Mapping Human and Natural Systems

Mapping Human and Natural Systems
Copyright
Dedication
Contents
Preface
	References
1 Maps
	Maps as Models
	Maps as Memories
	Maps as Inspiration
	Maps as Products
	Concluding Remarks
	References
2 Map Types
	Traditional Types of Maps
		Thematic Map
		Choropleth Map
		Isopleth Map
		Isarithmic Map
		Hypsometric Map
		Dasymetric Map
		Planimetric Map
		Base Map
	Specific Types of Maps
		World Maps
		Navigation Maps
		Nautical Charts
		Location Maps
		Geologic Maps
		Topographic Maps
		Bathymetric Maps
		Property Maps
		Soil Maps
		Vegetation/Forest Maps
		Zoogeographic Maps
		Environmental Maps
		Weather Maps
		Planning Maps
		Noise Maps
		Flow Maps
		Historical Maps
		Three-dimensional and Tactile Maps
		Informal and Creative Maps
		Digital Maps
	Concluding Remarks
	References
3 Map Components
	Map Title
	Orientation of the Landscape
	Scale
	Symbols
	Legend
	Labels and Text Annotation
	Insets
	Neat Line
	Reference Information
	Warranties, Disclaimers, Copyrights, Caveats, and Discrimination Statements
	Backdrop
	Concluding Remarks
	References
4 Map Reference Systems
	Coordinate Systems
		Latitude and Longitude
		Plane Coordinates
		Universal Transverse Mercator System
		Metes and Bounds Surveys
		Other Coordinate Systems
	Datum
	Map Projection Systems
		Cylindrical Projections
		Pseudocylindrical Projections
		Conic Projections
		Pseudoconic Projections
		Azimuthal Projections
		Other Map Projections
	Map Grids or Indexes
	Concluding Remarks
	References
5 Map Interpretation
	Scale
		Representative Fraction Scale
		Equivalence Scale
		Graphical Scale
	Elevation
	Slope
	Direction and Orientation
	Aspect
	Relief
	Distance
	Area
	Message
	Concluding Remarks
	References
6 Map Colors
	Color Models
		RGB Model
		CMYK Model
		HEX System
		HSV and HSL Models
		What You See is What You Get?
	Color Schemes
	Color Distance
	Color Order Systems
	Color Psychology
	Color Blindness
	Concluding Remarks
	References
7 Map Development and Generalization
	Drawing a Map by Hand
	Developing a Map in a Geographic Information System or Online Mapping System
	Generalizing Landscape Features
	Rendering Digital Maps on Computers and Devices
	Concluding Remarks
	References
8 Map Errors
	Common Types of Map Errors
		Omission and Commission Errors
		Gross, Random, and Systematic Errors
		Quantity and Location Errors
	Scale and Generalization Errors
		Consistency and Completeness Errors
	Map Accuracy
		Positional Accuracy
		Thematic Accuracy
	Map Standards
	Assessment of Mapping Skills
	Concluding Remarks
	References
9 Maps in Popular Culture
	Maps as Expressions of Human Condition
	Maps in Cinema
	Maps in Television
	Maps in Music
	Maps in Newsprint
	Maps in Magazines and Books
	Maps in Advertising
	Maps on Digital Devices
	Maps in Video Gaming
	Concluding Remarks
	References
Index