Measuring the Effectiveness of Real Estate Regulation: Interdisciplinary Perspectives

Introduction
Contents
Contributors
Part I Zoning and Land Use Regulation: Theory
	Measuring the Demand for Land Under Sorting and Matching
		1 Introduction
		2 Literature Review
		3 General Model
		4 Monopoly Power
		5 Dealing with Nonidentification
		6 Conclusion
		References
	Capitalization and Exclusionary Zoning
		1 Introduction
		2 Conventional Exclusionary Zoning
		3 Tiebout and Selecting for Taxes and Services
		4 Capitalization of Public Benefits
		5 Evaluating Capitalization
		References
Part II Zoning and Land Use Regulation: Evidence
	The Long-Run Impact of Zoning in US Cities
		1 Introduction
		2 The Introduction and Evolution of Zoning in the USA
		3 Data
			3.1 Land Use
			3.2 Zoning
			3.3 Geography
			3.4 Transportation
			3.5 Demographics
		4 Results
			4.1 Land Use Transitions
			4.2 Regression Discontinuity Analysis
			4.3 Sheaf Coefficients
		5 Conclusion
		References
	Tracing the Effectiveness of Land Use Regulation: The Case of Heritage Protection Measures, Flexibility, and Adaptations
		1 Introduction
		2 Effectiveness of Land Use Regulations and Heritage Statutes
			2.1 Effectiveness and Efficiency of Land Use Policies
			2.2 Effectiveness of Heritage Policies and Regulations
		3 Methodological Notes
			3.1 Key Variables and Research Question
			3.2 The Setting: Planning Conflicts and Appeals
			3.3 The Setting: Choosing Jurisdictions for Comparative Analysis
		4 Contextual Notes
			4.1 A Brief Background on Heritage Regulation and Policy in England, Israel, and Oregon
				4.1.1 Heritage Regulation in England: Rigidity Alongside Flexibility
				4.1.2 Heritage Regulation in Israel: Growing Local Awareness to Heritage But Still a Flexible Approach to Heritage Development
				4.1.3 Heritage Regulation in Oregon: Local Discretion and Flexibility, Alongside National Control and Guidance
				4.1.4 Managing the Built Heritage in a Non-fanatic Manner?
			4.2 A Brief Overview of Heritage Appeals: The Discretion of Appeal Tribunals and the Scope of Review
		5 Identification and Content Analysis of Appeal Tribunal Decisions
		6 Findings and Comparative Analysis
			6.1 Type of Development Discussed on Appeal
				6.1.1 A Breakdown of Appeals\' Outcomes
			6.2 The Outcome of Heritage Appeals
		7 Conclusions
		References
Part III Business and Industrial Land Development Policies
	Scattered Governance: A Typology for Toronto\'s Business Improvement Areas
		1 Introduction
		2 BIAs in Urban Governance
		3 The Legal and Spatial Basis of Toronto\'s BIAs
		4 A Typology of BIAs in Toronto
		5 Discussion
		6 Conclusion
		References
	China\'s Land Granting Reform for Industrial Land: A Quasi-experimental Evaluation
		1 Introduction
		2 Reform of Industrial Land Granting Policy in China
		3 Evaluation Based on National Total Granted Industrial Land
			3.1 The Effect on the Proportion of Industrial Land Granted Through Negotiation
			3.2 The Effect on Land Price
		4 Evaluation Based on Provincial-Level Industrial Land Granting Data
			4.1 The Effect on Negotiation Total Granted Land Area
			4.2 The Effect on the Proportion of Land Granted Through Negotiation
		5 Conclusions
		References
Part IV Urban Land Development Regulation
	Success Factors of Building Land Strategies: Differences and Commons of the Approaches
		1 Introduction
		2 Influences and Impacts on German Housing Market
		3 Steering Instruments for an Urban Development
			3.1 Land Policy Instruments
			3.2 Financial Subsidies
		4 Building Land Strategies as a Land Policy Instrument for Municipalities
		5 The Research Design for the Analysis of Building Land Models
		6 Results of the Case Study Analysis
			6.1 Motivation to Pass Decisions
			6.2 Correlation Between Urban Objectives and Model Content
			6.3 Application of Building Land Models
			6.4 What Is Appropriate?
			6.5 Change in Land Value Levels
			6.6 Success Factors and Recommendations
		7 Opportunities and Limitation of Building Land Models
		References
	The Effect of Formal Property Rights Regime on Urban Development and Planning Methods in the Context of Post-Socialist Transformation: An Institutional Approach
		1 Introduction
		2 Complexity of Institutional Analysis
		3 Property Rights Regime as an Institution in Urban Development
		4 Conceptualization of Urban Development and Planning Methods
		5 Introduction to the Polish Case Study
		6 Legal and Conventional Aspects of Property Rights
			6.1 The Doctrine of `Holy Property Rights\' and the Primacy of Property Rights Over the Public Interest in the Polish Jurisprudence
			6.2 The Complicated Issue of Poland\'s Restitution of Property and Characteristics of Post-Socialist Property Relations
		7 Legal and Conventional Aspects of Land Use and Development
			7.1 Distribution of Development Rights: Everybody Has the Right to Develop
			7.2 Distribution of the Economic Rewards and Costs: Extensive Compensation Rights for Planning Injury and Limited Use of Value Capture Mechanisms
		8 Urban Development Without Land Use Plans Based Only on Administrative Decisions: A Non-planning Regime and Market Governance Model
		9 The Purest, Libertarian Form of `Actually Existing Neoliberalism\' in the Field of Urban Development
		References
Part V Standardization Efforts in the Real Estate Market
	Anchoring and Adjustment in the Mortgage Market: A Regulatory Experiment
		1 Introduction
		2 The Israeli Housing Market
		3 The Dataset
			3.1 Data Construction: Maturity
			3.2 Data Construction: Payment-to-Income (PTI)
			3.3 Control Variables
		4 Design
		5 Results
		6 Conclusions
		References
	Dealing with an Anchoring Bias in the Mortgage Market: A Regulatory Approach
		1 Introduction
		2 The Mortgage Illusion
		3 Cognitive Heuristics and Economic Decision-Making
		4 The Consequences of the Mortgage Illusion
		5 Regulatory Solutions
			5.1 Macro Mortgage Regulations
			5.2 Restriction Adjustment and “Smart Regulation” for Biased Borrowers
			5.3 Limitations as a Balancing Anchor
			5.4 Clerical Alert
		6 Conclusion
		References
	European Property Law: Competence, Integration, and Effectiveness
		1 Introduction
		2 The Competence of the EU
			2.1 Positive Integration
			2.2 Negative Integration
		3 Effectiveness of EU Law: Three Examples
			3.1 Introduction
			3.2 Mortgages
			3.3 Succession Law
			3.4 Digitalization
		4 Concluding Remarks
		References