Mast Cells in Allergic Diseases (Chemical Immunology)

Cover......Page 1
Contents......Page 6
Preface......Page 14
Phenotypic Characteristics of Mast Cells......Page 16
Human Mast Cells Are Derived from Multipotential Hematopoietic Progenitors......Page 17
Human Mast Cell Development on Stimulation with SCF Alone in Serum-Deprived Culture......Page 18
SCF-Dependent Human Mast Cell Development Is Regulated by Various Factors......Page 20
Thrombopoietin......Page 21
Interleukin-9......Page 22
Interleukin-3......Page 24
Interleukin-4, Interleukin-6......Page 25
Retinoids......Page 26
Property of Cultured Mast Cells......Page 28
Conclusions and Future Directions......Page 29
References......Page 31
Structure and Function of FcR on Mast Cells......Page 37
Hypersensitivity Mediated through FcgamaR on Mast Cells......Page 38
FcRgama-ITAM-Dependent and -Independent Mast Cell Response through FcepsilonRI......Page 39
Regulation of Mast Cell Survival vs. Degranulationthrough FcepsilonRI......Page 40
References......Page 44
ROS and Regulation of the Cellular Redox Balance......Page 47
Generation of ROS in Non-Phagocytic Cells through the NOX/DUOX Family......Page 48
Fcepsilon Signaling in Mast Cells......Page 50
Generation of ROS in Mast Cells and Basophils......Page 51
Role of Oxidants in FcepsilonRI Signaling and Allergy......Page 52
Conclusions......Page 54
References......Page 55
Adaptor Molecules in Mast Cells......Page 58
Constitutive Protein-Protein Interactions......Page 59
Inducible Protein-Protein and Protein-Lipid Interactions......Page 60
PH Domains......Page 61
FcepsilonRI and FcgamaRI: Beta and gama Subunits......Page 62
Kit......Page 63
LAT (Linker for Activation of T Cells)......Page 64
NTAL (Non-T Cell Activation Linker)......Page 66
Cytosolic Adaptor Molecules......Page 67
Vav......Page 68
Grb2, Gads and Gab1......Page 69
Cbl and Dok......Page 70
References......Page 71
Introduction......Page 74
Biosynthesis......Page 75
Effects on Leukocytes......Page 77
Allergen-Induced Pulmonary Inflammation......Page 78
Biosynthesis......Page 79
Receptors for cysLTs and ReceptorxMediated Functions in vitro......Page 80
Effects on Leukocytes......Page 81
Asthma......Page 82
Allergen-Induced Pulmonary Inflammation......Page 83
Heterogeneity of Eicosanoid Generation by Tissue MC Subsets......Page 84
PGHS/PGDS Pathway......Page 85
Summary......Page 87
References......Page 88
Effect of Tryptase on Tissue Cell Proliferation and Remodeling......Page 95
Effect of Tryptase on Airway Smooth Muscle Cells and Epithelium......Page 96
Chymase and Other Proteases Related to Tissue Remodeling......Page 97
References......Page 98
Introduction......Page 100
Mast Cells and Their Mediators in Asthma......Page 101
Identification and Characterization of PAI-1in Mast Cells......Page 104
Mechanisms of PAI-1 Action in ECM Accumulation......Page 105
Effect of PAI-1 in the Development of Airway Remodeling......Page 107
Conclusion......Page 109
References......Page 110
Introduction......Page 116
FcepsilonRI-Mediated Cytokine Expression by MCs......Page 117
TLR-Mediated Cytokine Expression by MCs......Page 118
FcepsilonR-Mediated Cytokine Expression by MCs......Page 119
References......Page 123
Introduction......Page 126
Nasal Mast Cells as a Source of Multifunctional Cytokines......Page 127
Mast Cells-IgE-FcepsilonRI Cascade in Allergic Airway Disease......Page 129
Nasal Mast Cell – Structural Cell Interactions......Page 130
Immediate Phase Response......Page 131
Late Phase Response......Page 132
Highlighting the Roles of Mast Cells in Asthma......Page 133
Humanized Monoclonal Antibodies against IgE......Page 135
Mast Cells in Chronic Rhinosinusitis......Page 136
Conclusion......Page 138
References......Page 139
Introduction......Page 145
Chemokines and Their Receptors......Page 146
Chemokine Receptors......Page 148
Expression of Chemokine Receptors by Mast Cells......Page 150
CCR1 and CCR4......Page 151
CCR5......Page 152
CXCR3......Page 153
Migration......Page 154
Degranulation and Cytokine Secretion......Page 155
Conclusions......Page 156
References......Page 157
Introduction......Page 160
Mast Cell Stabilisation......Page 161
Tolerance......Page 163
Pharmacogenetics......Page 165
Acknowledgement......Page 166
References......Page 167
Introduction......Page 169
Glucocorticoids and Asthma......Page 170
Glucocorticoids and Mast Cells......Page 171
Glucocorticoids and SCF......Page 172
References......Page 174
Mast Cells in Asthma and Allergy......Page 178
Mast Cell K+ Channels......Page 179
Mast Cell Cl- Channels......Page 183
Mast Cell Ca2+ Channels......Page 186
Na+ Channels......Page 188
Hypothetical Mast Cell Electrical ‘Excitation’ Cycle......Page 190
References......Page 191
Abstract......Page 194
‘Mast Cell Knock-In Mice’ as a Model for Studying Mast Cell Functions in vivo......Page 196
IgE-Dependent Local or Systemic Reactions......Page 199
Anaphylaxis or Local Immediate Hypersensitivity Reactions in Actively Immunized Mice......Page 201
Mast Cells in Allergic Inflammation in the Airways: Mouse Models of Asthma......Page 203
Update on the Controversy Regarding the Roles of Mast Cells in CHS and Delayed Hypersensitivity......Page 204
Potential Roles of Mast Cells in Certain CHS Responses......Page 205
Potential Roles of Mast Cells in Other Models of Allergic Inflammation in the Skin......Page 206
Conclusions......Page 207
References......Page 208
Introduction......Page 213
Mast Cells vs. Other Cell Types......Page 214
Activated vs. Resting Mast Cells......Page 218
Glucocorticoid Sensitivity of Mast Cell Transcripts......Page 219
Mast Cell Subset-Specific Genes......Page 220
Human Mast Cells vs. Mouse Mast Cells......Page 222
References......Page 224
Author Index......Page 228
A......Page 229
C......Page 230
I......Page 231
P......Page 232
V......Page 233