Mastering Windows Server 2016 Hyper-V

Introduction xix   Chapter 1     Introduction to Virtualization and Microsoft Solutions 1    The Evolution of the Datacenter 1    One Box, One Operating System 1    How Virtualization Has Changed the Way Companies Work and Its Key Values 5    History of Hyper-V 10    Windows Server 2008 Hyper-V Features 12    Windows Server 2008 R2 Changes 13    Windows Server 2008 R2 Service Pack 115    Windows Server 2012 Hyper-V Changes 16    Windows Server 2012 R2 22    Windows Server 2016 24    Licensing of Hyper-V 26    One Operating System (Well Two, but Really One) with Windows Server 2012 and 2012 R2 26    Windows Server 2016 Changes to Licensing and Versions 29    Choosing the Version of Hyper-V 31    The Role of System Center with Hyper-V 32    System Center Confi guration Manager33    System Center Virtual Machine Manager and App Controller 34    System Center Operations Manager 34    System Center Data Protection Manager 35    System Center Service Manager 35    System Center Orchestrator 36    Clouds and Services 36    The Bottom Line 38    Chapter 2     Virtual Machine Resource Fundamentals 41    Understanding VMBus 41    The Anatomy of a Virtual Machine 44    Generation 1 Virtual Machine 45    Generation 2 Virtual Machine 50    VMCX Configuration File 53    VM Configuration Versions 54    Processor Resources 55    Virtual Processor to Logical Processor Scheduling 58    Processor Assignment 60    NUMA Support 66    Memory Resources 69    Dynamic Memory 69    Runtime Memory Resize 75    Virtual Storage 77    VHD 78    VHDX 79    Creating a Virtual Hard Disk 80    Pass-Through Storage 83    Discrete Device Assignment 83    The Bottom Line 86    Chapter 3     Virtual Networking 89    Virtual Switch Fundamentals 89    Three Types of Virtual Switches 89    Creating a Virtual Switch 92    Extensible Switch 94    VLANs and PVLANS 99    Understanding VLANs 99    VLANs and Hyper-V 102    PVLANs 104    How SCVMM Simplifies Networking with Hyper-V 107    SCVMM Networking Architecture 108    Deploying Networking with SCVMM 2016 114    Network Virtualization 129    Network Virtualization Overview 130    Network Controller 135    Software Load Balancer 137    Gateways 140    Datacenter Firewall 141    UDR, Port Mirroring, and Virtual Appliances 144    Implementing Network Virtualization 145    Summary 147    VMQ, RSS, and SR-IOV 148    SR-IOV 148    VMQ 151    RSS and vRSS 154    NIC Teaming 157    Host Virtual Adapters and Types of Networks Needed in a Hyper-V Host 160    Types of Guest Network Adapters 165    Monitoring Virtual Traffic 169    The Bottom Line 171    Chapter 4     Storage Configurations 173    Storage Fundamentals and VHDX 173    Types of Controllers 176    Common VHDX Maintenance Actions 177    Dynamic VHDX Resize 179    Storage Spaces and Windows as a Storage Solution 180    Storage Space Basics 181    Using Storage Spaces 182    Windows Server 2012 R2 Storage Space Changes 184    Windows Server 2016 Storage Space Changes 186    Storage Replica 193    Storage Spaces Direct and Storage Replica Together 197    Server Message Block Usage 197    SMB Technologies 198    SMB for Hyper-V Storage 203    iSCSI with Hyper-V 205    Using the Windows iSCSI Target 206    Using the Windows iSCSI Initiator 207    Considerations for Using iSCSI 209    Understanding Virtual Fibre Channel 209    Leveraging Shared VHDX and VHD Sets 216    Data Deduplication and Hyper-V 220    Storage Quality of Service 222    SAN Storage and SCVMM 227    The Bottom Line 229    Chapter 5     Managing Hyper-V 231    Installing Hyper-V231    Using Configuration Levels 233    Windows Server 2016 and Nano Server 235    Enabling the Hyper-V Role 243    Actions after Installation of Hyper-V 245    Deploying Hyper-V Servers with SCVMM 247    Hyper-V Management Tools 248    Using Hyper-V Manager 250    Core Actions Using PowerShell 255    VM Groups 259    PowerShell Direct 260    Securing the Hyper-V Server 261    Creating and Managing a Virtual Machine 262    Shielded VMs and Host Guardian Service 266    Review of Shielded VMs and Host Guardian Service 267    Deploying Shielded VMs 269    Creating and Using Hyper-V Templates 278    Hyper-V Integration Services and Supported Operating Systems 287    Migrating Physical Servers and Virtual Machines to Hyper-V Virtual Machines 291    Upgrading and Migrating from Previous Versions 293    Stand-Alone Hosts 294    Clusters 294    The Bottom Line 298    Chapter 6     Maintaining a Hyper-V Environment 299    Patch Planning and Implementation 299    Leveraging WSUS 300    Patching Hyper-V Clusters 301    Malware Configurations 304    Backup Planning 305    Defragmentation with Hyper-V 309    Using Checkpoints 312    Using Service Templates 317    Performance Tuning and Monitoring with Hyper-V 320    Resource Metering 324    Monitoring 329    The Bottom Line 330    Chapter 7     Failover Clustering and Migration Technologies 333    Failover Clustering Basics 333    Understanding Quorum and Why It   s Important 335    Quorum Basics 336    Modifying Cluster Vote Configuration 343    Advanced Quorum Options and Forcing Quorums 345    Geographically Distributed Clusters 347    Why Use Clustering with Hyper-V? 350    Service Monitoring 351    Protected Network 353    Cluster-Aware Updating 354    Where to Implement High Availability 356    Configuring a Hyper-V Cluster 358    Cluster Network Requirements and Configurations 359    Performing Cluster Validation 369    Creating a Cluster 373    Creating Clusters with SCVMM 373    Using Cluster Shared Volumes 376    Making a Virtual Machine a Clustered Virtual Machine 381    Live Migration 383    Windows Server 2012 Live Migration Enhancements 386    Live Storage Move 388    Shared Nothing Live Migration 392    Configuring Constrained Delegation 394    Initiating Simultaneous Migrations Using PowerShell 397    Windows Server 2012 R2 Live Migration Enhancements 397    Dynamic Optimization and Resource Balancing 398    The Bottom Line 405    Chapter 8     Hyper-V Replica and Cloud Orchestration 407    The Need for Disaster Recovery and DR Basics 407    Asynchronous vs Synchronous Replication 409    Introduction to Hyper-V Replica 410    Enabling Hyper-V Replica 412    Configuring Hyper-V Replica 414    Using Hyper-V Replica Broker 421    Performing Hyper-V Replica Failover 422    Sizing a Hyper-V Replica Solution 428    Using Hyper-V Replica Cloud Orchestration for Automated Failover with Azure Site Recovery 430    Overview of Hyper-V Protection with Azure Site Recovery 431    Getting Started with ASR R 434    Architecting the Right Disaster-Recovery Solution 435    The Bottom Line436    Chapter 9     Implementing the Private Cloud, SCVMM, and Microsoft Azure Stack 437    The Benefits of the Private Cloud 437    Private Cloud Components 442    SCVMM Fundamentals 444    Major New Capabilities in SCVMM 2016 444    Installation 445    SCVMM Management Console 448    Libraries 452    Creating a Private Cloud by Using System Center Virtual Machine Manager 455    Granting Users Access to the Private Cloud 463    Enabling Workflows and Advanced Private Cloud Concepts by Using Service Manager and Orchestrator 463    Utilizing Windows Azure Pack 466    How the Rest of System Center Fits into Your Private Cloud Architecture 468    Understanding Microsoft Azure Stack 471    Architecture 473    Types of Deployment 476    What Does Azure Stack Mean? 476    Where Does System Center and Operations Management Suite Fit with Azure Stack 477    The Bottom Line 477    Chapter 10     Containers and Docker 479    Challenge of Application Deployment 479    Hyper-V Nested Virtualization 480    Windows Container Fundamentals 481    Windows Server Containers vsHyper-V Containers 484    Docker 486    Installing the Container Feature 488    Creating and Managing Containers 490    Configuring Networking 490    Creating and Interacting with Containers 498    Understanding Storage for Containers 503    Integrating Active Directory 504    Working with Image Registries 504    Patching and Updating 505    Using Containers in Your Organization 505    The Bottom Line 506    Chapter 11     Remote Desktop Services 507    Remote Desktop Services and Bring Your Own Device 507    Microsoft Desktop and Session Virtualization Technologies 512    RD Web Access 514    RD Connection Broker 515    RD Virtualization Host 516    RD Gateway 516    Requirements for a Complete Desktop Virtualization Solution 517    Creating the VDI Template 522    Deploying a New VDI Collection Using Scenario-Based Deployment 524    Personal Session Desktops 530    Using RemoteFX 532    Remote Desktop Protocol Capabilities 538    Using Multipoint Services 541    Choosing the Right Desktop Virtualization Technology 542    The Bottom Line 546    Chapter 12     Microsoft Azure IaaS, Storage, and Networking 547    Understanding Public Cloud    as a Service    547    When Are Public Cloud Services the Best Solution? 549    Microsoft Azure 101 553    Microsoft Azure Compute 554    Capabilities of Azure IaaS and How It Is Purchased 555    Creating Virtual Machines in Azure IaaS 566    Availability Sets 568    Azure Storage 570    Virtual Networks 576    Linking On-Premises Networks with Azure IaaS 578    Managing with PowerShell 580    Migrating Virtual Machines Between Hyper-V and Azure IaaS 584    The Bottom Line 585    Chapter 13     Bringing It All Together with a Best-of-Breed Cloud Solution 587    Which Is the Right Technology to Choose? 587    Consider the Public Cloud 588    Decide If a Server Workload Should Be Virtualized 593    Do I Want a Private Cloud? 595    Enabling Single-Pane-of-Glass Management 596    The Bottom Line 598    Appendix     The Bottom Line 599    Chapter 1: Introduction to Virtualization and Microsoft Solutions 599    Chapter 2: Virtual Machine Resource Fundamentals 600    Chapter 3: Virtual Networking 601    Chapter 4: Storage Confi gurations 602    Chapter 5: Managing Hyper-V 603    Chapter 6: Maintaining a Hyper-V Environment 604    Chapter 7: Failover Clustering and Migration Technologies 605    Chapter 8: Hyper-V Replica and Cloud Orchestration 605    Chapter 9: Implementing the Private Cloud, SCVMM, and Microsoft Azure Stack 606    Chapter 10: Containers and Docker 607    Chapter 11: Remote Desktop Services 608    Chapter 12: Microsoft Azure IaaS, Storage, and Networking 609    Chapter 13: Bringing It All Together with a Best-of-Breed Cloud Solution 610    Index 611