Metabolism of Brain Peptides

1. The production of biologically active peptides in brain tissues, General introduction, A. Overview of peptides in brain tissues, B. General aspects, II Specific aspects of peptide proteins, A. Opioids, B. Calcitonin and calcitonin-gene related peptide, C. Tachykinins, D. Vasopressin and oxytocin, E. Gastrin and cholecystokinin, F. Glucagon, G. Thyrotropin-releasing hormone, H. Other examples with emphasis on regulation of synthesis, III Peptide amidation, A. Mechanism of amidation, B. Cofactor activity, C. Monofunctional or bifunctional system?, D. Peptidylamidoglycolate lyase (PAL), E. Purification and characterization of PGM, F. Possible explanations for existence of multiple molecular forms of PGM, IV Concluding remarks and future perspectives, 2. Biological activities of peptides in brain tissues François Roman, A. Introduction Neuroactive peptides as neurotransmitters, B. or hormones Coexistence of neuropeptides with other peptides and classic neurotransmitters, C. Classification of peptides, II Neuropeptide Y, A. NPY receptor subtypes, B. Distribution and function of NPY, III Calcitonin-gene related peptide, A. Distribution of CGRP in the nervous system, B. Functional effects of CGRP, C. CGRP receptor subtypes, IV Cholecystokinin, A. CCK receptors, B. Localization of CCK A and B receptors, C. Neurochemical actions of CCK, D. Neurobehavioral effects of CCK, V Galanin, A. Galanin distribution and pathways in the mammalian brain, B. Coexistence of galanin with other neurotransmitters, C. Physiological effects of galanin, VI Neurotensin, A. Distribution and pathways, B. Signal transduction, C. Neurotensin-dopamine interactions, D. Clinical consequences, 3. Neuropeptide receptor-ion channel coupling in the mammalian brain, I Introduction, II Methodological approaches, III Neuropeptides and ion channels: mechanistic studies, A. Cholecystokinin, B. Tachykinins, C. Somatostatin, D. Opioid peptides, E. Mode of action of other brain peptides, IV Conclusions, 4. Neuropeptide inactivation by peptidases, I. Introduction, II. Peptidases which have been implicated in neuropeptide metabolism, A. Pyroglutamate aminopeptidase II, B. Endopeptidase 24.11(NEP 24.11), C. Angiotensin-converting enzyme, D. Dipeptidyl aminopeptidase IV(DAP IV), E. Aminopeptidase M, F. Aminopeptidase A, G. Aminopeptidase MI and Mil, H. Enkephalinase B, I. Endopeptidase 24.16 (Thimet oligopeptidase), J. Endopeptidase 24.16, K. Comparison between endopeptidase 24.15 and endopeptidase 24.16, L. Carboxypeptidases, III Metabolism of selected neuropeptides in vivo, A. TRH (Thyroliberin), B. LH-RH (Luliberin), C. Neurotensin, D. Angiotensins, IV Conclusion, 5. Peptidases and peptides at the blood-brain barrier, I Introduction, II Peptide interaction at the blood-brain barrier, A. Transport of peptides at the blood-brain barrier, B. Peptide receptors and secondary messenger systems, III Peptidases and the blood-brain barrier, A. General considerations, B. Aminopeptidases, C. Carboxypeptidases, D. Other peptidases, E. The role of peptidases at the blood-brain barrier, 6. Inactivation of thyrotropin releasing hormone (TRH). The TRH-degrading enzyme as a regulator and/or terminator of TRH signals?, I Summary, II Introduction, III Characteristics of the TRH-degrading serum enzyme and the membrane-bound TRH-degrading enzyme, IV Cellular and subcellular localization, V Purification and cloning, VI Hormonal regulation of the TRH-degrading enzymes, A. Regulation by thyroid hormones, B. Regulation by estradiol, VII Conclusions and perspectives, 7. Intracellular peptide turnover: properties and physiological significance of the major peptide hydrolases of brain cytosol, I Introduction, II Endopeptidases, A. Multicatalytic endopeptidase complex, III Oligopeptidases, A. Prolyl oligopeptidase, B. Thimet oligopeptidase, IV Exopeptidases, A. Cytosol alanyl aminopeptidase, V Omega peptidases, A. Pyroglutamyl peptidase I, INDEX