Memory: The Key to Consciousness

Cover......Page 1
Title......Page 2
Preface......Page 3
Contents......Page 4
A Life Without Memory......Page 5
Life with Too Much Memory......Page 6
False Memories......Page 7
The Many Varieties of Memory......Page 8
Ordinary Recollection and Episodic Memory......Page 10
Implicit-Procedural Memory......Page 11
Basic Associative Learning......Page 12
Emotional Learning......Page 13
Priming......Page 14
Human Brain Imaging—A Window on the Mind......Page 15
Probability and Category Learning......Page 16
Overview......Page 17
Sensory Memories......Page 18
Long-Term Store......Page 21
Chunking, Recoding, Remembering......Page 22
Attention, Consciousness, and Memory......Page 23
Consciousness......Page 26
Working Memory and Its Brain Systems......Page 27
Frontal Lobes and Personality: The Story of Phineas Gage......Page 30
Working Memory and Intelligence......Page 31
3 The Early Development of Memory......Page 32
The Visual System......Page 33
Learning in Newborns......Page 36
As Learning Develops......Page 38
Infantile Amnesia......Page 39
What Things Are and Do......Page 40
When Things Go Missing......Page 41
Counting......Page 43
Autism......Page 44
The \"Geek\" Syndrome......Page 45
Critical Periods in Development......Page 47
Synapses......Page 48
The Mozart Effect......Page 50
The Mozart Effect......Page 51
The Forgetting Curve......Page 53
Forgetting and Degree of Learning......Page 54
Massed and Distributed Practice......Page 55
Forgetting: The Available and the Accessible......Page 56
Interference and Forgetting......Page 58
Hypnosis: Does It Improve Recall?......Page 60
Reinstate the Context......Page 62
Age-Related Memory Changes......Page 63
Brain, Aging, and Memory......Page 64
Sleep, Dreaming, and Remembering......Page 65
Sleep......Page 66
Sleep and Learning......Page 67
Hypnagogic Images......Page 69
Temporal Lobe Amnesia......Page 71
Animal Models of Amnesia......Page 73
Where Are Permanent Memories Stored?......Page 74
Memory Consolidation and Retrograde Amnesia......Page 76
Human Memory and Electroconvulsive Therapy......Page 77
Virtual Lesions......Page 79
Dementia and Memory......Page 80
Alzheimer\'s Disease and Its Victims......Page 81
Child Sexual Abuse and Recovered Memory......Page 85
Questionable Beliefs About Memory......Page 86
Experimental Creation of False Memory......Page 88
Creating a False Personal Past......Page 89
False Memory and Personality......Page 90
Probing Memory......Page 91
1. How does false information affect memory?......Page 92
2. Can you tell true from false memories?......Page 93
False Memory: Summing Up......Page 94
Fear......Page 96
Fear and the Amygdala......Page 100
Hormonal Effects on Fearful Memories......Page 106
Anxiety......Page 107
Narratives Accompanying Slide Presentation......Page 108
Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder......Page 110
Anxiety States......Page 111
The Brain Reward System......Page 112
Drug Abuse......Page 113
EMOTIONS AND ETHICS......Page 115
Early Learning of Speech and Language......Page 116
Babbling, a Universal Language......Page 117
What Is Language?......Page 118
Brain and Language......Page 119
Reading......Page 124
Dyslexia......Page 125
Evolution of Language......Page 126
The Language Gene......Page 128
Enter the Neanderthals......Page 129
Language in Animals?......Page 130
Enter Kanzi......Page 132
Memory Molecules......Page 133
Synapses and Memory......Page 134
New Neurons and Memory......Page 137
Plasticity of the Cerebral Cortex and Memory......Page 138
The Mechanism of LTP......Page 139
A Tale of Snails, Flies, Mice, and Memory......Page 140
Snails......Page 141
Flies......Page 142
Space, Place, LTP, and the Hippocampus......Page 143
Conclusion......Page 144
Genetic Engineering......Page 146
Brain, Mind, and Machine......Page 147
Suggested Readings......Page 150