Meetings of Cultures in the Black Sea Region: Between Conflict and Coexistence

Front Matter
	Front Cover
	Title Page
	Copyright Page
Contents
Preface
	Bibliography
Rhythms of Eurasia and the Main Historical Stages of the Kimmerian Bosporos in Pre-Roman Times
	Stage 1. Settling the region (600‑480 BC)
	Stage 2. The rule of the Archaianaktids (480/79‑438/7 BC)
	Stage 3. The early rule of the Spartokids and the Golden Age of Bosporos and Scythia (438/7-c. 300 BC)
	Stage 4. A time of crisis (first half of the 3rd century BC)
	Stage 5. A Bosporan renaissance (c. 250‑c. 150 BC)
	Stage 6. A new period of instability (mid‑ to late 2nd century BC)
	Stage 7. Bosporos under Pontic influence (late 2nd century‑63 BC)
	Conclusion
	Notes
	Bibliography
Some reflections on eschatological currents, Diasporic experience, and group identity in the northwestern Black Sea region
	Eschatological thinking in the Black Sea region and beyond
	Eschatological thinking as expression of diasporic consciousness?
	Diaspora models
	Diaspora and pagan Antiquity?
	Diaspora and religious responses
	Culture change through hybridization?
	Conclusion
	Notes
	Bibliography
Phalerae of Horse Harnesses in Votive Depositions of the 2nd-1st Century BC in the North Pontic Region and the Sarmatian Paradigm
	Research history
	Two groups of phalerae
	“Sarmatians”, “Sarmatian culture”, and the “Sarmatian Paradigm”
	Rostovcev and the Sarmatians
	P. Rau and his followers
	Conclusion
	Notes
	Bibliography
	Abbreviations
Conflict or Coexistence? Remarks on Indigenous Settlement and Greek Colonization in the Foothills and Hinterland of the Sibaritide (Northern Calabria, Italy)
	Meeting of cultures East and West: an introduction
	Aim and content of paper
	Settling in the margins of Oinotrian society
	Meeting of cultures in the sanctuary on Timpone Motta
	Meeting of cultures, the Iron Age and Archaic settlement of Timpone Motta
	What can landscape archaeology add?
	Conclusion
	Notes
	Bibliography
The Chora Formation of the Greek Cities of Aegean Thrace. Towards a Chronological Approach to the Colonization Process
	Greek colonization in context: Aegean Thrace before the arrival of the first Greek settlers
	The development of the early Iron Age settlement pattern
	The cultural diversity of the Aegean Thracian societies
	The controversial question of pre‑colonial contacts
	The late Bronze Age commercial networks
	The Geometric and Archaic period: the doubtful identification of the traders
	The early phase of colonization and the installation of the colonists: an unexpected complexity
	The question of the territory and the first stage of its formation
	The classical period and the expansion of the city‑state
	Conclusion
	Notes
	Bibliography
	Abbreviations
A Kolchian and Greek Settlement: Excavations at Pičvnari 1967 to 2005
	The settlement
	The Kolchian cemetery
	The “Greek” necropolis
	Necropolis of the 4th century AD
	Notes
	Bibliography
The Cities that Never Were. Failed Attempts at Colonization in the Black Sea
	Introduction
	Characteristics of the settlement pattern
	Greek‑barbarian relations
	The white spots on the map
	Who was wearing the pants in the Black Sea Region?
	The barbarian point of view
	Failed attempts
	Sinope
	Kalpe Limen
	Chalkedon
	The settlements that disappeared
	Conclusion
	Notes
	Bibliography
	Abbreviations
The Defense Wall in the Northern Part of the Lower City of Olbia Pontike
	Notes
	Bibliography
The Demarcation System of the Agricultural Environment of Olbia Pontike
	Notes
	Bibliography
The First Results of the Archaeological Surveys Near Cape Čauda and Lake Kačik on the Kerch Peninsula
	Notes
	Bibliography
Archaeological Sites of the Southwestern Part of Bosporos and their Connection to the Landscape
	Notes
	Bibliography
Kurgan Burials from Nymphaion – A New Approach
	Introduction
	The kurgans of the 5th century
	The kurgans of the 4th century
	Conclusion
	Notes
	Bibliography
	Abbreviations
Social and Economic Stratification of the Scythians from the Steppe Region Based on Black-glazed Pottery from Burials
	Kylikes and skyphoi
	Heavy walled cup-skyphoi
	Light walled cup-skyphoi
	Cup-kantharoi
	Kantharoi
	Saltcellars
	Summary
	On the role of the ancient centers of the northern Black Sea coast
	Function of black-glazed vessels in the life of the Scythians of the steppe region
	Social and economic stratification of Scythian burials with black-glazed pottery
	Conclusion
	Notes
	Bibliography
Indigenous Responses to Encounters with the Greeks in Northern Anatolia: The Reception of Architectural Terracottas in the Iron Age Settlements of the Halys Basin
	Introduction
	Written Sources
	Archaeological evidence
	Local pottery in Sinope and Amisos
	Greek pottery from the indigenous settlements
	Architectural terracottas from the Iron Age settlements
	Akalan
	Köyiçi Tepesi
	Pazarlı
	Conclusion
	Notes
	Bibliography
Mountainous Crimea: A Frontier Zone of Ancient Civilization
	The sanctuary near the Gurzuf Saddle Pass
	Coin votives
	Roman objects in the sanctuary and Roman activity in the Crimea
	Conclusion
	Notes
	Bibliography
	Abbreviations
Apsaros: A Roman Fort in Southwestern Georgia
	The historical context
	The archaeological evidence
	Notes
	Bibliography
	Abbreviations
Reciprocal Strategies: Imperialism, Barbarism and Trade in Archaic and Classical Olbia
	Religious texts and the role of Dionysos in Olbia
	Decrees: ateleia and proxeny
	Coin issues
	Conclusion
	Notes
	Bibliography
	Abbreviations
Scythian Laughter: Conversations in the Northern Black Sea Region in the 5th Century BC
	Notes
	Bibliography
	Abbreviations
Dionysos and Herakles in Scythia – The Eschatological String of Herodotos’ Book 4
	The Scythian king in ecstasy
	Orphic mythology and Herodotos’ vow of silence
	Mother mysteries in disguise: Herakles and the demanding cave woman
	Anacharsis’ devotion to Meter: chthonic mysteries in Scythian Hylaia
	Pythagorean sages in Scythia and beyond: Aristeas, Abaris, and Salmoxis
	The meaning of life according to Herodotos
	Greek shamanism and Scythian criticism of religion
	Conclusion
	Notes
	Bibliography
	Abbreviations
Indices
Contributors