Marble Past, Monumental Present: Building With Antiquities in the Mediaeval Mediterranean (The Medieval Mediterranean)

CONTENTS......Page 6
Overview......Page 12
Layout of the Printed Book......Page 13
The DVD......Page 14
Acknowledgments......Page 18
PART ONE SETTING THE SCENE......Page 20
The Mediterranean: a lake surrounded by marble......Page 22
New marble architecture from prestige materials......Page 29
Population increase, laziness, cost-accounting and building with antiquities......Page 34
Knowledge and utility of the past......Page 36
Evidence, documentation and the search for meaning(s)......Page 39
Religious and secular uses of marble......Page 44
But what is marble?......Page 45
Geographical and chronological span of this book, and its layout......Page 48
The City of Rome from Augustus to Constantine......Page 52
Marble in the later Empire......Page 58
\"Beautiful new monuments replace ugly ruins\"......Page 62
The Transformation of the Ancient World......Page 69
Marble in Early Christian Italy......Page 71
Byzantium......Page 86
Marble new and re-used, colonnades and colour......Page 88
Constantinople......Page 90
Ravenna......Page 98
Conclusion: marble and pilgrimage......Page 100
PART TWO LOGISTICS AND FASHIONS......Page 106
Introduction......Page 108
Quarrying in the Middle Ages: the outline argument......Page 109
Evidence for mediaeval quarrying......Page 112
Antique stockpiles of classical marbles......Page 130
Stockpiles of classical marbles made in mediaeval centuries......Page 139
Transport by sea......Page 143
Transport by land......Page 150
Preparation of marbles......Page 155
Conclusion......Page 157
Introduction: another method of acquisition......Page 160
Overview of trophy-looting......Page 163
Pisa, Genoa and Mahdiya......Page 171
Christians and Muslims in Jerusalem......Page 178
Conclusion......Page 186
Introduction......Page 188
Marble, polished and squared......Page 189
Different sources of re-used materials......Page 193
Different types of re-used materials......Page 201
Types of buildings using marble......Page 231
Conclusion......Page 250
PART THREE SURVEYS OF THE ISLAMIC AND CHRISTIAN WORLDS......Page 252
Byzantine North Africa......Page 254
Constantinople......Page 258
Anatolia and Greece......Page 260
Conclusion......Page 271
Introduction......Page 274
Difficulties in investigating early Islamic architecture\n......Page 280
Large building projects......Page 285
Grandeur and ashes: ruination and re-use......Page 291
Jerusalem from Herod to Islam......Page 294
Mecca and Medina......Page 307
Damascus......Page 310
Córdoba......Page 315
Seville and Granada......Page 329
Kairouan, Mahdiya and Tunis......Page 332
Baghdad and Samarra......Page 340
Conclusion......Page 343
Introduction......Page 346
Building with marble before Charlemagne......Page 348
Charlemagne and marble use......Page 352
Charlemagne and the Islamic world......Page 363
Aachen as a response to Islam......Page 372
Conclusion......Page 377
Appendix: Ambassadorial etc. exchanges East and West......Page 378
Introduction......Page 382
Early Christian revivals and the Liber Pontificalis\n......Page 384
Making do, but aesthetically: revivals in Rome after the millennium......Page 389
San Vincenzo al Volturno......Page 394
Benevento and elsewhere: marble monuments displayed on churches......Page 397
Genoa......Page 402
Modena......Page 406
Sicily: Palermo and Monreale......Page 411
Amalfi, Montecassino and Salerno\n......Page 419
Apulia: Bari and Trani......Page 429
Pisa......Page 430
Venice......Page 440
The Gate at Capua, and Frederick II\'s antiquities......Page 458
Conclusion......Page 461
Introduction......Page 466
Alexandria and marble for Cairo......Page 467
The Coptic Church and marble......Page 471
Cairo/Fustat......Page 473
Aleppo and Damascus under Abbasids and Mamluks......Page 487
The Seljuks in Anatolia......Page 491
Ottoman Bursa, Manisa and Istanbul......Page 493
Conclusion......Page 500
Introduction......Page 502
Before the millennium......Page 503
After the millennium......Page 513
Problems with Glaber\'s \"White Mantle of Churches\"......Page 515
Christian Spain......Page 520
Santiago de Compostela......Page 527
Building with antiquities in Roman France......Page 529
Arles......Page 530
Narbonne......Page 537
Conclusion......Page 540
CONCLUSION & BIBLIOGRAPHY......Page 542
The Middle Ages and the ancient landscape......Page 544
Re-used marble and new monuments......Page 546
Food for thought......Page 547
The significance of marble use in the Middle Ages\n......Page 549
Abbreviations of frequently cited works......Page 550
The Mediterranean in architecture, war and commerce......Page 553
Building materials and techniques (excluding marble)......Page 554
Imperial Rome......Page 555
Transformation of the Roman World......Page 557
Pilgrimage and Shrines......Page 559
Byzantium and her Empire......Page 560
Mediaeval Europe......Page 565
Mediaeval Rome......Page 566
Egypt......Page 570
France......Page 572
Islam (more than one country)......Page 576
Italian Peninsula......Page 579
Marble and related stones and their Impact......Page 580
North Africa excluding Egypt......Page 583
Northern Italy except Pisa, Genoa and Venice......Page 586
Pisa, Genoa and Venice......Page 589
Southern Italy and Sicily......Page 594
Spain......Page 599
Re-use of Earlier materials......Page 605
Syria and the Near East......Page 607
Charlemagne to the Hohenstaufen......Page 612
Travellers\' Accounts (more than one area)......Page 615
Turkey (excluding Byzantium)......Page 616
England......Page 617
General Index......Page 620
Index of Marble......Page 634
Illustrations......Page 638