......Page 548
C7.5 Partial Loading......Page 550
C27.5.3 Roof Overhangs.......Page 586
C7.8 Roof Projections and Parapets......Page 553
C7.10 Rain-on-Snow Surcharge Load......Page 555
C7.14 Other Roofs and Sites......Page 556
References
......Page 559
Other References (Not Cited)
......Page 560
C13.1.1 Scope.......Page 562
C8.5 Controlled Drainage......Page 567
References......Page 568
Chapter C9: Reserved for Future Commentary......Page 570
C10.1 General......Page 572
C27.3 Wind Loads: Main Wind Force Resisting System......Page 822
C10.2 Definitions......Page 573
C10.4.1 Ice Weight.......Page 574
References......Page 577
C11.1 General......Page 580
C11.2 Definitions......Page 581
C11.4 Seismic Ground Motion Values......Page 585
C11.4.6 Design Response Spectrum.......Page 587
C11.4.8 Site-Specific Ground Motion Procedures.......Page 588
C11.6 Seismic Design Category......Page 590
C11.8.3 Additional Geotechnical Investigation Report Requirements for Seismic Design Categories D through F.......Page 592
C12.2.5.7 Steel Intermediate Moment Frames.......Page 594
References
......Page 595
Other References (Not Cited)
......Page 596
C19.4.2 Embedment.......Page 762
C12.3.2.2 Vertical Irregularity.......Page 606
C12.4.2 Seismic Load Effect.......Page 610
C12.4.3.2 Capacity-Limited Horizontal Seismic Load Effect.......Page 611
C12.6 Analysis Procedure Selection......Page 612
C12.7.2 Effective Seismic Weight.......Page 613
C12.8.1.3 Maximum SDS Value in Determination of Cs and Ev.......Page 615
C12.8.2.1 Approximate Fundamental Period.......Page 616
C12.8.4.1 Inherent Torsion.......Page 617
C12.8.4.3 Amplification of Accidental Torsional Moment.......Page 618
C12.8.6 Story Drift Determination.......Page 619
C12.8.7 P-Delta Effects.......Page 620
C12.9.1.1 Number of Modes.......Page 622
C12.9.2.2.1 P-Delta Effects.......Page 624
C12.9.2.3.1 Procedure for Spectrum Matching.......Page 625
C12.10.1 Diaphragm Design.......Page 626
C12.10.3 Alternative Design Provisions for Diaphragms, Including Chords and Collectors.......Page 627
C12.10.3.2 Seismic Design Forces for Diaphragms, Including Chords and Collectors.......Page 628
C12.10.3.4 Collectors-Seismic Design Categories C through F.......Page 630
C12.10.3.5 Diaphragm Design Force Reduction Factor.......Page 631
C12.11.2.2.3 Wood Diaphragms.......Page 635
C12.11.2.2.7 Walls with Pilasters.......Page 636
C12.12.4 Members Spanning between Structures.......Page 637
C12.13.3 Foundation Load-Deformation Characteristics.......Page 638
C12.13.5.2 Resistance Factors.......Page 639
C12.13.8.5 Pile Anchorage Requirements.......Page 640
C12.13.9 Requirements for Foundations on Liquefiable Sites.......Page 641
C12.13.9.2 Shallow Foundations.......Page 642
C12.14.1 General.......Page 643
C12.14.8.2 Vertical Distribution.......Page 644
References
......Page 645
Other References (Not Cited)
......Page 646
C13.1 General......Page 648
C13.1.7 Reference Documents.......Page 651
C13.2 General Design Requirements......Page 652
C13.3.1 Seismic Design Force.......Page 655
C13.3.1.4.2 Alternate Floor Response Spectra.......Page 656
C13.3.2.1 Displacements within Structures.......Page 657
C13.3.3 Component Period.......Page 658
C13.5.6 Suspended Ceilings.......Page 662
C13.5.10 Egress Stairs and Ramps.......Page 666
C13.6.7 Distribution Systems: Piping and Tubing Systems.......Page 669
References
......Page 672
Other References (Not Cited)
......Page 673
C14.2.4.1 Diaphragm Seismic Demand Levels.......Page 677
C14.2.4.2 Diaphragm Design Options.......Page 678
C14.2.4.4.1 Test Modules.......Page 680
Other References (Not Cited)
......Page 683
C15.3 Nonbuilding Structures Supported by Other Structures......Page 689
CE.5.2 Structural Design Fires.......Page 690
C15.4.1 Design Basis.......Page 691
C15.4.9.4 ASTM F1554 Anchors.......Page 692
C16.4.2.3 Elements of the Gravity Force-Resisting System.......Page 694
C15.6.8 Ground-Supported Cantilever Walls or Fences.......Page 696
C15.7.2 Design Basis.......Page 697
C15.7.13 Refrigerated Gas Liquid Storage Tanks and Vessels.......Page 703
References
......Page 710
Other References (Not Cited)......Page 711
C16.1 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS......Page 712
C16.2.2 Ground Motion Selection.......Page 714
C26.10.2 Velocity Pressure......Page 719
References
......Page 726
Other References (Not Cited)
......Page 727
C17.1 General......Page 728
C17.2 General Design Requirements......Page 729
References
......Page 876
C17.2.6 Elements of Structures and Nonstructural Components.......Page 732
C17.2.8.2 Isolator Unit Nominal Properties.......Page 733
C17.5 Equivalent Lateral Force Procedure......Page 737
C26.14.2 Wind Pressures Induced by Tornadoes Versus Other Windstorms......Page 813
C17.5.4 Minimum Lateral Forces Required for Design.......Page 738
C17.5.6 Drift Limits.......Page 741
C17.6 Dynamic Analysis Procedures......Page 742
C17.7 Design Review......Page 743
C17.8.2.3 Dynamic Testing.......Page 744
C17.8.3 Determination of Force-Deflection Characteristics.......Page 745
C17.8.5 Production Tests.......Page 746
Other References (Not Cited)
......Page 747
C31.4.3 Wind Directionality.......Page 748
C18.7.1 Response-Spectrum Procedure and C18.7.2 Equivalent Lateral Force Procedure......Page 754
C18.7.4 Seismic Load Conditions and Acceptance Criteria for RSA and ELF Procedures......Page 755
Other References (Not Cited)
......Page 756
C19.1 GENERAL......Page 758
C19.2 SSI Adjusted Structural Demands......Page 759
C19.3 Foundation Damping......Page 760
References......Page 763
C20.3 Site Class Definitions......Page 764
References......Page 765
C21.2.1.2 Method 2.......Page 767
References......Page 769
Other References (Not Cited)......Page 770
Chapter C22: Seismic Ground Motion, Long-Period Transition, and Risk Coefficient Maps......Page 772
 Risk-Targeted Maximum Considered Earthquake (MCER) Ground Motion Maps......Page 777
 Long-Period Transition Maps......Page 778
References......Page 779
Chapter C23: SEISMIC DESIGN REFERENCE DOCUMENTS......Page 780
Chapter C24: Reserved For Future Commentary......Page 782
Chapter C25: Reserved for Future Commentary......Page 784
C26.2 Definitions......Page 787
C26.3 SYMBOLS......Page 788
C26.5.1 Basic Wind Speed......Page 789
C29.4.3 Rooftop Solar Panels for Buildings of All Heights with Flat Roofs or Gable or Hip Roofs with Slopes Less Than 7°.......Page 795
C26.7 Exposure......Page 796
C26.8 Topographic Effects......Page 799
C26.10 Velocity Pressure......Page 803
C26.11 Gust Effects......Page 806
C26.12 Enclosure Classification......Page 810
C26.13 Internal Pressure Coefficients......Page 811
C26.14 Tornado Limitation......Page 812
References
......Page 820
Other References (Not Cited)
......Page 821
CE.5 Thermal Analysis of Fire Effects......Page 872
C27.3.2 Open Buildings with Monoslope, Pitched, or Troughed Free Roofs.......Page 823
C31.6.1.1 Limitations on Wind Loads for Rooftop Solar Collectors.......Page 849
Other References (Not Cited)......Page 825
C28.3.2 Parapets.......Page 826
C30.3.2 Design Wind Pressures.......Page 838
Other References (Not Cited)......Page 829
C29.3.1 Solid Freestanding Walls and Solid Freestanding Signs.......Page 830
References......Page 834
 PART 1: LOW-RISE BUILDINGS......Page 841
C30.6 BUILDING TYPES......Page 842
References
......Page 844
Other References (Not Cited)
......Page 845
Chapter C31: Wind Tunnel Procedure......Page 848
References......Page 850
APPENDIX C11A: QUALITY ASSURANCE PROVISIONS......Page 852
APPENDIX C11B: EXISTING BUILDING PROVISIONS......Page 854
CC.2 Deflection, Vibration, and Drift......Page 856
CC.2.3 Vibrations.......Page 865
Other References (Not Cited)
......Page 866
Appendix CD: Buildings Exempted from Torsional Wind Load Cases......Page 868
CE.2 Definitions......Page 870
CE.4 Performance Objectives......Page 871
CE.6 Structural Analysis of Fire Effects......Page 874
CE.6.2 Temperature-Dependent Properties.......Page 875
INDEX
......Page 878