Middle East and Europe: The Power Deficit

Book Cover......Page 1
Half-Title......Page 2
Title......Page 3
Copyright......Page 4
Contents......Page 5
Contributors......Page 7
Preface......Page 8
Abbreviations......Page 9
The effects of the end of the Cold War on Europe......Page 12
The legacy......Page 14
Cold War......Page 16
The end of the Cold War......Page 18
History of the relationship......Page 19
The post-Cold War transition......Page 20
The post-second Gulf War period......Page 21
Conclusion: power deficit......Page 24
Notes......Page 26
2 Torn between the Atlantic and the Mediterranean......Page 32
Rather the United Nations than the United States......Page 34
Nationalism and humanitarianism......Page 39
Views of Islamism......Page 42
The Japanese model’s attraction......Page 44
The Gulf of all dreams......Page 47
North African headaches......Page 48
Conclusion......Page 50
Notes......Page 51
3 Relations between the Middle East and the West......Page 56
Narth-East Africa......Page 59
The non-Arab Middle East......Page 60
The new agenda......Page 61
Sovereignty and intervention......Page 62
Gulf security......Page 64
The non-Arab Middle East......Page 66
The western Mediterranean......Page 67
The nature of government......Page 70
Economic policies and issues......Page 72
Europe and North Africa......Page 73
Economic liberalization......Page 75
Openness......Page 76
Conditionality......Page 78
The consequences......Page 80
Notes......Page 81
Major world trends: the ‘era of deregulation’......Page 84
The Middle East in the new international environment......Page 86
The view from the United States......Page 87
The new political elite and their outlook......Page 88
The new agenda......Page 89
Mutual interests......Page 91
Divergences......Page 93
The Persian Gulf......Page 94
The Arab-Israeli peace process......Page 98
The Islamic revival......Page 100
 The new economic order......Page 103
Conclusions......Page 105
Notes......Page 107
5 Islam and Europe......Page 114
Islamic politics......Page 117
Islamic threats......Page 121
The perspective from Europe......Page 124
Conclusion......Page 129
Notes......Page 133
Enduring incompatibilities......Page 140
Western Europe in the Khomeini period: 1979–89......Page 142
Policy after Khomeini: the domestic constraints......Page 147
Foreign relations under Rafsanjani: after 1989......Page 152
Conclusion: revolutionary inertia and its costs......Page 156
Notes......Page 157
7 Turkey......Page 162
The view from within......Page 163
Turkey and the Middle East......Page 166
Regional power relations......Page 168
Internal interference......Page 169
Loss of strategic depth......Page 171
Turkey and Europe......Page 172
Diverging security perceptions......Page 174
The return of the Balkans......Page 175
The expansion of Europe......Page 176
Conclusion......Page 177
Notes......Page 178
Fragmented relations......Page 180
Europe’s inertia: desired or ineluctable?......Page 182
Europe and Algeria: from the Cold War to Algeria’s ‘Second War’......Page 184
Limited analysis, limited policy......Page 187
Conclusion: the challenge of precedent......Page 190
Notes......Page 192
9 Middle Eastern trade and financial integration......Page 194
Trade and market size......Page 196
History of economic cooperation in Europe......Page 197
The European Coal and Steel Community......Page 198
The Treaty of Rome......Page 199
Deepening and widening integration......Page 200
Inward direct foreign investment......Page 202
Trade and commercial exchange......Page 203
Transportation infrastructure......Page 204
Exchange rate stability......Page 205
Alternatives for achieving cooperation......Page 207
Middle Eastern economic cooperation......Page 208
Forms of economic integration......Page 209
Extent of coverage of a zone of economic cooperation......Page 211
Priorities for economic cooperation......Page 212
Notes......Page 213
Bibliography......Page 216
Index......Page 230