Medical Insights: From Classroom to Patient

Title......Page 2
Copyright......Page 3
Contents......Page 6
Preface......Page 10
About the Author......Page 12
Reviewers......Page 14
Brevity 1: A Deficiency in a Hematinic Agent May Cause Illness While the Blood Count Is Still Normal......Page 16
Brevity 2: Not All Dementia Is Irreversible. The Clinician Must Always Look for a Treatable Cause of the Cognitive Disorder......Page 19
Brevity 3: Remember the “Acey-Ducey” Rule: In Paired Structures in the Body, Recurrent Involvement of One of the Pair Suggests a “Local” Disorder Whereas Involvement of Both Strongly Suggests Systemic Disease......Page 20
Brevity 4: Young Adults Can Suffer Acute Stroke. In These Patients, You Must Consider Patent Foramen Ovale, Factor V Leiden Mutation, and Antiphospholipid Antibody Syndrome as Causative Factors......Page 23
Brevity 5: Consider a Metabolic Disorder in Any Patient Who Presents with Psychiatric Disturbances. In Many Cases, the Emotional Manifestations Are Very Early Signs of the Underlying Metabolic Abnormality......Page 27
Brevity 6: Always Seek a Common Denominator in Medicine......Page 30
Brevity 7: Flushing......Page 50
Brevity 9: Think of the Chronology of a Heart Murmur......Page 53
Brevity 10: Make It Easier to Remember......Page 55
And Is the Most Important Element in Medical Diagnosis......Page 60
Fatigue And......Page 61
Stroke and Fever......Page 71
Heart Failure and Bounding Pulses......Page 73
Dyspnea And......Page 75
Clubbing And......Page 76
Hyperglycemia And......Page 79
Eosinophilia And......Page 81
Conclusion......Page 82
MED1C......Page 84
Drug Interactions......Page 90
Topic 1: It May Not Be Irritable Bowel Syndrome......Page 94
Topic 2: Abdominal Pain May Arise in the Chest, Not the Abdomen......Page 95
Topic 3: Bronchial Asthma and the Thyroid Gland......Page 98
Topic 4: “All That Wheezes Is Not Asthma”......Page 99
Topic 5: Serum C-Reactive Protein and Proteinuria......Page 101
Topic 6: Bilateral Hilar Nodes......Page 103
Topic 7: Syncope with Effort in the Young Patient......Page 104
Topic 8: Is It Serious?......Page 108
Topic 9: Aortic Valve Stenosis and Hypertrophic Obstructive Cardiomyopathy......Page 113
Topic 10: Bile Salts and Bile Pigments......Page 114
Topic 11: Macrocytosis and Megaloblastosis......Page 116
Topic 12: Neurologic Symptoms......Page 117
Topic 13: The Diagnosis Is Stroke......Page 118
Topic 14: Circumoral Paresthesias......Page 123
Topic 15: Atrial Fibrillation and a Regular Pulse......Page 124
Topic 16: Peripheral Lymphadenopathy in Adults......Page 126
Topic 17: Cough in the Cardiac Patient......Page 127
Topic 18: Angina Pectoris, Transient Ischemic Attack, and Floaters......Page 128
Topic 19: Atrial Fibrillation: Why Is It So Hard to Control the Ventricular Rate?......Page 129
Topic 20: Age Matters in Disease Presentation......Page 131
Topic 21: Pulmonary Infarction and Hepatic Infarction: Why Are Infarctions of the Lung and Liver So Uncommon?......Page 132
Topic 22: Pulse Pressure: A New Look at an Old Sign......Page 133
Topic 23: Diplopia......Page 135
Topic 24: Neuropathies of Pregnancy......Page 137
Topic 25: Bicuspid Aortic Valve and Dissection of the Aorta......Page 138
Topic 26: Petechiae, Purpura, and Ecchymosis......Page 139
Topic 27: The Patient with a Diffuse Rash: An Important Clue to Diagnosis......Page 141
Always......Page 144
Never......Page 166
Linkage 1: Acid–Base Balance......Page 180
Linkage 2: Ptosis......Page 184
Linkage 3: Peripheral Edema......Page 188
Linkage 4: Dyspnea......Page 193
It Depends 1: What Is the Proper Dose of Nitroglycerin?......Page 198
It Depends 2: What Is the Significance of Atrial Premature Beats?......Page 200
It Depends 3: What Is the Proper Dose of a Diuretic in the Treatment of Heart Failure?......Page 202
It Depends 4: Is Jugular (Central) Venous Pressure a Good Indicator of Hypovolemia?......Page 204
It Depends 5: What Are the Physical Examination Signs in Mitral Valve Regurgitation?......Page 206
It Depends 6: What Is the Duration of Anticoagulant Therapy in a Patient Who Has Deep Vein Thrombosis?......Page 209
It Depends 7: What Are the Electrocardiographic Findings in a Patient Who Has Angina Pectoris?......Page 210
It Depends 8: Does Carotid Artery Atherosclerosis Cause a Bruit?......Page 211
It Depends 9: What Is the Significance of Hypotension?......Page 213
It Depends 10: Do Patients Who Have Infective Endocarditis Develop Clubbing?......Page 215
It Depends 11: In a Patient Who Has Coarctation of the Aorta, Is the Blood Pressure Equal in the Arms?......Page 216
3. Jaundice May Be Due to Elevation of Either Serum “Direct” (Conjugated) or “Indirect” (Unconjugated) Bilirubin Levels.......Page 218
5. When Reviewing Laboratory Data on a Patient, Always Calculate the Blood Urea Nitrogen: Serum Creatinine Ratio.......Page 219
8. Antibodies Are Present in the Serum of Patients Who Have Hypothyroidism Due to Hashimoto’s Disease and in the Hyperthyroid Patient Who Has Graves’ Disease.......Page 220
11. Examination of the Dehydrated Patient May Fool the Clinician; the Key Is in Understanding Osmotic Pressure.......Page 221
13. Electrocardiography: Bundle Branch Blocks......Page 222
15. Gynecomastia......Page 223
16. Arterial Blood Gas Determination......Page 224
18. Butterfly Rash......Page 225
19. Weakness......Page 226
Index......Page 228