Methodological Approaches in Integrated Geography (Springer Texts in Social Sciences)

Preface
Contents
Editor and Contributors
	About the Editor
	Contributors
1 The Importance of Methodology in Geography
	Introduction
	Importance of Methodology
	Research Motivation
	The Role and Importance of Research Methodology
	Research Method Selection Criteria
	References
2 Methodology in Rural Geography
	Introduction
	Objectives and Classification of Fieldwork in Rural Geography
		Leaning Type
		Survey and Research Type
		Community Building Type
	Before Doing Fieldwork
		Ensuring Safety and Security!
		Encountering with Local People and Building Human Relations
		Themes and Methods
		Grasping the Outline of the Study Area
	During the Fieldwork
	When the Fieldwork Is Over
	References
3 Portray of Methodologies in Geography: An Inquiry
	Introduction
	What Is Data
	Primary and Secondary Data Sources
	Field Study
	Preparation of Questionnaire
	Sampling Methods
		Advantages and Disadvantages
	Selected Methodologies Adopted for Selected Case Studies
		Case Study I
		Case Study II
	Summary
	References
4 Point Pattern Analysis for Identifying Spatial Clustering Tendency
	Introduction
	Statistical Tests for Spatial Patterns
	Method 1: Nearest Neighbor Analysis (NNA)
	Method 2: Distance-Based Analysis
		G-function
		F-Function
		Ripley’s K-Function
	Critical Issues in Point Pattern Analysis: Edge Effects and Correction Methods
	References
5 Livelihood Changes in Small-Scale Traditional Societies: A Political Ecological Approach
	Introduction
	Background and Objective
	Study Village
	Methodology
		Conducting Multiscale Interviews
		Land Use Analysis
	Research Result
		Land Use Before LFAP Implementation
		Land Use After LFAP Implementation
		Rural Development by an International NGO
		Economic Status After LFAP
		The Growing Influence of Chinese Firms
	Approach to Study on Livelihood Change
		Advantages of the Political Ecological Approach
		Approaching Livelihood Studies from Different Perspectives
	References
6 Methodology of Land Use Priorities and Conflicts Study
	Introduction
	Literature Review
	Research Objective
	The Research Area
	Research Methodology
		Data, Data Collection Methods and Analysis
	Results and Discussion
		Land Use Priorities and Conflicts
	Conflicts
	Conclusion
	References
7 Qualitative and Quantitative Methods as Applied to International Migration
	Introduction and Objectives—A Place for Geographical Methodology
	What Quantitative and Qualitative Methods Are About?
	Examples of Research Using Quantitative and Qualitative Methods
		Development of Human Geography in Taiwan
		Employment Structure of Taiwanese Immigrants in Australia
		Practicing Filial Piety Through Parental Care-Giving Across Border
		Statistical Analysis of Return Migration
		A Qualitative Inquiry on Return Migration of Taiwanese-Chinese from Hong Kong
	Conclusions
	References
8 Focus Group Discussions in Geography
	Introduction
	Qualitative Methods in Geography
	FGDs in Geography
	Objectives
	What Are FGDs and Why Do We Need Them?
	Planning FGDs
	Conducting FGDs
	Analyzing FGDs
	Conclusion
	References
9 Qualitative Research on Environmental Non-governmental Organisations’ Participation in Climate Change Governance
	Introduction
	Background of the Study
	Methods
	Procedures
	Discussion
	Conclusion
	References
10 Research Method in Student-Centered Learning
	Introduction
	Objectives
	Methods, Instruments, and Software
	Procedure/Steps/Method
	Description
	Advantages and Disadvantages
	References