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دانلود کتاب Massachusetts General Hospital Comprehensive Clinical Psychiatry

دانلود کتاب روانپزشکی جامع بالینی بیمارستان عمومی ماساچوست

Massachusetts General Hospital Comprehensive Clinical Psychiatry

مشخصات کتاب

Massachusetts General Hospital Comprehensive Clinical Psychiatry

ویرایش: Second edition 
نویسندگان: , , , ,   
سری:  
ISBN (شابک) : 9780323328999, 032329507X 
ناشر: Elsevier Health Sciences 
سال نشر: 2016;2015 
تعداد صفحات: 0 
زبان: English 
فرمت فایل : AZW3 (درصورت درخواست کاربر به PDF، EPUB یا AZW3 تبدیل می شود) 
حجم فایل: 26 مگابایت 

قیمت کتاب (تومان) : 54,000



کلمات کلیدی مربوط به کتاب روانپزشکی جامع بالینی بیمارستان عمومی ماساچوست: بیماریهای روانی -- درمان ، اختلالات روانی -- درمانی ، روانپزشکی -- روش شناسی ، روانپزشکی ، روانپزشکی -- روشها ، بیماریهای روانی -- درمان ، روانپزشکی -- روش شناسی ، اختلالات روانی -- درمانی ، روانپزشکی -- روشها



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Front cover
Massachusetts General Hospital Comprehensive Clinical Psychiatry
Copyright page
Table of Contents
Preface
List of Contributors
Dedication
Part I: Approach to the Patient
	Chapter 1: The Doctor–Patient Relationship
		Key Points
		Overview
		The Optimal Healing Environment:  Patient-Centered Care
			Physician Practice in Patient-Centered Care
		Collaborating Around History-Taking
			Effective Clinical Interviewing
		Planning the Path Forward: Creating a Clinical Formulation
		Treatment Planning
		Obstacles and Difficulties in the  Doctor–Patient Relationship
		Key References
		References
	Chapter 2: The Psychiatric Interview
		Key Points
		Overview
		Lessons From Attachment Theory, Narrative Medicine, and Mindful Practice
		The Context of the Interview: Factors Influencing the Form and Content of  the Interview
			The Setting
			The Situation
			The Subject
			The Significance
		Establishing an Alliance and Fostering Effective Communication
		Building the Relationship and  Therapeutic Alliance
		Data Collection: Behavioral Observation, the Medical and Psychiatric History, and the Mental Status Examination
			Behavioral Observation
			The Medical and Psychiatric History
				Presenting Problems
				Past Psychiatric History
				Past Medical History
				Review of Systems
				Family History
				Social and Developmental History
				Use of Corollary Information
			The Mental Status Examination
		Sharing Information and Preparing the Patient for Treatment
		The Evaluation of Children  and Adolescents
		Difficulties and Errors in the  Psychiatric Interview
			Dealing with Sensitive Subjects
			Disagreements about Assessment  and Treatment
			Errors in Psychiatric Interviewing
		Key References
		References
	Chapter 3: Laboratory Tests and Diagnostic Procedures
		Key Points
		Overview
		A General Approach to Choosing Laboratory Tests and Diagnostic Studies
		Routine Screening
		Psychosis and Delirium
		Anxiety Disorders
		Mood Disorders
		Metabolic and Nutritional
		Neuroendocrine Disorders
		Immune Disorders
		Infectious Diseases
		Degenerative Disorders
		Substance Use Disorders
			Alcohol
			Cocaine and Stimulants
			Opiates
			Steroids
		Toxins
		Eating Disorders
		Drug Monitoring
			Mood Stabilizers
			Antipsychotics
			Antidepressants
		Electroencephalogram
		Neuroimaging
		Structural Neuroimaging
			Computed Tomography
			Magnetic Resonance Imaging
			Positron Emission Tomography and Single-Photon Emission Computed Tomography
		Conclusion
		Key References
		References
	Chapter 4: Treatment Adherence
		Key Points
		Overview
		Epidemiology of Adherence
		Clinical and Economic Impact of Non-Adherence
		Risk Factors for Non-Adherence
			Clinical Factors
				Mood
				Anxiety
				Psychosis
				Substance Misuse
			Patient Factors: Knowledge, Attitudes,  and Beliefs
			Economic and Racial/Ethnic Disparities
			Clinical Encounters
		Assessing Adherence
		Integrating Adherence Into the Treatment Course
			Initial Consultation
			Treatment Planning
			Introduction to Adherence
			Ongoing Assessment
		Problem-Solving Barriers to Adherence
			Education
			Motivation
			Skills
			Logistics
		Future Directions
			Research
			Education
		Conclusion
		Key References
		References
Part II: Human Development
	Chapter 5: Child, Adolescent, and Adult Development
		Key Points
		Overview
		Major Theories of Development
			Sigmund Freud
			Erik Erikson
			Jean Piaget
			Lawrence Kohlberg
			Attachment Theory: John Bowlby and  Mary Ainsworth
		Brain Development
			Infancy (Birth to 18 Months)
				Temperament
				Motor Development in Infancy
				Cognitive Development in Infancy
				Language Development in Infancy
				Social and Emotional Development in Infancy
			Pre-school Years ( to 5 Years)
				Physical and Motor Development in the  Pre-school Years
				Cognitive Development in the Pre-school Years
				Language Development in the Pre-school Years
				Social and Emotional Development in the  Pre-school Years
				Moral Development in the Pre-school Years
				Gender Identity
			School-age Years (5 to 12 Years)
				Language Development in the School-age Years
				Motor Development in the School-age Years
				Cognitive Development in the School-age Years
				Social and Emotional Development in the  School-age Years
				Moral Development in the School-age Years
			Adolescence (12 to 20 Years)
				Physical Development during Adolescence
				Cognitive Development during Adolescence
				Social and Emotional Development during  Adolescence
				Moral Development during Adolescence
				Sexual Development during Adolescence
			Adult Development
				Young Adulthood
				Middle to Late Adulthood
				Late Adulthood and Senescence
		Key References
		References
Part III: Psychological and Neuropsychological Testing
	Chapter 6: Diagnostic Rating Scales and Psychiatric Instruments
		Key Points
		Overview
		General Considerations in the Selection of Diagnostic Rating Scales
		General Diagnostic Instruments
		Scales for Mood Disorders
		Scales for Psychotic Disorders
		Scales for Anxiety Disorders
		Scales for Substance Abuse Disorders
		Scales for Cognitive Disorders
		Conclusion
		Key References
		Suggested Reading
	Chapter 7: Understanding and Applying Psychological Assessment
		Key Points
		Overview
		Psychometrics: the Science of  Test Development
			Basic Psychometric Assumptions:  Reliability and Validity
			Definition of a Psychological Test
		Major Categories of Psychological Tests
			Intelligence Tests
			Objective (Self-Report) Tests of Personality  and Psychopathology
			The Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory–2
			The Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory–III
			The Personality Assessment Inventory
			Objective Tests and the DSM-5
			Performance-Based Tests of Personality
			The Rorschach Inkblot Method
			Thematic Apperception Test
			Projective Drawings
		The Assessment Consultation Process  and Report
			Obtaining the Assessment Consultation
			Using Psychological Assessment to Enhance Care
			Understanding the Assessment Report
		Key References
		References
	Chapter 8: Neuropsychological Assessment
		Key Points
		Introduction
		Dimensions of Behavior Assessed
			Intellectual Function
			Attention
			Frontal/executive Functions
			Memory
			Language
			Visuoperceptual, Visuospatial, and Visuoconstructional Functioning
			Emotional Functions
			Sensory-perceptual and Motor Functions
		BRIEF Neuropsychological  Screening Measures
		Conclusion
		Acknowledgments
		Key References
		References
Part IV: The Psychotherapies
	Chapter 9: Coping with Medical Illness and Psychotherapy of the Medically Ill
		Key Points
		Background
		History
		Clinical and Research Challenges
		Practical Pointers
		References
	Chapter 10: An Overview of the Psychotherapies
		Key Points
		Background
		Psychodynamic Psychotherapy
		Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy
		Supportive Psychotherapy
		Brief Psychotherapy
		Psychiatric Medication  with Psychotherapy
		Interpersonal Psychotherapy
		Dialectical Behavior Therapy
		Group Therapy
		Couples Therapy
		Integrative Psychotherapy
		Innovative Directions of Psychotherapy Research
		Child and Adolescent Psychotherapy
			Emotional, Cognitive, and Neurodevelopmental Issues for Children and Adolescents
			Child and Adolescent Psychodynamic Psychotherapy
		Manual-Driven Therapies and  Behavioral Therapies
		Systems-Based Care
		Conclusion
		Key References
		References
	Chapter 11: Brief Psychotherapy: An Overview
		Key Points
		Overview
		History of Brief Psychotherapy
		Modern Brief Psychotherapies
			Psychodynamic Short-term Therapies
			Cognitive-Behavioral Brief Therapies
			Interpersonal Therapy
			Eclectic Therapies
		The Essential Features of Brief Therapy
			The Initial Evaluation
			Patient Selection
				Exclusion Criteria
				Inclusion Criteria
			Developing a Focus
			Completing the Initial Evaluation and  Setting Goals
			The Brief Therapy Mind-set
			Being an Active Therapist
			Phases of Planned Brief Therapy
			Post-treatment Contact
		KEY References
		Suggested Reading
	Chapter 12: Couples Therapy
		Key Points
		Overview
		Seminal Ideas in Couples Therapy
		Identification of Dysfunctional  Relational Patterns
		Mate Choice and the Contribution of One’s Family of Origin
		Communication
		Intimacy and Control
		Life Cycle Context and Transition Points
		Conducting a Couples Therapy Evaluation
			The First Session with Both  Members of the Couple
			The Two Individual Meetings
				Alcohol and Substance Abuse
				Previous Therapy
				History of Mental Illness
				Sexual Abuse
				Medical Problems
				Intimate Partner Violence
			The Fourth Meeting with Both Members of the Couple: Wrap-up and Recommendations
		Couples Therapy Techniques
			Cognition as the Focus of Change
			Affect as the Focus of Change
			Behavior as the Focus of Change
		Conclusion
		Key References
		References
	Chapter 13: Family Therapy
		Key Points
		Overview
			Case Vignette
		Psychodynamic Family Therapy
			The Theory
			The Practice
			The Proponents
			The Metaphor
		Experiential Family Therapy
			The Theory
			The Practice
			The Proponents
			The Metaphor
		Structural Family Therapy
			The Theory
			The Practice
			The Proponents
			The Metaphor
		Strategic Family Therapy
			The Theory
			The Practice
			The Proponents
			The Metaphor
		Systemic Family Therapy
			The Theory
			The Practice
			The Proponents
			The Metaphor
		Narrative Family Therapy
			The Theory
			The Practice
			The Proponents
			The Metaphor
		Behavioral Family Therapy
			The Theory
			The Practice
			The Proponents
			The Metaphor
		Psychoeducational Family Therapy
			The Theory
			The Practice
			The Proponents
			The Metaphor
		The Maudsley Model: an Example  of Theory Integration
		Conclusion
		Key References
		References
	Chapter 14: Group Psychotherapy
		Key Points
		Overview
		Creating a Group
		Clinical Vignette
			Creation and Goals of a Psychodynamic Group
		Who Should be Treated in Group Therapy?
		Combined Therapies
		Legal and Ethical Considerations  in Group Therapy
		Research, Outcome, and Evaluation
		Consultation and Supervision  for Group Therapy
		KEY References
		Suggested Reading
	Chapter 15: Hypnosis
		Key Points
		Overview
		Historical Background
			Anton Mesmer and Mesmerism
			Early Applications of Hypnosis  in Medical Practice
			Hypnosis in Psychiatric Practice
		Current Research and Theory
			Theoretical Perspectives on the Hypnotic State
			Effects on Physiological Function
			Measurement of Hypnotic Susceptibility
			Measurement of Hypnotic Depth
			Functional Neuroanatomy of Hypnosis
			Genetic and Molecular Basis of Hypnosis
		Evidence for the Efficacy of Hypnosis
		Clinical Indications for Hypnosis
			Customary Clinical Use
			Pain Management
			Surgical Care
			Medical and Dermatological Uses
		Contraindications for Using Hypnosis
		Potential Complications of Hypnosis
		Hypnosis and Performance Enhancement
		Training in Hypnotherapy
			The Cochrane Collaborative
			The Society for Clinical and  Experimental Hypnosis
			The American Society of Clinical Hypnosis
		Conclusion
		Current Controversies and Future Considerations
		Key References
		References
	Chapter 16: Cognitive-behavioral Therapy, Behavioral Therapy, and Cognitive Therapy
		Key Points
		Overview
		Behavioral Therapy, Cognitive Therapy, and Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy
		Putting Behavioral Therapy and Cognitive Therapy Together
			Basic Principles of Cognitive-behavioral Therapy
			The Basic Practice of  Cognitive-behavioral Therapy
			The Practice of Cognitive-behavioral Therapy: The Case of Panic Disorder
		The Efficacy of  Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy
			Adult Unipolar Depression
			Adolescent Unipolar Depression
			Bipolar Disorder
			Generalized Anxiety Disorder
			Panic Disorder
			Social Anxiety Disorder
			Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder
			Post-traumatic Stress Disorder
			Schizophrenia
			Eating Disorders
			Substance Dependence
			Other Psychological Conditions
			The Effectiveness of  Cognitive-behavioral Therapy
		Combining Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy with Medication
		Recent Developments and  Future Directions
		Conclusion
		Key References
		References
Part V: Psychiatric Diagnoses and Conditions
	Chapter 17: The DSM-5: A System for Psychiatric Diagnosis
		Key Points
		DSM-5 in Context: an Evolving  Diagnostic System
			The Process of Change for DSM-5
			The Three-Section Structure of DSM-5
				Section I
				Section II
				Section III
			Diagnostic Criteria Changes
				Neurodevelopmental Disorders
				Schizophrenia Spectrum and other  Psychotic Disorders
				Bipolar and Related Disorders
				Depressive Disorders
				Anxiety Disorders
				Obsessive-compulsive and Related Disorders
				Trauma- and Stressor-related Disorders
				Somatic Symptom and Related Disorders
				Eating Disorders
				Gender Dysphoria
				Disruptive, Impulse Control, and Conduct Disorders
				Substance-related and Addictive Disorders
				Neurocognitive Disorders
		Critiques and Limitations of DSM-5
			Psychodynamic Approaches
			Behavioral Approaches
			Family/Systems Theory
		Conclusion
		Key References
		References
Part VI: Disorders of Cognition
	Chapter 18: Delirium
		Key Points
		Overview
		Diagnosis
		Differential Diagnosis
		Examination of the Patient
		Specific Management Strategies  for Delirium
		Drug Treatment
		Delirium in Specific Diseases
		Conclusions
		Key References
		References
	Chapter 19: Dementia
		Key Points
		Overview
		Epidemiology of Dementia
		The Role of Age of Onset
		Evaluation of the Patient with  Suspected Dementia
		Alzheimer’s Disease
			Brief Description
			Epidemiology of Alzheimer’s Disease
			Pathophysiology
			Genetics of Alzheimer’s Disease
			Clinical Features and Diagnosis
			Differential Diagnosis
			Treatments
			Supportive and Long-term Care
			Prognosis
		Dementia with Lewy Bodies
			Definition
			Epidemiology and Risk Factors
			Pathophysiology
			Clinical Features and Diagnosis
			Differential Diagnosis
			Treatment
			Supportive Care and Long-term Management
			Prognosis
		Frontotemporal Dementias
			Definition
			Epidemiology and Genetic Risk Factors
			Pathophysiology
			Clinical Features, Diagnosis,  and Differential Diagnosis
			Treatment
			Supportive Care and Long-term Management
			Prognosis
		Vascular Dementia
			Definition
			Epidemiology and Risk Factors
			Pathophysiology
			Clinical Features and Diagnosis
			Differential Diagnosis
			Treatment
		Corticobasal Degeneration
		Progressive Supranuclear Palsy
		Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus
		Creutzfeldt–Jakob Disease
		Conclusions
		Key References
		References
		Suggested Reading
	Chapter 20: Intellectual Disability
		Key Points
		Overview
		Epidemiology
			Prevalence
		Co-Morbid Psychopathology
		Clinical Features and Diagnosis
			Clinical Features
			Diagnosis
		Treatment Considerations
			Overview
			Behavioral Disorders
			Traditional Psychiatric Disorders
			Syndrome-associated Disorders
		Conclusion
		References
Part VII: Mental Disorders Due to Another Medical Condition
	Chapter 21: Mental Disorders Due to Another Medical Condition
		Key Points
		Overview
		Disorders
		Psychiatric Differential Diagnosis
			Primary Mental Disorders
			Substance-induced Disorders
			Another Medical Condition
			Infectious Diseases
				Herpes Simplex Virus (Figure 21-1)
				Human Immunodeficiency Virus (Figure 21-3)
				Rabies
				Lyme Disease
				Neurosyphilis
				Chronic Meningitis
				Chronic, Persistent Viral or Prion Diseases
			Epilepsy
				Complex Partial Seizures
			Nutritional Deficits
			Metabolic Encephalopathy
				Hepatic Encephalopathy
				Renal Insufficiency
				Hypoglycemic Encephalopathy
				Diabetic Ketoacidosis
				Acute Intermittent Porphyria
			Endocrine Disorders
				Thyroid Dysfunction
				Parathyroid Dysfunction
				Adrenal Dysfunction
				Pituitary Dysfunction
			Demyelinating Disorders
				Multiple Sclerosis
				Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis
				Lipid Storage Disorders
			Mitochondrial Disease
			Cerebrovascular Disease
			Toxins
			Neoplasm
			Degenerative Disorders
			Immune Diseases
			Trauma
		Evaluation
			History
			Examination
		Treatment Considerations/Strategies
		Conclusions
		Key References
		References
Part VIII: Sleep Disorders
	Chapter 22: Sleep Disorders
		Key Points
		Overview
		The History of Sleep Related  to Psychiatry
		Sleep Physiology
		Examination of Sleep and  Sleep-Related Complaints
			Polysomnography
			Multiple Sleep Latency Test
			Patient-completed Rating Scales
		Classification of Sleep Disorders
		Insomnia
			Principles of Management
			Medications for Insomnia
		Potential Adverse Effects of Hypnotics
			Rebound Insomnia
			Falls
			Cognitive and Performance Disturbances
			Behavior Management
		Hypersomnia and Excessive Sleepiness
		Narcolepsy
		Treatment
			Excessive Daytime Sleepiness
			Cataplexy
		Breathing-Related Sleep Disorders: Obstructive Sleep Apnea, Central Sleep Apnea, and Sleep-Related Hypoventilation
			Central Sleep Apnea
		Circadian Rhythm Sleep–Wake Disorders
			Delayed Sleep Phase Disorder
			Advanced Sleep Phase Disorder
			Irregular Sleep–Wake Cycle Disorder
			Non-24 hour Sleep–Wake Disorder
			Shift-work Sleep Disorder
		Parasomnias NREM Sleep  Arousal Disorder
			Sleepwalking or Somnambulism
			Sleep Terrors (previously known as  pavor nocturnus)
			Sleep-related Eating Disorder, or Nocturnal Binge-eating Disorder
			Nightmare Disorder, or Dream Anxiety Disorder
			REM Sleep Behavior Disorder
			Restless Legs Syndrome
				Restless Leg Syndrome Treatment
			Periodic Limb Movements of Sleep (in ICSD-2, Periodic Limb Movement Disorder, formerly called nocturnal myoclonus)
		Key References
		References
Part IX: Psychiatric Disorders
	Chapter 23: Impulse-Control Disorders
		Key Points
		Overview
		Intermittent Explosive Disorder
			Epidemiology and Risk Factors
			Pathophysiology
			Clinical Features and Diagnosis
			Treatment
			Supportive Care and Long-term Management
		Kleptomania
			Epidemiology and Risk Factors
			Pathophysiology
			Clinical Features and Diagnosis
			Differential Diagnosis
			Treatment
		Pyromania
			Incidence and Epidemiology
			Pathophysiology
			Clinical Features and Diagnosis
			Differential Diagnosis
			Treatment
			Complications and Prognosis
		Gambling Disorder
			Epidemiology and Risk Factors
			Pathophysiology
			Clinical Features and Diagnosis
			Differential Diagnosis
			Treatment
			Prognosis
		Trichotillomania
			Epidemiology and Risk Factors
			Pathophysiology
			Clinical Features and Diagnosis
			Differential Diagnosis
			Treatment
			Prognosis
		Conclusion
		Key References
		References
	Chapter 24: Somatic Symptom Disorders
		Key Points
		Overview
			Cross-walking DSM-IV to DSM-5
			Somatic Symptom Disorder
			Illness Anxiety Disorder
			Conversion Disorder
			Psychological Factors Affecting Other  Medical Conditions
			Factitious Disorders
			Other Specified Somatic Symptom and  Related Disorder
			Functional Somatic Syndromes
			Shared Parameters of Somatically- Oriented Conditions
				Manifestations
				Production
				Gratification
		Treatment
			Assigning a Leader to Develop a Treatment Plan
			Informing the Patient about the Treatment Plan
			Frequent, Scheduled Visits
			Consideration and Treatment of  Co-morbid Conditions
			The Role of Psychiatrists
			Suggestibility for Conversion Disorder
		Conclusions
		Key References
		References
	Chapter 25: Factitious Disorders and Malingering
		Key Points
		Overview
		Factitious Disorders
		Factitious Disorder Imposed on Self
			Clinical Features
			Diagnostic Approach
			Differential Diagnosis
			Treatment Approach
		Factitious Disorder Imposed on Another
			Clinical Features
			Diagnostic Approach
			Treatment Approach
		Malingering
			Clinical Features
			Diagnostic and Management Approach
		Conclusion
		References
		Suggested Reading
	Chapter 26: Alcohol-Related Disorders
		Key Points
		Overview
		Description and Definition
		Alcohol-Induced Disorders
			Alcohol Intoxication
				Treatment
			Alcohol-induced Coma
			Alcohol Withdrawal Syndrome
				Treatment
			Alcohol Withdrawal Seizures
				Treatment
			Alcohol Withdrawal Delirium
				Treatment
			Wernicke–Korsakoff Syndrome
			Wernicke’s Encephalopathy
				Treatment
			Korsakoff’s Psychosis (Alcohol-induced Persisting Amnestic Disorder)
			Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder
		Alcohol Use Disorders
		Etiology AND Epidemiology
			Etiology
			Epidemiology
		Alcohol Use Disorders and Co-occurring Psychiatric Illness
			Typologies
		Pathophysiology and Imaging
			Effects on Neurotransmitters
		Screening and Assessment
		Treatment for Alcohol Use Disorders
			Brief Intervention
			Intensive-Extensive Interventions
			Pharmacological Interventions
			Alcoholics Anonymous and Long-term Support
		Conclusions
		Key References
		References
	Chapter 27: Drug Addiction
		Key Points
		Overview
		The Neurobiology of Addiction
		Cocaine
			Abuse
			Management
		Amphetamines
			Abuse
			Treatment
		Club Drugs
		Opioids
			Opiate Substitution Therapy
			Opiate Antagonist Therapy
			Managing the Opiate-addicted  Hospitalized Patient
			Inpatient Detoxification
			Outpatient Detoxification Treatment
			Pain Management for Patients Receiving  Opiate Substitution
			Overdose Prevention and Reversal
		Benzodiazepines
			Neurobiology
			Patterns of Chronic Use versus Abuse
			Overdose
			Withdrawal
		Sedative-Hypnotics
			Abuse
			Clinical Syndromes
			Withdrawal
			Treatment for Withdrawal
			Inpatient Management and Referral
			Bath Salts
		Mixed-Drug Addiction
		References
		Suggested Reading
	Chapter 28: Psychosis and Schizophrenia
		Key Points
		Overview
		Epidemiology and Risk Factors
		Pathophysiology
			Neurochemical Changes
			Neurocellular Changes
			Changes in Brain Structure
			Changes in Brain Function
		Clinical Features and Diagnosis
		Evaluation
			Tests and Laboratory Findings
			Brain Neuroimaging
		Differential Diagnosis of Psychosis
			Pharmacological Treatment
			Acute Phase
			Maintenance Phase
		Rehabilitation and Long-Term Management
		Prognosis
			Morbidity and Mortality Rates
			Prognosis with Regard to Symptoms  and Function
		Current Controversies and  Future Considerations
		Key References
		References
	Chapter 29: Mood Disorders: Depressive Disorders (Major Depressive Disorder)
		Key Points
		Introduction
		Major Depressive Disorder
		Subtypes of Major Depressive Disorder
			Anxious Depression
			Mixed Depression
			Melancholic Depression
			Atypical Depression
			Psychotic Depression
			Catatonic Depression
			Peri-partum Depression
			Seasonal Depression
		Evaluation of the Patient with Potential Major Depressive Disorder
		Other Depressive Disorders
		Epidemiology of Major  Depressive Disorder
		Morbidity, Disability, and Mortality Rates in Depression
		Impact of Depression on  Medical Co-Morbidity
		Impact of Non-Psychiatric Medical Illnesses on Major Depressive Disorder
		Depression and Primary Care
		Risk Factors of Depression  in Primary Care
		Associated Features of Depression  in Primary Care
		Indication for Referral to Psychiatrists
		Conclusions
		Key References
		References
	Chapter 30: Bipolar Disorder
		Key Points
		Overview
		Epidemiology and Risk Factors
		Historical Context
		Clinical Features and Phenomenology
		Associated Illness Features
			Bipolar I versus II
			Psychosis
			Suicide
			Cognitive Symptoms
		Features of Longitudinal Course
			Age at Onset and Prodrome
			Mood Episodes and Chronicity
			Rapid Cycling
			Antidepressant-induced Mania/Hypomania
			Seasonality and Climate
			Changes in Episode Frequency
		Neurobiology and Pathophysiology
			Hypotheses
			Animal Models
			Post-mortem Studies
			Neuroimaging Studies
			Genetic Studies
		Evaluation, Tests, and  Laboratory Work-Up
			Diagnosis of Bipolar Disorder
			Differential Diagnosis
			Schizophrenia and Schizoaffective Disorder
			Major Depressive Disorder
			Anxiety Disorders
			Substance Use Disorders
			Borderline Personality Disorder
			Secondary Mania
			Bipolar Spectrum Illness
		Consequences of Misdiagnosis
		Role of Diagnostic Testing (Including Neuroimaging and Other Biomarkers)
		Tools for Screening, Diagnosis, and Symptom Monitoring
		Treatment
			Determination of Mood State  and Symptom Severity
			Treatment Strategies
				General Treatment Strategies
				Approach to Mania
				Approach to Mixed States
				Approach to Depression
			Approach to Maintenance Treatment
			Use of Psychosocial Interventions
		Special Considerations in Treatment
			Features of Course
			Psychiatric and Medical Co-Morbidity
				Bipolar II
				Pregnancy
			Childhood, Adolescence, and Geriatric Patients
		Prognosis
		Medical Co-Morbidity among  Bipolar Patients
		Controversies
			Child Bipolar
		Key References
		References
	Chapter 31: Psychiatric Illness during Pregnancy and the Post-partum Period
		Key Points
		Overview
		Diagnosis and Treatment of Mood Disorder during Pregnancy
			Antidepressant Use during Pregnancy
		Pharmacological Treatment of Depression during Pregnancy:  Clinical Guidelines
		Bipolar Disorder during Pregnancy
		Psychotic Disorders during Pregnancy
		Anxiety Disorders during Pregnancy
		Electroconvulsive Therapy  during Pregnancy
		Post-Partum Mood and Anxiety Disorders: Diagnosis and Treatment
		Breastfeeding and Psychotropic  Drug Use
		Perinatal Psychiatry: From Screening  to Treatment
		Key References
		References
	Chapter 32: Anxiety Disorders
		Key Points
		Overview
		Panic Disorder and Agoraphobia
			Introduction
			Clinical Characteristics and Diagnosis
				Panic Disorder
				Agoraphobia
				Panic Attack Specifier
			Epidemiology
			Impairment and Quality of Life
			Co-morbidity
			Pathophysiology
				Neurobiology
				Psychopathological Processes
		Social Anxiety Disorder
			Clinical Characteristics and Diagnosis
			Epidemiology
			Impairment and Quality of Life
			Co-morbidity
			Pathophysiology
				Neurobiology
				Psychophysiology
				Cognitive-behavioral models
		Generalized Anxiety Disorder
			Overview
			Clinical Characteristics and Diagnosis
			Epidemiology
			Impairment and Quality of Life
			Co-morbidity
			Pathophysiology
				Neurobiology
				Psychopathological processes
		Conclusion
		Key References
		References
	Chapter 33: Obsessive-compulsive Disorder and Obsessive-compulsive and Related Disorders
		Key Points
		Overview
		Clinical Features and Diagnosis
		Epidemiology and Risk Factors
			Prevalence
			Age of Onset
			Gender
			Race and Cultural Factors
			Risk Factors
			Genetics
		Pathophysiology
		Evaluation, Tests, and  Laboratory Findings
		Treatment
		Prognosis
		Current Controversies, Unanswered Questions, and Future Challenges
		Clinician and Patient Resources
		Key References
		References
		Suggested Reading
	Chapter 34: Trauma and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder
		Key Points
		Overview
		Diagnosis
			Etiology
			Clinical Features
			Acute Stress Disorder
			Differential Diagnosis
		Epidemiology
			Incidence and Prevalence
			Co-morbidity
			Risk Factors
		Prognosis
			Recovery and Course of Illness
			Suicide Attempts
			Impairment
		Pathogenesis
			Psychophysiology
			Biology
		Treatment
			Utilization
			Psychotherapy
			Pharmacotherapy
			Current Status of Posttraumatic Stress  Disorder Treatment
		Current Controversies and  Future Directions
		Key References
		References
	Chapter 35: Dissociative Disorders
		Key Points
		OVERVIEW
			History
		Causes of Dissociation
		The Epidemiology of Dissociation
		Different Dissociative Disorders
			Dissociative Amnesia
			Dissociative Identity Disorder
			Depersonalization/Derealization Disorder
			Dissociative Disorder Not Otherwise Specified
		Factitious Disorders or Malingering of Dissociative Presentations
		Conclusion
		Key References
		References
	Chapter 36: Sexual Disorders and Sexual Dysfunction
		Key Points
		Overview
		Epidemiology and Risk Factors
		Pathophysiology
		Clinical Features and Diagnosis
			Approach to Sexual History-taking
			Physical Examination and  Laboratory Investigation
			Diagnostic Features of Specific  Sexual Dysfunctions
				Male Disorders of Sexual Function
					Erectile Disorder.
					Delayed Ejaculation.
					Premature (Early) Ejaculation.
					Male Hypoactive Sexual Desire Disorder.
				Female Disorders of Sexual Function
					Female Sexual Interest/Arousal Disorder.
					Female Orgasmic Disorder.
					Genito-Pelvic Pain/Penetration Disorder.
				Sexual Dysfunctions Affecting Both Genders
					Substance/Medication-Induced Sexual Dysfunction.
					Other Specified and Unspecified Sexual Dysfunction.
			Diagnostic Features of Specific  Paraphilic Disorders
			Diagnostic Features of Gender Dysphoria
				Gender Dysphoria in Children.
				Gender Dysphoria in Adolescents and Adults.
		Differential Diagnosis of  Sexual Disorders
		Treatment
			Organically-Based Treatment
				Premature Ejaculation
				Erectile Disorder
				Female Sexual Dysfunction
				Paraphilic Disorders
				Gender Dysphoria
			Psychologically-Based Treatments
				Sexual Dysfunction
				Paraphilic Disorders
				Gender Dysphoria
		Future Outlook
		Suggested Reading
	Chapter 37: Eating Disorders: Evaluation and Management
		Key Points
		Overview
		Classification
		Epidemiology
		Course, Co-Morbidity, and  Mortality Rate
		Etiological Factors
		Diagnostic Features
			Anorexia Nervosa
			Bulimia Nervosa
			Binge-eating Disorder
			Other Specified Feeding or Eating Disorder
		Evaluation and Differential Diagnosis
		Medical Complications
		Medical Assessment
		Laboratory Findings
		Treatment
			Medical Management
			Psychotherapeutic Treatment
				Anorexia Nervosa
				Bulimia Nervosa
				Binge-Eating Disorder
		Pharmacological Treatment
			Pharmacological Management of  Anorexia Nervosa
			Pharmacological Management of Bulimia Nervosa
			Pharmacological Management of  Binge-eating Disorder
			Pharmacological Considerations in Treating Children and Adolescents
		Conclusions
		Current Controversies and  Future Considerations
		Key References
		References
		Suggested Reading
	Chapter 38: Grief, Bereavement, and Adjustment Disorders
		Key Points
		Grief and Bereavement
			Definition
			Epidemiology and Risk Factors
			Clinical Findings and Differential Diagnosis
			Treatment Options
			Complications
			Prognosis
		Adjustment Disorders
			Epidemiology
			Clinical Findings and Differential Diagnosis
			Treatment Options
			Prognosis
		References
		Suggested Readings
	Chapter 39: Personality and Personality Disorders
		Key Points
		Overview
		Personality Theory
		The Origins of Personality
		Adult Personality Traits
		DSM-5 Personality Disorders
			Cluster A Personality Disorders
				Paranoid Personality Disorder
				Schizoid Personality Disorder
				Schizotypal Personality Disorder
			Cluster B Personality Disorders
				Antisocial Personality Disorder
				Borderline Personality Disorder
				Histrionic Personality Disorder
				Narcissistic Personality Disorder
			Cluster C Personality Disorders
				Avoidant Personality Disorder
				Dependent Personality Disorder
				Obsessive-compulsive Personality Disorder
		DSM-5 Personality Disorders
			DSM-5 Section III: Hybrid Diagnosis
				Criterion A: Level of Personality Functioning
				Criterion B: Traits and Types
		Diagnosing Personality Disorders
		Treatment of Personality Disorders
			Psychotherapy
			Pharmacotherapy
				Agents
					Antipsychotics.
					Mood Stabilizers.
					Antidepressants.
					Benzodiazepines.
					Opioid Antagonists.
				Approach to the Pharmacotherapy of  Personality Disorders
		Key References
		References
Part X: Treatment Approaches
	Chapter 40: Psychiatric Neuroscience:
		Key Points
		Overview
		History of Psychiatric Neuroscience
		Psychiatric Diagnosis: Biomarkers and Biological Validity
		Methods in Psychiatric Neuroscience
			Brain Lesions and Behavior
			Neuropsychology and Endophenotypes
			Neuroimaging
			Neurophysiology
			Brain Stimulation and Neuromodulation
			Neuropathology
			Psychopharmacology
			Animal Experiments
			Human Genetics and Molecular Biology
		Biological Case Formulation: Neuroscientific Content and Process
			Process
			Content
		Overview of the Structure of the Central Nervous System
		Cellular Diversity in the Brain:  Neurons and Glia
			Neurons
			Glia
		The Structure of the Synapse
			Neurotransmitters
			Synaptic Transmission, Second Messenger Systems, and Activity-Dependent Gene Expression
		A Review of Clinically Relevant Neurotransmitter Systems
			Glutamate
				The N-methyl-d-aspartate Receptor and the Role of Glutamate in Neuropsychiatric Illness
			GABA
				GABA Receptors
				GABA in Neuropsychiatric Illness
			Dopamine
				Dopamine Pathways and Relevance to Neuropsychiatry
				Dopamine Synthesis, Binding, and Inactivation and More Clinical Correlates
			Norepinephrine
				Norepinephrine in Opiate Withdrawal
			Serotonin
			Acetylcholine
				Acetylcholine and Cognition
			Histamine
			Other Neurotransmitters, and Interactions  among Neurotransmitters
		Genes, Environment, and Epigenetics
		Conclusion
		Acknowledgments
		Key References
		References
	Chapter 41: The Pharmacotherapy of Anxiety Disorders
		Key Points
		Overview
		Panic Disorder and Agoraphobia
			Antidepressants
				Tricyclic Antidepressants (TCAs)
				Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors
			Benzodiazepines
			Other Agents
		Generalized Anxiety Disorder
			Antidepressants
				Selective serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors and Serotonin Norepinephrine Reuptake Inhibitors
				Tricyclic Antidepressants
			Benzodiazepines
			Buspirone
			Anticonvulsants
			Antipsychotics
			Other agents
				Riluzole
				Chamomile
				Kava
		Social Anxiety Disorder
			Selective serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors and Serotonin Norepinephrine Reuptake Inhibitors
			Beta-blockers
			Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors
			Benzodiazepines
			Other medications
		Conclusions and Future Directions
		References
	Chapter 42: Antipsychotic Drugs
		Key Points
		Introduction
		History
			Chlorpromazine and the Early Agents
			Clozapine, the First Atypical Antipsychotic
			Other Atypical Agents
			The CATIE Study
		Currently Available  Antipsychotic Agents
		General Clinical Considerations
		Drug Selection
		First-Generation (“Typical”) Antipsychotics
		Extrapyramidal Symptoms and  Tardive Dyskinesia
		Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome
		Second-Generation (“Atypical”) Antipsychotics
			Clozapine
			Risperidone and Paliperidone
			Olanzapine
			Quetiapine
			Ziprasidone
			Aripiprazole
			Iloperidone
			Asenapine
			Lurasidone
		Drug Interactions with  Antipsychotic Agents
		Ongoing Challenges
		Key References
		References
	Chapter 43: Antidepressants
		Key Points
		Overview
		Mechanism of Action
			Mechanism of Action of Selective Serotonin Re-uptake Inhibitors
			Mechanism of Action of Serotonin Norepinephrine Re-uptake Inhibitors
			Mechanism of Action of Norepinephrine Re-uptake Inhibitors
			Mechanism of Action of Serotonin Receptor Agonist/Antagonists
			Mechanism of Action of Norepinephrine/Dopamine Re-uptake Inhibitors
			Mechanism of Action of Alpha2-Adrenergic Receptor Antagonists
			Mechanism of Action of Tricyclic Antidepressants
			Mechanism of Action of Monoamine  Oxidase Inhibitors
		Clinical Uses of Antidepressants
			Continuation and Maintenance of  Antidepressant Treatment
			Suicide Risk
		Choice of an Antidepressant
			Selective Serotonin Re-uptake Inhibitors
				Dosage
				Side-effect Profile
				Selective Serotonin Re-uptake Inhibitors  Discontinuation Syndrome
				Drug Interactions
				Use of Selective Serotonin Re-uptake Inhibitors in Pregnancy and the Post-partum Period
			Serotonin Norepinephrine Re-uptake Inhibitors
				Venlafaxine and Desvenlafaxine
				Duloxetine
				Levomilnacipran and Milnacipran
			Norepinephrine Re-uptake Inhibitors
				Reboxetine
				Atomoxetine
			Norepinephrine/Dopamine Re-uptake Inhibitors
				Bupropion
			Serotonin Receptor Antagonists/Agonists
				Trazodone
				Nefazodone
			Vilazodone
			Vortioxetine
				Ritanserin
				Agomelatine
				Buspirone and Gepirone
			Alpha2-Adrenergic Receptor Antagonists
				Mirtazapine
				Mianserin
			Tricyclic and Related Cyclic Antidepressants
				Side-effect Profile
				Prescribing Tricyclic and Related Cyclic Antidepressants
				Use of Tricyclic and Related Cyclic Antidepressants during Pregnancy and the Post-partum Period
				Overdoses with Tricyclic and  Related Cyclic Antidepressants
				Drug Interactions
			Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors
				Side-effect Profile
				Dietary Restrictions and Drug Interactions
				Dosage
				Overdose
				Drug Interactions
		Key References
		References
	Chapter 44: Pharmacological Approaches to Treatment-Resistant Depression
		Key Points
		OVERVIEW
		Definition of Treatment-Resistant Depression
		Staging Models of Treatment-Resistant Depression
		Clinical Features Associated with Treatment-Resistant Depression
		Clinical Approach to  Treatment-Resistant Depression
		Common Treatment Strategies for Treatment-Resistant Depression
			Switching an Antidepressant
			Combining Two Antidepressants with Different Mechanisms of Action
			Augmentation
				Lithium
				Triiodothyronine (T3)
				Atypical Antipsychotics
				Buspirone
				l-Methylfolate
				S-adenosyl-l-methionine
				Novel Therapeutic Agents
				Non-pharmacological Interventions
		Research Challenges
		Conclusions
		References
	Chapter 45: Electroconvulsive Therapy
		Key Points
		Overview
		Indications for Electroconvulsive Therapy
		Risk Factors Associated with Electroconvulsive Therapy
		Technique for Conducting Electroconvulsive Therapy
		Adverse Effects of Electroconvulsive Therapy
		Maintenance Electroconvulsive  Therapy Treatment
		Electroconvulsive Therapy in Children
		Conclusion
		References
	Chapter 46: Neurotherapeutics
		Key Points
		Overview
		Ablative Limbic System Surgery
		Deep Brain Stimulation
		Vagus Nerve Stimulation
		Electroconvulsive Therapy
		Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation
		Conclusion
		Key References
		References
	Chapter 47: Lithium and Its Role in Psychiatry
		Key Points
		Historical Context
		Lithium’s Mechanism of Action
		Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics
		Evidence for Lithium’s Efficacy
			Lithium in Acute Mania
			Lithium in Acute Bipolar Depression
			Lithium for Maintenance Treatment and Relapse Prevention of Bipolar Disorder
			Lithium in Rapid-cycling Bipolar Disorder
			Lithium in Suicide Prevention
			Lithium in Children and Adolescents
				Pediatric Bipolar Disorder
				Conduct Disorder
			Other Uses of Lithium
			Augmentation of Antidepressants in Treatment-refractory Major Depressive Disorder
			Relapse Prevention in Major Depressive Disorder
			Lithium in Psychotic Disorders
			Lithium in Alcohol Dependence
		Principles of Lithium Treatment
			Predictors of Lithium Response
			Laboratory Monitoring
			Lithium Dosing
			Adverse Effects and Their Management
			Other Bothersome Adverse Effects
			Lithium in Pregnancy and Breast-feeding
			Lithium Adherence
		Current Controversies  and Future Directions
		Key References
		References
	Chapter 48: The Use of Antiepileptic Drugs in Psychiatry
		Key Points
		Overview: Historical Context
			Valproic Acid
			Lamotrigine
			Carbamazepine
		Pharmacokinetics, Pharmacodynamics, Adverse Effects, and Monitoring
			Valproic Acid
			Lamotrigine
			Carbamazepine
		Other Anticonvulsants
			Oxcarbazepine
			Gabapentin
			Levetiracetam
			Pregabalin
			Tiagabine
			Topiramate
			Zonisamide
		Conclusion
		References
	Chapter 49: Pharmacotherapy of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder across the Life Span
		Key Points
		Overview
		Stimulants
			Pharmacodynamic Properties of Stimulants
				Methylphenidate
				Amphetamines
			Clinical Use of Stimulants
			Side Effects of Stimulants
				Growth
				Sleep
				Appetite Suppression
			Medication Interactions with Stimulants
		Atomoxetine
			Clinical Use of Atomoxetine
			Side Effects of Atomoxetine
			Alpha-adrenergic Agonists
		Suggested Management Strategies Across the Life span
		Safety of Medications Used to Treat Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder
			Cardiovascular Safety of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder Treatments
			Aggression during Treatment with  Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity  Disorder Medications
			Psychotic or Manic Symptoms during  Treatment with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder Medications
		Alternative (Not FDA-Approved) Treatments for Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder
			Bupropion
			Tricyclic Antidepressants
			Modafinil
		Novel Treatments for Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder
			Nicotinic Agents
			Medications Used in the Treatment of  Alzheimer’s Disease
			Metadoxine
			Selegiline
		Pharmacotherapy of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder and Common Co-Morbid Psychiatric Disorders
			Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity  Disorder and Aggression
			Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder Plus Anxiety Disorders
			Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder Plus Obsessive-compulsive Disorder
			Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder Plus  Tic Disorders
			Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity  Disorder Plus Depression
			Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder Plus Bipolar Disorder
			Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder Plus Substance Use Disorders
			Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder Plus Autism Spectrum Disorders
			Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder  Plus Epilepsy
		Managing Sub-Optimal Responses
		Conclusion
		Key References
		References
	Chapter 50: Drug–Drug Interactions in Psychopharmacology
		Key Points
		Overview
		Classification
		Pharmacokinetics
			Absorption
			Distribution
			Metabolism
			Excretion
		Antipsychotics
		Mood Stabilizers
			Lithium
			Valproic Acid
			Lamotrigine
			Carbamazepine
		Antidepressants
			Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors and  Other Newer Antidepressants
				P450 2D6
				P450 3A4
				P450 2C
				P450 1A
			Tricyclic Antidepressants
			Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors
			St. John’s Wort
		Benzodiazepines
		Psychostimulants and Modafinil
		Key References
		References
	Chapter 51: Side Effects of Psychotropic Medications
		Key Points
		Overview
		Antidepressants
			Tricyclic Antidepressants
			Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors
			Serotonin-Norepinephrine Reuptake Inhibitors
				Venlafaxine
				Duloxetine
			Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors
			Other Antidepressants
				Bupropion
				Mirtazapine
				Trazodone
				Vilazodone
		Mood Stabilizers
			Lithium
				Valproic Acid
				Carbamazepine
				Oxcarbazepine
				Lamotrigine
		Antipsychotics
			Typical Antipsychotics
			Atypical Antipsychotics
				Risperidone
				Paliperidone
				Iloperidone
				Asenapine
				Lurasidone
				Ziprasidone
				Aripiprazole
				Olanzapine
				Clozapine
		Antianxiety and Sleep Agents
			Benzodiazepines
			Short-acting Sedative-Hypnotic Sleep Agents (Zolpidem, Zaleplon, and Eszopiclone)
			Ramelteon
			Buspirone
			Gabapentin
		Other Agents Used in the Treatment of Psychiatric Conditions
			Beta-blockers
			Clonidine
			Stimulants
			Modafinil
			Atomoxetine
			Anticholinergics
			Topiramate
			Acamprosate
			Naltrexone
			Buprenorphine
		Key References
		References
	Chapter 52: Natural Medications in Psychiatry
		Key Points
		Overview
		Efficacy and Safety
		Mood Disorders
			Omega-3 Fatty Acids
			St. John’s Wort
			S-Adenosylmethionine
			Folate and Vitamin B12
			Inositol
		Anxiety and Insomnia
			Valerian
			Melatonin
			Kava
		Premenstrual and  Menopausal Symptoms
			Black Cohosh
			Chaste Tree Berry
		Cognition and Dementia
			Ginkgo biloba
			Dehydroepiandrosterone
		Conclusion
		Key References
		References
Part XI: Special Topics in Psychiatry
	Chapter 53: The Suicidal Patient
		Key Points
		Overview
		Epidemiology and Risk Factors
			Epidemiology
			Psychiatric Risk Factors
			Medical Risk Factors
			Familial and Genetic Risk Factors
			Social Risk Factors
			Past and Present Suicidality
			Contact with Physicians
		Pathophysiology
			Neurobiology
			Psychological, Psychodynamic, and Neuropsychological Perspectives
		Clinical Features and Diagnosis
		Treatment of Suicide Risk
		Difficulties in the Assessment of  Suicide Risk
		Key References
		References
		Suggested Reading
Part XII: Psychosomatic Medicine
	Chapter 54: Psychiatric Consultation to Medical and Surgical Patients
		Key Points
		Overview
		Epidemiology and Differential Diagnosis
		Principles of Psychiatric Evaluation of Medical and Surgical Patients
			Speak with the Consultee
			Review the Record
			Review Medications
			Gather Information from Family and Others
			Interview the Patient
			Conduct a Mental Status Examination
				Arousal
				Attention
				Motivation
				Language
				Memory
				Executive Function
				Structured Instruments
			Conduct Physical and Neurological Examinations
			Write a Note
			Speak with the Consultee
		Treatment
			Biological
			Psychological
			Social
		Special Situations
			Diagnosis, Treatment, and Patient Advocacy
			Somatic Symptom Disorders
			The Reticent Patient
			Difficult and Hateful Patients
		Conclusions
		Key references
		References
	Chapter 55: Life-threatening Conditions in Psychiatry: Catatonia, Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome, and Serotonin Syndrome
		Key Points
		Overview
		Catatonia
			Definition
			Epidemiology and Risk Factors
			Subtypes
			Clinical Features and Diagnosis
			Pathophysiology
			Management and Treatment
			Prognosis and Complications
		Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome
			Epidemiology and Risk Factors
			Clinical Features and Diagnosis
			Management and Treatment
		Serotonin Syndrome
			Definition
			Epidemiology
			Clinical Features and Diagnosis
			Pathophysiology
			Management and Treatment
			Prognosis and Complications
		Key References
		References
	Chapter 56: Psycho-oncology: Psychiatric Co-morbidities and Complications of Cancer and Cancer Treatment
		Key Points
		The Role of Psychiatry in the Care of Cancer Patients
			Denial and “Middle Knowledge”
			Hope and the Doctor–Patient Relationship
			Medical Choices
			Distress
			Screening
			Psychosocial Interventions
		Anxiety Syndromes
			Nausea and Vomiting
		Depression
		Fatigue
			Prevalence
			Diagnosis
			Treatment
				Stimulants
				Exercise
				Behavioral Interventions
		Confusion and Cognitive Impairment
			Hypercalcemia
			Hyponatremia
			Brain Tumors
			Leptomeningeal Disease
			Delirium in Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation
			Hyperviscosity Syndrome
			Cushing’s Syndrome
			Paraneoplastic Neurological Disorders
			Paraneoplastic Limbic Encephalitis
				Toxic Leukoencephalopathy
			Chemotherapy-related Cognitive Impairment
			Effects of Hormonal Therapy in Cancer Patients
			Survivors of Childhood Cancer
		Key References
		References
	Chapter 57: Psychiatric Aspects of HIV Infection and AIDS
		Key Points
		Overview
		Epidemiology
		Basic Biology
		Classification and Diagnosis
		General Approach to Psychiatric Care
		Psychiatric Disorders
			Substance Use Disorders
			Depressive and Anxiety Disorders
			Psychotic Disorders
				HIV-associated Psychosis
				“AIDS Mania”
		Cognitive Disorders
			Delirium
			HIV-associated Neurocognitive Disorder
		Neurological Disorders
		Treatment
		Special Clinical Problems
			Adherence
			Fatigue
			Suicide
			Serious Mental Illness
			Co-infection with HIV and Hepatitis C
			Cigarette Smoking
		Internet Resources
		Key References
		References
	Chapter 58: Organ Transplantation: Pre-transplant Assessment and Post-transplant Management
		Key Points
		Overview
		Psychiatric Evaluation of the Transplant Patient
			Pre-transplant Psychiatric Evaluation
			Pre-transplant Psychiatric Disorders
		Treatment of the  Pre-Transplant Patient
		Care of the Post-Transplant Patient
			Short-term Care
			Long-term Care
		Pediatric Transplantation
			Pre-transplant Evaluation
			Post-transplant Care
		Conclusion
		References
	Chapter 59: Approaches to Collaborative Care and Primary Care Psychiatry
		Key Points
		Overview
		Epidemiology
			Barriers to Treatment
		The Goals of Collaboration
			Access
			Treatment
			Outcomes
			Communication
		Roles, Relationships, and Expectations
		Models of Collaboration
			Outpatient Consultation Models
				Specialty Psychiatric Clinics
				Consultation Psychiatrists
				Three-component Model
			Psychiatrist on the Primary Care Clinic  Medical Staff
				Staff Consultant
				Parallel Care
				Collaborative Management
				Primary-care-driven Model
		Choosing the Right Model
		Conclusion
		Key References
		References
	Chapter 60: Psychiatric and Ethical Aspects of Care at the End of Life
		Key Points
		Overview
		Goals of Treatment
		The Role of the Psychiatrist
			Depression
			Anxiety
			Personality Considerations
			Delirium and Cognitive Changes
			Pain
			Psychosocial Considerations
		Challenges for Care Providers
		Ethics and End-of-Life Care
			Principles
			Limitation of Life-sustaining Treatment
			Physician-assisted Suicide
		Conclusion
		Key References
		References
Part XIII: Psychiatric Epidemiology and Statistics
	Chapter 61: Psychiatric Epidemiology
		Key Points
		Overview
		Epidemiological Measures of Disease Frequency
		Criteria for Assessment Instruments
			Assessment of New Instruments
			Study Designs
				Descriptive Studies
				Ecological Studies
				Cross-sectional Studies
				Case-control Studies
				Cohort Studies
				Randomized Controlled Trials
		Development of Assessment Tools
			Case Definition
			Standardized Instruments for Case Assessment
		Contemporary Studies in  Psychiatric Epidemiology
			The Baseline National Comorbidity Survey (NCS)
				The NCS General Findings
			NCS-Replication Survey
				Mental Health Services Utilization
			The European Study of the Epidemiology of Mental Disorders Project
				Epidemiology
				Under utilization of Health Services
		Epidemiology of Major Psychiatric Disorders
			Schizophrenia
				Epidemiology
				Risk Factors
			Bipolar I Disorder
				Epidemiology
				Risk Factors
				Co-morbidities
			Major Depressive Disorder
				Epidemiology
				Risk Factors
				Depression as the Cause of Disability
			Generalized Anxiety Disorder
				Epidemiology
				Risk Factors
			Panic Disorder
				Epidemiology
				Risk Factors
				Social Burdens of Panic
			Alcohol Abuse and Dependence
				Epidemiology
				Risk Factors
				Co-morbidity
		References
	Chapter 62: Statistics in Psychiatric Research
		Key Points
		Three Classes of Statistics in Psychiatric Research
			Concrete Examples of the Three Classes of Statistics in a Research Article
			Experiment-wise Error Rate
			Selecting an Appropriate Statistical Method
			The Importance of Assessing Statistical Power
		Statistical Terms and Their Definitions
			Analysis of Covariance
			Analysis of Variance
			Analysis of Variance with Repeated Measure(s)
			Bonferroni Correction
			Canonical Correlation
			Chi-Square (χ2) Test
			Cluster Analysis
			Confidence Interval
			Contingency Table Analysis by Chi-Square (χ2)
			Correlation
			Correlation Matrix
			Covariate
			Dependent t-Test
			Dependent Variable
			Descriptive Statistics
			Discriminant Function Analysis
			Effect Size
			End-point
			Experiment-wise Error Rate
			Factor Analysis
			Frequencies
			Intent-to-Treat Analysis
			Interaction Effect
			Level of Measurement
			Logistic Regression
			MANCOVA
			Mann–Whitney U Test
			MANOVA
			Mean
			Median
			Mediation
			Mixed-effect Model Repeated Measure Model
			Moderation
			Multiple Linear Regression
			Multivariate Analysis of Variance
			Multivariate Statistical Analysis
			Null Hypothesis
			Outcome Variable
			P-Value
			Pearson Correlation Coefficient
			Phi Correlation Coefficient
			Planned Comparisons
			Point-Biserial Correlation
			Power
			r
			Random Assignment
			Rank-Order Correlation
			Regression
			Reliability
			Rho
			Standard Deviation
			Statistical Analysis Software
			Statistical Power
			Tau
			t-Test
			t-Test for Dependent Means
			Univariate Statistical Analysis
			Validity
			Variance
		Current Controversies and  Future Directions
		Suggested Reading
Part XIV: Genetics and Psychiatry
	Chapter 63: Genetics and Psychiatry
		Key Points
		Overview
			Basic Organization of the Human Genome
			Genetic Variation and Polymorphism
			Linkage Disequilibrium and Haplotypes
			Gene Expression
			The Complex Genetic Architecture of  Psychiatric Disorders
			Approaches to the Study of Psychiatric Genetics
				Genetic Epidemiology
					Family Studies.
					Twin Studies.
					Adoption Studies.
					Linkage Analysis.
					Association Analysis.
			Candidate Gene Studies
			Genome-Wide Association Studies
			Copy Number Variants
			Whole-Exome Sequencing
			Gene–Environment Interaction
			Intermediate Phenotypes and Endophenotypes
		Genetics of Psychiatric Disorders
			Genetic Aspects of Psychopathology
			Disorders of Childhood and Adolescence
				Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder
					Genetic Epidemiology.
					Molecular Genetic Studies.
				Autism
					Genetic Epidemiology.
					Molecular Genetic Studies.
				Tourette Syndrome
					Genetic Epidemiology.
					Molecular Genetic Studies.
			Dementia
				Alzheimer’s Disease
					Genetic Epidemiology.
					Molecular Genetic Studies.
			Psychotic Disorders
				Schizophrenia
					Genetic Epidemiology.
					Molecular Genetic Studies.
			Mood Disorders
				Bipolar Disorder
					Genetic Epidemiology.
					Molecular Genetic Studies.
				Major Depressive Disorder
					Family Studies.
					Molecular Genetic Studies.
			Anxiety Disorders
				Panic Disorder
					Family Studies.
					Molecular Genetic Studies.
				Phobic Disorders
					Genetic Epidemiology.
					Molecular Genetics.
				Generalized Anxiety Disorder
					Genetic Epidemiology.
					Molecular Genetics.
				Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder
					Genetic Epidemiology.
					Molecular Genetic Studies.
			Substance Use Disorders
				Alcohol Abuse and Dependence
					Family Studies.
					Molecular Genetic Studies.
				Drug Abuse and Dependence
					Genetic Epidemiology.
					Molecular Genetic Studies.
		Pharmacogenetics
		Psychiatric Aspects of Medical  Genetic Disorders
			Psychiatric Symptoms Secondary to  Genetic Syndromes
		Selected Genetic Syndromes with Psychiatric and Behavioral Symptoms (Table 63-2)
			Disorders Due to Chromosomal Abnormalities and Microdeletions
				Klinefelter Syndrome
				Turner Syndrome
				Duplication 15
				Prader-Willi Syndrome
				Velocardiofacial Syndrome
				Smith-Magenis Syndrome
				Williams Syndrome
			Disorders Due to Single Gene Mutations
				Fragile X Syndrome
				Huntington Disease
				Rett Syndrome
				Tuberous Sclerosis
		Selected Inborn Errors of Metabolism with Psychiatric and Behavioral Symptoms (see Table 63-3)
			Autosomal Dominant Disorders
				Acute Intermittent Porphyria
			Autosomal Recessive Disorders
				Homocystinuria
				Metachromatic Leukodystrophy (Juvenile- or  Adult-onset Forms)
				Niemann-Pick, Type C
				Tay-Sachs, Late-onset Form
				Wilson Disease
			X-Linked Disorders
				Adrenoleukodystrophy
			Mitochondrial Disorders
		Conclusion
		Clinical Applications of  Psychiatric Genetics
		References
Part XV: Social and Community Psychiatry
	Chapter 64: Serious Mental Illness
		Key Points
		Overview
		Definition and Scope of the Problem
		Complications of Serious Mental Illness
		Comprehensive Assessment
		Treatment and Recovery Goals
			Establishing a Collaborative  Treatment Relationship
			Preventing Suicide
			Preventing Violence
			Preventing Late-stage Psychiatric Disease  and Disability
			Preventing Medical Morbidity and Mortality
			Reducing Substance Misuse
			Improving Quality of Life
		Ongoing Challenges
		Key References
		References
	Chapter 65: Aggression and Violence
		Key Points
		Overview
		Epidemiology and Risk Factors
		Pathophysiology
		Clinical Features and Diagnosis
			Medical Causes
			Psychiatric Causes
				Psychotic Disorders
				Affective Disorders
				Disruptive, Impulse-control, and Conduct Disorders
				Post-traumatic Stress Disorder
				Personality and Developmental Disorders
				Psychosocial Factors
		Assessment in the Acute Setting
			The Interview
			History
			Examination of the Violent Patient
		Management in the Acute Setting
		Strategies for Long-Term Management
		Current Controversies and  Future Considerations
		Key References
		References
	Chapter 66: Culture and Psychiatry
		Key Points
		Overview
		Cultural Assessment
			Determination of Cultural Identity of  the Individual
			Determination of Cultural Conceptualizations  of Distress
			Determination of Psychosocial Stressors  and Cultural Features of Vulnerability and Resilience
			Determination of the Cultural Features between the Individual and the Clinician
		Impact of Ethnicity on  Psychiatric Diagnosis
			Differences in Presentation of Illness
			Acculturation and Immigration
		Culture-Bound Syndromes (Cultural Concept of Distress)
		Working with Interpreters
			Recommendations When Working with Interpreters
		Ethnicity and Psychopharmacology
			Biological Aspects of Psychopharmacology
		Techniques to Minimize Cultural Clashes, Misdiagnosis, and Adverse Events
		References
	Chapter 67: Community Psychiatry
		Key Points
		Overview
		Terms and Definitions
			Related Fields
			Social and Public Health Terms
			Terms of Managed Care
		Historical Background
			The Age of Enlightenment
			Early Twentieth-century Awareness
			Mid-twentieth Century
			Birth of the American Community Mental  Health Movement
			Late Twentieth Century
			Start of the Twenty-first Century
		Underlying Principles of Community Mental Health
			Population Responsibility
			Prevention
			Community-based Care
			Continuity of Care
		Components and Services of Community Mental Health Systems
			Inpatient Care
			Partial Hospitalization
			Outpatient Services
			Emergency Services
			Community Consultation/Education
			Case Management
			Homeless Outreach
			Disaster or Trauma Response
			Evaluation and Research
		Trends
			Disenfranchisement
			Managed Care: The “Fourth  Psychiatric Revolution?”
			Primary Care
			Creative Solutions
		Conclusion
		Key References
		References
	Chapter 68: Managed Care and Psychiatry
		Key Points
		Overview
		The History of Mental Health Care Finance in the United States
		The Rise of Private Health Insurance
		The Community Mental Health Center Movement and Deinstitutionalization
		The Rise of Public Health Insurance: Medicare and Medicaid
		Insuring Mental Health Care: Moral Hazard, Adverse Selection, and the Rise of Managed Behavioral Carve-Outs
		Managed Care and the Rise of  “Carve-Out” Plans
		Recent Trends in  Mental Health Care Financing
			Gross Spending on Mental Health Care
			Sources of Health Care Expenditures
		Parity, Expansion of Coverage, and the Future of Mental Health Care in the United States
		Conclusion
		Key References
		References
Part XVI: Child Psychiatry
	Chapter 69: Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Disorders
		Key Points
		Overview
		Developmental Variations in Psychopathology
		Childhood Anxiety Disorders
			Separation Anxiety
				Treatment of Separation Anxiety
					Psychosocial Treatments for Separation Anxiety.
					Pharmacotherapy for Separation Anxiety.
			Obsessive-compulsive Disorder
				Treatment of Obsessive-compulsive Disorder
					Psychosocial Treatment of Obsessive-compulsive Disorder.
					Pharmacotherapy of Obsessive-compulsive Disorder.
			Generalized Anxiety Disorder
				Treatment of Generalized Anxiety Disorder
					Psychosocial Treatments for Generalized Anxiety Disorder.
					Pharmacotherapy for Pediatric Generalized Anxiety Disorder.
			Acute Stress Disorder/Post-traumatic  Stress Disorder
				Treatment of Acute Stress Disorder/Post-traumatic Stress Disorder
					Psychosocial Treatments of Acute Stress Disorder/Post-traumatic Stress Disorder.
					Pharmacotherapy for Acute Stress Disorder/Post-traumatic Stress Disorder.
		Tic Disorders
			Treatment of Tic Disorders
				Psychosocial Treatments for Tic Disorders
				Pharmacotherapy for Tic Disorders
		Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder
			Treatment of Attention-deficit/ Hyperactivity Disorder
				Psychosocial Treatments of Attention-deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder
				Pharmacotherapy of Attention-deficit/ Hyperactivity Disorder
		Oppositional Defiant Disorder
			Treatment of Oppositional Defiant Disorder
				Psychosocial Interventions
				Pharmacotherapy of Oppositional Defiant Disorder
		Mood Disorders
			Depression
				Treatment of Depressive Disorders
					Psychosocial Treatment of Juvenile Depression.
					Pharmacotherapy of Juvenile Depression.
				SSRI Antidepressants and Suicidality
				Clinical Use of SSRIs
			Disruptive Mood Dysregulation Disorder
			Bipolar Disorder
				Treatment of Pediatric Bipolar Disorders
					Psychosocial Treatments for Bipolar Disorder.
					Pharmacotherapy of Bipolar Disorder.
						Lithium.
						Anticonvulsants.
					Antipsychotics for Juvenile Bipolar Disorder.
		Autism Spectrum Disorder
			Treatment of Autism Spectrum
				Psychosocial Treatments for Autism Spectrum Disorder
				Pharmacotherapy of Autism Spectrum Disorder
		Psychotic Disorders
			Treatment of Childhood-onset Schizophrenia
				Psychosocial Treatments for Childhood- onset Schizophrenia
				Pharmacotherapy of Childhood-onset Schizophrenia
		Key References
		References
	Chapter 70: Psychiatric and Substance Use Disorders in Transitioning Adolescents and Young Adults
		Key Points
		Overview
		Salient Neurobiology of Transitioning Adolescents and Young Adults
		Epidemiology
		Substance Abuse in Transitioning Adolescents and Young Adults
			Medication Misuse in Transitioning Adolescents and Young Adults
			Signs and Symptoms of Prescription  Drug Abuse
			Treatment Issues
		Conclusion
		Acknowledgments
		Key References
		References
Part XVII: Geriatric Psychiatry
	Chapter 71: Geriatric Psychiatry
		Key Points
		Overview
		Mental Health Disorders Common in  Late Life
			Late-life Depression
			Late-life Depression and Suicide
			Alcoholism
			Anxiety
			Psychosis
			Dementia
				Behavioral and Psychological Symptoms of Dementia
			Schizophrenia
			Bipolar Disorder
			Personality Disorders
		Disasters
		Caregiver Stress and Burden
		Elder Abuse
		References
Part XVIII: Neuropsychiatry
	Chapter 72: Neuroanatomical Systems Relevant to Neuropsychiatric Disorders
		Key Points
		Overview
		Prefrontal Cortex
			Orbitofrontal Cortex
			Medial Prefrontal Cortex
			Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex
			Prefrontal Cortex: Summary and Conclusions
		Basal Ganglia
			Basal Ganglia Anatomy
				Nuclei
				Connections
				Basal-Ganglia-Thalamocortical Circuits or “Loops”
				Striatal Organization
				Pallidal Complex Organization
				Subthalamic Nucleus Organization
				Substantia Nigra Organization
			Basal Ganglia Function
				Overall
				Motor
				Cognition
				Affective and Reward-Related Functions
		Medial Temporal Lobe: Amygdala  and Hippocampus
			Amygdala Nuclear and Cellular Structure
			Intrinsic Amygdala Connections
			Extrinsic Amygdala Connections
				Outputs
				Inputs
			Functions of the Amygdala
			The Amygdala and Emotional Processing in Health and Psychiatric Disease
			Genetic and Neurotransmitter Associations of  the Amygdala
			Hippocampal and Parahippocampal  Cellular Structure
			Intrinsic Connections of the Medial Temporal Lobe Memory System
			Extrinsic Connections of the Medial Temporal Lobe Memory System
			Genetic Influences on the Medial Temporal  Lobe Memory System
			The Medial Temporal Lobe Memory System in Neuropsychiatric Disorders
		Conclusion
		References
	Chapter 73: The Neurological Examination
		Key Points
		Overview
		The Examination
			The Psychiatric Portion of the Mental  Status Examination
				Initial Observations of the Patient
					General Appearance.
					Behavioral Appearance.
					Speech.
					Mood and Affect.
					Thought Process.
					Thought Content.
					Perceptions.
					Insight/Awareness/Concern.
					Judgment.
			The Neurological Portion of the Cognitive  Mental Status Examination
				Level of Consciousness
				Attention
					Performance of Serial 7s.
					Spelling Tests.
					Other Tests.
				Language
					Comprehension.
					Repetition.
				Memory
					Immediate Recall.
					Short-term Memory.
					Long-term Memory.
				Visuospatial/Constructional Skills
				Describing the Results
					Cortical Sensory or Secondary Sensory Modalities.
					Double Simultaneous Stimulation.
					Abstraction.
					Praxis (Greek for “Action”).
					Executive Function.
			Principles of Interpretation of the Mental  Status Examination
		Cranial Nerves
			Olfaction (Cranial Nerve [CN] I)
			Optic Nerve (CN II)
				Visual Acuity (CN II)
				Visual Fields (CN II)
				Pupillary Responses (CNs II and III)
				Funduscopy (CN II) and the Retina
			Ocular Movements (CNs III, IV, and VI)
			Trigeminal Nerve (CN V)
				Muscles of Mastication
			Facial Nerve (CN VII)
			Vestibulocochlear Nerve (CN VIII)
			Glossopharyngeal and Vagus Nerves  (CNs IX and X)
				Speech (CNs IX and X)
				Palate (CNs IX and X)
			Spinal Accessory Nerve (CN XI)
			Hypoglossal Nerve (CN XII)
		Motor Examination
			Muscle Bulk
			Tone
			Strength
			Abnormal Movements
			Sensory Examination
			Coordination Testing
				Rapid Alternating Movements
				Heel to Shin
			Gait Testing
		Reflex Assessment
			Deep Tendon Reflexes
			Cutaneous or Superficial Reflexes
				Plantar Reflex
			Primitive Reflexes or Atavistic Reflexes (Mistakenly Called “Frontal Release Signs”)
		Key References
		References
	Chapter 74: Neuropsychiatric Principles and Differential Diagnosis
		Key Points
		General Principles of Neuropsychiatry
		Cognitive-Behavioral Neuroanatomy
			Cortical Networks
			Frontal-Subcortical Networks
		Neuropsychiatric Evaluation
			Neuroimaging
			Electroencephalogram
			Sleep Studies
			Lumbar Puncture for Cerebrospinal  Fluid Analysis
		Neuropsychiatric Differential Diagnosis
		Clinical Symptoms and Signs Suggesting Neurological or General Medical Conditions
		Treatment Principles
		Conclusions
		Key References
		References
	Chapter 75: Neuroimaging in Psychiatry
		Key Points
		Overview
		Structural Neuroimaging Modalities
			Computed Tomography
				Technology
				Contrast
				Clinical Utility
			Magnetic Resonance Imaging
				Technology
				Magnetic Resonance Contrast
				Clinical Utility
			Use of Structural Neuroimaging in Psychiatry
		Functional Neuroimaging Modalities
			Positron Emission Tomography
			Single-Photon Emission Computed Tomography
			Use of Functional Neuroimaging in Psychiatry
		Use of Neuroimaging in Psychiatric Research
			Structural Neuroimaging
			Functional Neuroimaging
		Conclusion
		References
	Chapter 76: Clinical Neurophysiology and Electroencephalography
		Key Points
		Overview
		The Normal Routine EEG
		EEG and Age
		EEG Abnormalities
			Non-epileptic EEG Abnormalities
			Epileptic EEG Abnormalities
		Clinical Utility of the EEG in Psychiatry
			The EEG in Delirium and Patients with an Altered Mental Status
			The Effect of Medications and Toxins on the EEG
			The EEG in Dementia and in Pseudodementia
			The EEG in Mood Disorders, Anxiety Disorders, and Obsessive-compulsive Disorder
			The EEG in Psychosis
		Quantitative EEG
		Evoked Potentials
		Nerve Conduction
			Peripheral Nerve Conduction Studies
				Sensory Nerve Conduction
				Motor Nerve Conduction
			Late Responses
		Electromyography
			Findings on the Electromyogram
				Acute Partial Injury (e.g., Partial Laceration of a Nerve)
				Chronic Partial Injury
				Complete Injury
				Myopathy
				Neuromuscular Junction Studies
		Key References
		References
	Chapter 77: Psychiatric Manifestations and Treatment of Seizure Disorders
		Key Points
		Overview
		Epidemiology and Risk Factors
		Pathophysiology
			Basic Mechanism and Genetics
		Classification of Seizures and Epilepsies
			Classification of Seizures
			Classification of Epilepsy by Etiology and Electro-clinical Syndrome
		Clinical Manifestation of Seizures
			Generalized Seizures
			Focal (Partial) Seizures
				Focal Motor Seizures
					Experiential Seizures, Epileptic Auras, and Ictal Hallucinations.
			The Post-ictal State
		Selected Epilepsies and Epileptic Syndromes
			Mesial Temporal Lobe Epilepsy
			Idiopathic/Genetic Generalized Epilepsy
			Status Epilepticus
		Evaluation of a Patient with a Seizure
			History
			Laboratory Investigations
			Electroencephalogram
			Neuroimaging
		Differential Diagnosis
			Psychogenic Non-epileptic Seizures
			Other Conditions Mimicking Seizures
		Treatment for Seizure Disorders
			Medical Treatment
			Surgery
			Vagus Nerve Stimulation
		Psychiatric Disturbances in Epilepsy
			Depression
			Psychosis
				Anxiety and Panic
		Neuropsychological Disturbances  in Epilepsy
			Cognitive Impairments
			Inter-ictal Personality Traits
		Supportive Care and Long-Term Management
		Key References
		References
	Chapter 78: Differential Diagnosis and Treatment of Headaches
		Key Points
		Overview
		Epidemiology and Risk Factors
		Genetics
		Pathophysiology
		Differential Diagnosis
		Headache “Red Flags”
		Other Secondary Headaches
		Treatment
		Headache Syndromes: Clinical  Features, Diagnosis, and Treatment
			Primary Headaches
				Tension-type Headaches
				Migraine
				Chronic Daily Headache
				Cluster Headaches
			Other Primary Headache Syndromes
		Secondary Headaches
			Post-traumatic Headache
			Intracranial Hemorrhage
			Subarachnoid Hemorrhage
			Aneurysm
			Intracranial Mass Lesions
			Ischemic Stoke
			Cerebral Venous Thrombosis
			Pheochromocytoma
			Acute and Chronic Meningitis
			Encephalitis
			Temporal Arteritis
			Trigeminal Neuralgia
			Medication-overuse Headaches
			Headaches due to Substances of Abuse
			Headaches due to Withdrawal from Substances
		Conclusion
		Key References
		References
		Suggested Reading
	Chapter 79: Pathophysiology, Psychiatric Co-morbidity, and Treatment of Pain
		Key Points
		Overview
		Epidemiology
		Pathophysiology of Pain Transmission
		Cortical Substrates for Pain and Affect
		Interactions between Pain and Psychopathology
		Pain Terminology
		Assessment of Pain
		Core Psychopathology and Pain-Related Psychological Symptoms
		Pain and Co-Morbid  Psychiatric Conditions
			Major Depression
				Symptoms
				Medication Treatment
					Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors.
					Other Antidepressants.
				Coping and Psychotherapy
			Anxiety Disorders
				Symptoms
				Treatment
				Antidepressants
			Somatoform Disorders
				Classification
				Symptom Presentation
				Treatment Concepts
				Conversion Disorder
				Hypochondriasis
				Pain Disorder
			Factitious Disorder with Physical Symptoms
		General Principals of  Multimodal Analgesia
			Major Medication Classes
				Non-steroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs
					Side Effects.
				Muscle Relaxants
				Tricyclic Antidepressants
				Serotonin-norepinephrine Reuptake Inhibitors
				Antiepileptic Drugs
				Opioids
			Treatment of Neuropathic Pain
				Sympathetically-Maintained Pain
		Treatment of Pain Behavior and the Use of Multidisciplinary Pain Clinics
		Rehabilitation
		Conclusions
		References
	Chapter 80: Psychiatric Aspects of Stroke Syndromes
		Key Points
		Overview
			Definition
			Anatomy of Cerebral Circulation
		Epidemiology/Risk Factors
			Epidemiology
			Risk Factors
				Risk-profile Generation
		Ischemic Stroke
			Types
			Clinical Presentation
			Differential Diagnosis
			Examination
			Diagnosis
			Treatment
				Acute Management
				Primary Prevention
				Secondary Prevention
			Prognosis
		Hemorrhagic Stroke
			Overview
				Intracerebral Hemorrhage
				Subarachnoid Hemorrhage
				Subdural Hematoma/Epidural Hematoma
			Clinical Presentation
			Differential Diagnosis
			History/Examination
			Diagnosis
			Treatment
			Prognosis
		Neuropsychiatric Sequelae of Stroke
			Acute Symptoms Following Stroke
				Post-stroke Delirium
				Post-stroke Mania
				Post-stroke Psychosis
				Other Syndromes
			Post-acute Symptoms Following Stroke
				Post-stroke Depression
				Post-stroke Anxiety
				Post-stroke Dementia
		Conclusion
		Key References
		References
		Suggested Reading
	Chapter 81: Movement Disorders
		Key Points
		Overview
		Pathophysiology
			Circuitry
			Pharmacology
			Electrophysiology
		Clinical Findings
			Patient History
			Physical Examination
				Hypokinetic Signs
					Rigidity.
					Bradykinesia.
				Mixed Signs
					Rest Tremor.
					Action Tremor.
					Dystonia.
				Hyperkinetic Signs
					Chorea and Athetosis.
					Dyskinesia.
					Akathisia.
					Tics.
					Myoclonus.
				Gait
		Movement Disorders with  Psychiatric Symptoms
			Hypokinetic Syndromes
				Idiopathic Parkinson’s Disease
					“Parkinson’s Personality”.
					Depression.
					Treatment-induced Mood Lability and Mania.
					Dementia.
					Psychosis.
				Atypical Parkinsonism
			Hyperkinetic Syndromes
				Huntington’s Disease
				Tourette’s Disorder
				Wilson’s Disease
				Action Tremors
		Drug-Induced Movement Disorders
			Acute Drug Reactions
				Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome
					Diagnosis.
					Treatment.
				Akathisia
				Acute Dystonia
				Drug-induced Ataxia
				Drug-induced Action Tremor
				Drug-induced Parkinsonism
			Tardive Drug Reactions
				Diagnosis.
				Treatment.
		Psychogenic Movement Disorders
			Pathophysiology
			Diagnosis
			Treatment
		Key References
		References
	Chapter 82: Psychiatric Manifestations of Traumatic Brain Disorder
		Key Points
		OVERVIEW
		Epidemiology and Risk Factors
		Pathophysiology
		Clinical Features
		Cognitive Impairment (Table 82-4)
		Personality and Behavioral Changes
		Psychiatric Disorders
		Diagnosis
		Evaluation
		Treatment
			Medications
				Antidepressants
				Anxiolytics
					Benzodiazepines.
				Antiepileptic Drugs
				Antipsychotics
				Stimulants
		Environmental Interventions
		Cognitive Rehabilitation
		Psychotherapy
		Conclusion
		Key References
		References
		WebSites
Part XIX: Law and Psychiatry
	Chapter 83: Intimate Partner Violence
		Key Points
		OVERVIEW
		Epidemiology
		Risk Factors for Victims and Perpetrators
		Clinical Presentation of Victims
		Clinical Presentation of Perpetrators
		The Nature of Violent Relationships
		Evaluation
		Differential Diagnosis
		Treatment Considerations
		Conclusion
		Key References
		References
	Chapter 84: Psychiatric Correlates and Consequences of Abuse and Neglect
		Key Points
		Overview
		Types of Abuse and Neglect
		Child Abuse and Neglect
			Types of Maltreatment
				Physical Abuse
				Emotional Abuse
				Neglect
					Emotional Neglect.
					Physical Neglect.
					Medical Neglect.
					Failure to Thrive.
					Educational Neglect.
			Epidemiology
			Risk Factors
				Child-associated Risk Factors
				Family-associated Risk Factors
				Environmental Characteristics
			Clinical Features of Abuse and Neglect
				Physical Abuse
				Emotional Abuse
				Neglect
			Treatment
				Parental Treatment
				Child Treatment
		Elder Abuse and Neglect
			Epidemiology and Risk Factors
			Detection and Reporting
			Treatment
		Key References
		References
		Suggested Reading
			Child and Adolescent
			Elderly
		Websites
			Child and Adolescent
			Elderly
	Chapter 85: Legal and Ethical Issues in Psychiatry I: Informed Consent, Competency, Treatment Refusal, and Civil Commitment
		Key Points
		Overview
		An Introduction to Interactions with the Legal System
		Basic Concepts
		Informed Consent
		Treatment Refusal
		Consent to Participate in Research
		Civil Commitment
			Civil Commitment of Sex Offenders
			Outpatient Commitment
		Conclusion
		Key References
		References
	Chapter 86: The Role of Psychiatrists in the Criminal Justice System
		Key Points
		OVERVIEW
		Criminal Competencies
		Competency to Plead, Decline Counsel, and Represent Oneself
		Competency to be Executed
		Criminal Responsibility
			Justification Defenses
			Excuse Defenses
				Ignorance
				Compulsion
					Duress.
					Extreme Passion.
					Compulsion Due to Addiction or Insanity.
		Lack of Criminal Responsibility
		Evaluations of Criminal Responsibility
		Demographics of the Insanity Defense
		Conclusion
		Key References
		References
	Chapter 87: Legal and Ethical Issues in Psychiatry II: Malpractice and Boundary Violations
		Key Points
		Overview
		The Medical Liability Climate
		Malpractice Liability
		Liability and Managed Care
		Selected Areas of Liability Risk in Psychiatry
			Assault, Battery, and False Imprisonment
			Misdiagnosis
			Failure to Treat
			Abandonment
			Liability for the Acts of Others
			Confidentiality and Privilege
			Psychotherapist–Patient Privilege
			Suicide
		Boundary Violations
		Reducing Malpractice Risk
		Conclusion
		Key References
		References
Part XX: Care in Special Settings
	Chapter 88: Emergency Psychiatry
		Key Points
		Overview
		Demographics
		Types of Delivery Models
		The Psychiatric Interview
		The Medical Evaluation
		The Safety Evaluation
		Psychiatric Symptoms and Presentations
			The Depressed Patient
			The Anxious Patient
			The Psychotic Patient
			The Manic Patient
			The Patient with Intoxication or Withdrawal
				Alcohol
				Benzodiazepines and Barbiturates
				Opiates
				Cocaine
				Crystal Methamphetamine
				Phencyclidine
				Marijuana and Herbal Marijuana Alternatives
				Bath Salts
			The Patient with a Change in Mental Status
			The Agitated Patient
		Management of Acute Symptoms
			Environmental Intervention
			Psychological Intervention
			Intervention with Medication
			Restraint and Seclusion
			Treatment after the Acute Crisis
		Special Populations
			The Personality-Disordered Patient
			The Grieving Patient
			Victims of Domestic Violence and Trauma
			The Homeless Patient
		Emergency Assessment of Children
			Demographics
			Basic Principles
			The Evaluation
			Management
		Legal Responsibilities of the  Emergency Psychiatrist
			Capacity Evaluation
			Confidentiality and Release of Information
			Civil Commitment
			Mandatory Reporting
		Role of the Psychiatrist in Disaster Preparation
		References
	Chapter 89: Rehabilitation Psychiatry
		Key Points
		Overview
		Psychiatric Complications that Arise in the Context of Chronic Medical Illness and Rehabilitation
		Problems that May Occur During Rehabilitation
		The Rehabilitation Environment
		Common Psychiatric Problems in Patients Undergoing Rehabilitation and in Those with Chronic Medical Illnesses
		Some Disabling Neurological Conditions and Their Potential Impact on Psychiatric Diagnosis and Treatment
		Depression, Cardiovascular Disease and Cardiac Rehabilitation
			Pathophysiology
			Diagnosis
			Rehabilitation
			Treatment
			Smoking
		Diagnostic Dilemmas
		Issues in Patients Receiving Psychiatric Care Who are Also Likely Receiving Rehabilitative Services
		Making the Connection
		Key References
		References
	Chapter 90: Military Psychiatry
		Key Points
		Overview
		Psychiatric Syndromes in the Immediate Aftermath of Military Operations and Terrorist Events
			Delirium
			Depression
			Acute Stress Disorder and Post-traumatic  Stress Disorder
			Somatic Symptom Disorder and Illness Anxiety Disorder (Formerly Hypochondriasis)
			Unexplained Physical Symptoms and  Conversion Symptoms
			Dissociation and Dissociative Disorders
			Battle Fatigue and Operational Stress
		Effects of Resuscitative Medications
		Confidence in a Potentially  Toxic Environment
		Levels of Clinical Prevention and Intervention: Symptoms Versus Function
		Factors Related to Development of Psychiatric Disorders Among Service Members Exposed to Combat or Terrorist Attack
			Neurobiological Factors
			Predisposing Factors
			Protective Factors
			Precipitating Factors
			Mitigating or Perpetuating Factors
		Management and Care Delivery
			General Principles
			Therapeutic Interventions in  Psychiatric Casualties
		Military Psychiatric Care in Peacetime
		Ethical Challenges
		Conclusion
		References
	Chapter 91: Disaster Psychiatry
		Key Points
		Overview
		History
			Disaster Psychiatry
		Clincal and Research Challenges
			Preparation for a Disaster
			Systems
			Staged Disaster Intervention
			Practical Pointers
				Victims of Disaster
				Cultural Awareness
				Resiliency
				Diagnosis
				General Principles of Intervention and Treatment
				Psychopharmacology
				Psychotherapy
				Critical Incident Stress Debriefing
				Psychological First Aid
		Conclusion
		References
		Suggested Reading
		Websites
Part XXI: Preparing for the Future
	Chapter 92: Coping with the Rigors of Psychiatric Practice
		Key Points
		Overview
		Epidemiology
		Etiologies for Stress and Burnout
			Frequent Encounters with Distress
			Ethical Dilemmas
			Transference and Countertransference
			The Perception of Failure
			Controlling Affect
			Responsibility and Uncertainty
			Disruption of Social Relationships
			Delayed Gratification
			Being the Caregiver
			Financial Stress
		Special Situations in Psychiatry
			Coping with Patient Suicide
				A Profound and Enduring Effect
				Reactions to Suicide
				Coping
				Treating Dying Patients
			Coping with Boundary Crossings  and Violations
				Boundary Violations
				Decreasing Vulnerability
			Coping with Malpractice Litigation
				Protecting Yourself
				Coping with a Lawsuit
			Coping with Residency Training
		When the Cobbler’s Children  Have No Shoes
			Denial of Vulnerability
			Negation of Personal and Familial Concerns
			Deferment of Seeking Help
			How to Recognize Stress in Oneself
		Healing the Wounded Healer
			Be Your Own Most Important Patient
				Process Experiences Regularly
				Review Your Own History and Keep a List of  Methods That Work
				Decrease Vulnerability to Stress
				Mentally Rehearse Potential Problems
				Engage in Directed Fantasy
				Cultivate and Maintain Professional and  Personal Relationships
				Communicate with Family and Friends about Anticipated Unavailability
				Enjoy Your Achievements and Your Goals
				Learn and Practice Relaxation Techniques
				Maintain a Pleasurable Existence
			When to Seek Consultation
			Types of Professional Help
				Psychotherapy
				Psychopharmacology
				Couples Therapy
				Group Therapy
				Autognosis Rounds
		Conclusion
		Acknowledgment
		References
		Suggested Reading
	Chapter 93: Psychiatry and the Media
		Key Points
		Overview
		How the Mass Media Affect Public Understanding of Mental Illness
		How Mass Media Interventions Can Affect Stigma
		Effects of Mass Media on Suicide
		Effects of Media Content on  Children’s Behavior
		Media Literacy: Advising Parents on Media Use
		The Media as Part of the  Psychiatric Interview
		The Use of Mass Media to Educate and Counteract Stigma
		Key References
		References
	Chapter 94: Global Mental Health in the Twenty-first Century
		Key Points
		Overview
		The Cost of Mental Illness
		The Prevalence of Mental Disorders
		Ethiopia and Mental Health in the Developing World: an Example of Global Mental Health
		Primary Care Mental Health Services  in the Developing World
		The Ethiopian Public Health  Training Initiative
		Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
		Psychiatry in Areas of Conflict
		Definitions of Torture
			Types and Purpose of Torture
			Medical and Psychiatric Effects of Torture
			Medical and Psychiatric Treatment for  Torture Survivors
				Ask about the Patient’s Trauma Story
				Identify Concrete Physical and Mental Effects
				Diagnose and Treat
					Use of Screening Instruments for Treatment of Psychiatric Diagnosis.
					Psychiatric Treatment.
				Refer
				Reinforce and Teach
				Recommend Work, Altruism, and Spirituality
				Reduce High-risk Behaviors
				Be Culturally Attuned in Communicating  and Prescribing
				Prescribe
					Identify Target Symptoms.
					Pay Attention to the Patient’s “Explanatory Model.”
					Use Counseling.
					Keep the Medication Regimen Simple.
					Pay Attention to Ethnic Differences in Metabolism of, and Response to, Medication.
				Schedule Follow-up Visits
				Prevent Burnout
			Evaluation
		Psychiatric Research in  the Developing World
		World Health Organization Mental Health Global Action Program
		Conclusion
		Key References
		References
Index
	A
	B
	C
	D
	E
	F
	G
	H
	I
	J
	K
	L
	M
	N
	O
	P
	Q
	R
	S
	T
	U
	V
	W
	X
	Y
	Z




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