METAMATERIALS Physics and Engineering Explorations

METAMATERIALS......Page p0003.djvu
CONTENTS......Page p0009.djvu
Preface......Page p0017.djvu
Contributors......Page p0021.djvu
PART I DOUBLE-NEGATIVE (DNG) METAMATERIALS......Page p0025.djvu
SECTION I THREE-DIMENSIONAL VOLUMETRIC DNG METAMATERIALS......Page p0027.djvu
1.1 Introduction......Page p0029.djvu
1.2 Wave Parameters in DNG Media......Page p0033.djvu
1.3 FDTD Simulations of DNG Media......Page p0034.djvu
1.4 Causality in DNG Media......Page p0035.djvu
1.5 Scattering from a DNG Slab......Page p0037.djvu
1.6 Backward Waves......Page p0040.djvu
1.7 Negative Refraction......Page p0041.djvu
1.8 Phase Compensation with a DNG Medium......Page p0043.djvu
1.9 Dispersion Compensation in a Transmission Line Using a DNG Medium......Page p0045.djvu
1.10 Subwavelength Focusing with a DNG Medium......Page p0047.djvu
1.11 Metamaterials with a Zero Index of Refraction......Page p0056.djvu
References......Page p0061.djvu
2.1 Introduction......Page p0067.djvu
2.2 Subwavelength Cavities and Waveguides......Page p0068.djvu
2.3 Subwavelength Cylindrical and Spherical Core–Shell Systems......Page p0078.djvu
2.4 ENG–MNG and DPS–DNG Matched Metamaterial Pairs for Resonant Enhancements of Source-Generated Fields......Page p0084.djvu
2.5 Efficient, Electrically Small Dipole Antennas: DNG Nested Shells......Page p0086.djvu
2.6 Efficient, Electrically Small Dipole Antennas: ENG Nested Shells—Analysis......Page p0094.djvu
2.7 Efficient, Electrically Small Dipole Antennas: HFSS Simulations of Dipole–ENG Shell Systems......Page p0097.djvu
2.8 Metamaterial Realization of an Artificial Magnetic Conductor for Antenna Applications......Page p0100.djvu
2.9 Zero-Index Metamaterials for Antenna Applications......Page p0104.djvu
References......Page p0107.djvu
3.1 Introduction......Page p0111.djvu
3.2.1 Thin-Wire Epsilon-Negative (ENG) Metamaterial......Page p0112.djvu
3.2.2 SRR Array Mu-Negative (MNG) Metamaterial......Page p0113.djvu
3.3 Theoretical Analysis of Rectangular Waveguide Filled with General Metamaterial......Page p0115.djvu
3.4 Investigation of Rectangular Waveguide Filled with 2D Isotropic ENG Metamaterial......Page p0120.djvu
3.5 Investigation of Rectangular Waveguide Filled with 2D Isotropic MNG Metamaterial......Page p0123.djvu
3.6 Investigation of Rectangular Waveguide Filled with 2D Uniaxial MNG Metamaterial......Page p0124.djvu
3.7 Investigation of Rectangular Waveguide Filled with 2D Isotropic DNG Metamaterial......Page p0129.djvu
3.8 Investigation of Subwavelength Resonator......Page p0130.djvu
References......Page p0134.djvu
4.1 Introduction......Page p0137.djvu
4.2.1 Microscopic View: Rods and Rings as Building Blocks of Metamaterials......Page p0138.djvu
4.2.2.1 Modeling Metamaterials......Page p0140.djvu
4.2.2.2 Properties of Metamaterials......Page p0142.djvu
4.3.1.1 Obtaining a Plane-Wave Incidence......Page p0147.djvu
4.3.2.1 Axially Symmetric SRR......Page p0149.djvu
4.3.2.2 Omega (Ω) SRR......Page p0152.djvu
4.3.2.3 Solid-State Structure......Page p0155.djvu
4.3.2.4 S Ring......Page p0159.djvu
Acknowledgments......Page p0162.djvu
References......Page p0163.djvu
SECTION II TWO-DIMENSIONAL PLANAR NEGATIVE-INDEX STRUCTURES......Page p0165.djvu
5.1 Introduction......Page p0167.djvu
5.2 Planar Transmission Line Media with Negative Refractive Index......Page p0168.djvu
5.3 Zero-Degree Phase-Shifting Lines and Applications......Page p0169.djvu
5.3.1 Nonradiating Metamaterial Phase-Shifting Lines......Page p0173.djvu
5.3.2 Series-Fed Antenna Arrays with Reduced Beam Squinting......Page p0174.djvu
5.3.3 Broadband Wilkinson Balun Using Microstrip Metamaterial Lines......Page p0177.djvu
5.3.4 Low-Profile and Small Ring Antennas......Page p0181.djvu
5.4 Backward Leaky-Wave Antenna Radiating in Its Fundamental Spatial Harmonic......Page p0184.djvu
5.5 Superresolving NRI Transmission Line Lens......Page p0186.djvu
5.6 Detailed Dispersion of Planar NRI-TL Media......Page p0188.djvu
References......Page p0191.djvu
6.1 Introduction......Page p0195.djvu
6.2 Planar Metamaterial, Corner-Fed, Anisotropic Grid Antenna......Page p0196.djvu
6.3 Resonance Cone Refraction Effects in a Low-Profile Antenna......Page p0205.djvu
References......Page p0213.djvu
7.1 Introduction......Page p0215.djvu
7.2.2 Composite Right/Left-Handed Structures......Page p0216.djvu
7.2.3 Microwave Network Conception and Characteristics......Page p0219.djvu
7.2.4 Microstrip Technology Implementation......Page p0221.djvu
7.3.1 Symmetric Impedance Coupler......Page p0222.djvu
7.3.2 Asymmetric Phase Coupler......Page p0226.djvu
7.4.1 Positive, Negative, and Zero-Order Resonance in CRLH Resonators......Page p0229.djvu
7.4.2 Zero-Order Antenna......Page p0231.djvu
7.4.3 Dual-Band Ring Antenna......Page p0232.djvu
References......Page p0233.djvu
PART II ELECTROMAGNETIC BANDGAP (EBG) METAMATERIALS......Page p0235.djvu
SECTION I THREE-DIMENSIONAL VOLUMETRIC EBG MEDIA......Page p0237.djvu
8.1.1 Electromagnetic (Photonic) Bandgap Materials or Photonic Crystals......Page p0239.djvu
8.1.2 Left-Handed Materials or Negative-Index Materials......Page p0243.djvu
8.2 Theoretical and Numerical Methods......Page p0245.djvu
8.2.1 Plane-Wave Method......Page p0246.djvu
8.2.2 Transfer Matrix Method......Page p0249.djvu
8.2.3 Finite-Difference Time-Domain Method......Page p0252.djvu
8.3 Comparison of Different Numerical Techniques......Page p0256.djvu
Acknowledgments......Page p0257.djvu
References......Page p0258.djvu
9.1 Introduction......Page p0263.djvu
9.2.1 Manufacture of 3D EBGs by Machining from the Solid......Page p0265.djvu
9.2.2 Manufacture of 3D EBGs by Stacking......Page p0266.djvu
9.2.3 Manufacture of 3D EBGs by Growth......Page p0268.djvu
9.3 Experimental Characterization of EBG Crystals......Page p0269.djvu
9.3.1 Surface Wave Characterization......Page p0270.djvu
9.3.2 Complex Reflectivity Measurements......Page p0272.djvu
9.3.3 Terahertz Reflection and Transmission Measurements......Page p0274.djvu
9.4 Current and Future Applications of EBG Systems......Page p0276.djvu
9.5 Conclusions......Page p0280.djvu
References......Page p0281.djvu
10.1 Introduction......Page p0285.djvu
10.2.1.1 Hypotheses on Electromagnetic Field......Page p0286.djvu
10.2.1.2 Hypotheses on Geometry......Page p0287.djvu
10.2.2.1 Floquet–Bloch Transform and Decomposition of Initial Problem......Page p0288.djvu
10.2.2.2 Field Coupling at Plane Interface......Page p0289.djvu
10.2.2.3 Propagation of Electromagnetic Energy......Page p0292.djvu
10.3.1 Group Velocity Effect......Page p0295.djvu
10.3.2 Phase Velocity Effect......Page p0296.djvu
10.3.3 Chromatic Dispersion Effect......Page p0297.djvu
10.4 Antenna Applications......Page p0300.djvu
10.5 Conclusion......Page p0305.djvu
References......Page p0306.djvu
SECTION II TWO-DIMENSIONAL PLANAR EBG STRUCTURES......Page p0309.djvu
11.1 Introduction......Page p0311.djvu
11.2 Surface Waves......Page p0313.djvu
11.3 High-Impedance Surfaces......Page p0314.djvu
11.4 Surface Wave Bands......Page p0315.djvu
11.5 Reflection Phase......Page p0318.djvu
11.6 Bandwidth......Page p0319.djvu
11.7 Design Procedure......Page p0321.djvu
11.8 Antenna Applications......Page p0323.djvu
11.9 Tunable Impedance Surfaces......Page p0326.djvu
11.10 Reflective-Beam Steering......Page p0327.djvu
11.11 Leaky-Wave Beam Steering......Page p0329.djvu
11.12 Backward Bands......Page p0331.djvu
References......Page p0333.djvu
12.1 Introduction......Page p0337.djvu
12.2.1 Bandgap Characterizations of an EBG Structure......Page p0339.djvu
12.2.2 Modal Diagram and Scattering Analysis of EBG Structure......Page p0341.djvu
12.3.1 Parametric Study of EBG Ground Plane......Page p0343.djvu
12.3.2 Polarization-Dependent EBG (PDEBG) Surface Designs......Page p0345.djvu
12.4.1 Enhanced Performance of Microstrip Antennas and Arrays......Page p0348.djvu
12.4.2.1 Comparison of PEC, PMC, and EBG Ground Planes......Page p0353.djvu
12.4.2.2 Operational Frequency Band of EBG Structure......Page p0355.djvu
12.4.3.1 Antenna Performance......Page p0357.djvu
12.4.3.2 Radiation Mechanism......Page p0359.djvu
12.4.4.1 Curl Antenna on EBG Ground Plane......Page p0361.djvu
12.4.4.2 Single-Dipole Antenna Radiating CP Waves......Page p0363.djvu
12.4.5 Reconfigurable Wire Antenna with Radiation Pattern Diversity......Page p0365.djvu
References......Page p0370.djvu
13.1 Introduction......Page p0375.djvu
13.1.1 Quasi-Static Admittance Models......Page p0376.djvu
13.1.2 Chapter Outline......Page p0377.djvu
13.2.1 Patch-Type FSS (Electric Current Approach)......Page p0378.djvu
13.2.3 Dispersion Equation......Page p0381.djvu
13.3 Accessible Mode Admittance Network......Page p0382.djvu
13.3.2 Aperture-Type FSS......Page p0383.djvu
13.3.3 Dispersion Equation in Terms of Accessible Modes......Page p0384.djvu
13.4.1 Dominant-Mode Two-Port Admittance Network......Page p0385.djvu
13.4.2 Diagonalization of FSS Admittance Matrix......Page p0387.djvu
13.4.3 Foster’s Reactance Theorem and Rational Approximation of Eigenvalues......Page p0389.djvu
13.4.4 Poles and Zeros of FSS and Metamaterial Admittance......Page p0390.djvu
13.4.6 Examples......Page p0393.djvu
13.5 Conclusions......Page p0398.djvu
References......Page p0399.djvu
CHAPTER 14 SPACE-FILLING CURVE HIGH-IMPEDANCE GROUND PLANES......Page p0401.djvu
14.1 Resonances of Space-Filling Curve Elements......Page p0403.djvu
14.2.1 Peano Surface......Page p0407.djvu
14.2.1.1 Effects of Substrate Height and Interelement Spacing......Page p0409.djvu
14.2.2 Hilbert Surface......Page p0411.djvu
14.2.2.1 Hilbert Surface of Order 3: Experimental Results......Page p0413.djvu
14.2.2.2 Use of Space-Filling Curve High-Impedance Surfaces for Thin Absorbing Screens......Page p0415.djvu
14.3 Use of Space-Filling Curve High-Impedance Surfaces in Antenna Applications......Page p0417.djvu
14.4 Space-Filling Curve Elements as Inclusions in DNG Bulk Media......Page p0421.djvu
14.5 Conclusions......Page p0423.djvu
References......Page p0424.djvu
Index......Page p0427.djvu