Mechanical Properties of Human Tissues

Preface
Contents
About the Authors
1 Introduction to Human Tissues
	1.1 Introduction
	1.2 Mechanical Characterization Techniques
		1.2.1 Linear
		1.2.2 Nonlinear
	References
2 Skin
	2.1 Introduction
	2.2 Structure of Skin
	2.3 Mechanical Properties of Skin
	2.4 Skin Friction
	References
3 Muscles and Connective Tissues
	3.1 Muscles
	3.2 Connective Tissues
		3.2.1 Tendons
		3.2.2 Ligaments
	References
4 Tissues in Functional Organs—Low Stiffness
	4.1 Brain
	4.2 Tongue
	4.3 Tonsils
	4.4 Esophagus
	4.5 Lungs
	4.6 Breast
	4.7 Stomach
	4.8 Spleen
	4.9 Summarizing Mechanical Properties of Tissues with Low Stiffness
	References
5 Tissues in Functional Organs—Medium Stiffness
	5.1 Liver
	5.2 Gallbladder
	5.3 Kidney
	5.4 Uterus
	5.5 Summarizing Mechanical Properties of Tissues with Medium Stiffness
	References
6 Tissues in Functional Organs—High Stiffness
	6.1 Nasal Cavity
	6.2 Oral Cavity
	6.3 Heart
	6.4 Pancreas
	6.5 Small Intestine
	6.6 Colon
	6.7 Vagina
	6.8 Urinary Bladder
	6.9 Summarizing Mechanical Properties of Tissues with High Stiffness
	References
7 Hyperelastic Models for Anisotropic Tissue Characterization
	7.1 Introduction
	7.2 Anisotropic Hyperelastic Model
		7.2.1 Numerical Model
		7.2.2 Modeling the Effect of Fiber and Matrix Contributions
		7.2.3 Modeling the Effect of Fiber Orientation
		7.2.4 Modeling the Effect of Multiple Fiber Layers at Arbitrary Orientations
	References
8 Applications, Challenges, and Future Opportunities
	8.1 Applications
	8.2 Challenges
	8.3 Future Opportunities
		8.3.1 Measurement of Mechanical Properties of Internal Organs in Normal Condition
		8.3.2 Measurement of Mechanical Properties of Diseased and Damaged Tissues
		8.3.3 Characterizing Tissue Anisotropy
		8.3.4 Handling and Management of Tissues
		8.3.5 Ethical Issues with in Vivo Testing
	References