Marine Genetic Resources 1

Content: Cover
 Half-Title Page
 Title Page
 Copyright Page
 Contents
 Foreword
 Introduction
 1. The Scientific Representation of the Living World: A Dual Concept Between Nature's and Humans' Shares
 1.1. Natural sciences: the given living world
 1.1.1. Taxonomy: the observation of the living world
 1.1.2. Systematics: the identification of the living world
 1.2. Life sciences: the constructed living world
 1.2.1. Biological sciences: the exploration of the living world
 1.2.2. Bio-technosciences: the instrumentalization of the living world
 Part 1. Singular Objects Moving Toward Reservation. 2. Exploitable Raw Materials2.1. Genetic material: natural resources defined according to their conditions of appropriation
 2.1.1. Appropriable natural things
 2.1.2. Things on the verge of exclusive appropriation
 2.2. Marine genetic resources: biological resources defined according to their destination
 2.2.1. Traditional marine living resources exploited for food and industrial purposes
 2.2.2. New marine biological resources searched for the purposes of scientific and biotechnological valorization
 3. Patentable Biotechnological Inventions. 3.1. The patentability of life of any origin: an established principle3.1.1. The uncontested patentability of inventions of microorganic origin
 3.1.2. The logical acceptance of the patentability of inventions of macroorganic origin
 3.2. The patentability of life in all its forms: a questionable reality
 3.2.1. An overall commodification of the living world
 3.2.2. A gradual privatization of research in life sciences
 Part 2. Global Objects Moving Toward Sharing
 4. Residual Res Communes
 4.1. Res communes due to disinterest
 4.1.1. Non-appropriable things as a matter of principle. 4.1.2. Things of common use4.2. Common resources at risk
 4.2.1. The tragedy of the genetic pool
 4.2.2. The tragedy of the scientific "anticommons"
 5. Reconstructing the Commons
 5.1. Renewal of the commons in a context of global interdependencies
 5.1.1. Global public goods: a theoretical and global approach to the commons
 5.1.2. Common-pool resources: a concrete and nuanced approach to the commons
 5.2. An attempt to apply renewed figures of the commons to marine biodiversity and associated knowledge
 5.2.1. A desirable communitarization
 5.2.2. A communitarization difficult to implement. ConclusionAPPENDICES
 Appendix 1. Classical Marine Bioprospecting: Biochemistry and Genetic Engineering
 Appendix 2. Modern Marine Bioprospecting: Metagenomics
 Appendix 3. The Drug Research and Development Steps
 Appendix 4. Risk Assessment in the Bioprospecting Process
 Appendix 5. Aleatory Component Comparison in Fishing and Bioprospecting
 Appendix 6. Patent Claims Over Genes of Marine Origin
 Appendix 7. Illustrative Database on Marine Biotechnological Innovations
 Bibliography
 Index
 Other titles from iSTE in Ecological Science
 EULA.