Managing Volunteers in Tourism: Attractions, destinations and events

Copyright Page......Page 5
Dedications......Page 6
Contents......Page 8
List of Boxed Examples......Page 16
List of Figures......Page 17
List of Tables......Page 18
List of Further Examples......Page 19
Currency Converter......Page 22
Contributors......Page 23
Introduction......Page 26
Introduction......Page 28
What is Volunteering?......Page 29
The Language of Tourism Volunteering: A Note on Terminology......Page 31
Global Participation in Volunteering......Page 32
Trends in Volunteering......Page 35
International, transnational or cross-national volunteering......Page 36
Volunteer tourism......Page 37
VolunTourism......Page 38
Gap year volunteering......Page 39
Episodic volunteering......Page 40
Family and intergenerational volunteering......Page 41
Corporate, workplace, employee or employer-supported volunteering......Page 42
Conclusion......Page 43
International volunteering......Page 44
Corporate or employee volunteering......Page 45
Introduction......Page 46
Tourism Volunteers As Hosts And Guests......Page 47
Natural attractions......Page 50
Involvement of volunteers at attractions......Page 51
Host volunteers: destination service organizations......Page 53
Host volunteers: events......Page 54
Major events......Page 55
Involvement of volunteers at events......Page 56
Guests: volunteer tourism......Page 57
Shallow VolunTourism and short-term volunteer vacations......Page 60
Intermediate tourism volunteering – volunteer vacations......Page 61
Paying to volunteer as a tourist......Page 62
The Volunteer Contribution......Page 64
Model Of Tourism Volunteer Engagements......Page 65
Researching Tourism Volunteering......Page 67
Conclusion......Page 69
Further Examples......Page 70
INTRODUCTION......Page 72
OUTCOMES FOR THE VOLUNTEER......Page 73
OUTCOMES FOR THE ORGANIZATION......Page 77
Visitors and spectators......Page 80
Communities......Page 82
OUTCOMES FOR SOCIETY......Page 85
CONCLUSION......Page 86
RESOURCES......Page 88
INTRODUCTION......Page 90
INTRODUCTION......Page 94
Organization: how does the volunteer program relate to the wider organization?......Page 95
Role specification: what will volunteers do?......Page 97
Review: how will the program be evaluated?......Page 99
HOST VOLUNTEERS: DESTINATION SERVICE ORGANIZATIONS......Page 100
GUESTS: VOLUNTEER TOURISM......Page 101
REFLECTIONS ON VOLUNTEER PROGRAM DESIGN......Page 104
PRINCIPLES FOR GOOD PRACTICE......Page 105
FURTHER EXAMPLE......Page 106
INTRODUCTION......Page 108
HOST VOLUNTEERS: ATTRACTIONS......Page 109
HOST VOLUNTEERS: DESTINATION SERVICE ORGANIZATIONS......Page 111
HOST VOLUNTEERS: EVENTS......Page 112
GUESTS: VOLUNTEER TOURISM......Page 114
REFLECTIONS ON MOTIVATING VOLUNTEERS......Page 116
DISCUSSION QUESTIONS......Page 118
RESOURCE......Page 119
INTRODUCTION......Page 120
HOST VOLUNTEERS: ATTRACTIONS......Page 122
HOST VOLUNTEERS: DESTINATION SERVICEORGANIZATIONS......Page 123
HOST VOLUNTEERS: EVENTS......Page 125
GUESTS: VOLUNTEER TOURISM......Page 128
REFLECTIONS ON RECRUITING AND SELECTINGVOLUNTEERS......Page 131
FURTHER EXAMPLE......Page 132
RESOURCES......Page 133
Introduction......Page 134
HOST VOLUNTEERS: ATTRACTIONS......Page 135
HOST VOLUNTEERS: DESTINATION SERVICE ORGANIZATIONS......Page 138
HOST VOLUNTEERS: EVENTS......Page 139
GUESTS: VOLUNTEER TOURISM......Page 140
REFLECTIONS ON TRAINING AND DEVELOPING VOLUNTEERS......Page 142
PRINCIPLES FOR GOOD PRACTICE......Page 143
RESOURCES......Page 144
INTRODUCTION......Page 146
HOST VOLUNTEERS: ATTRACTIONS......Page 150
HOST VOLUNTEERS: DESTINATION SERVICE ORGANIZATIONS......Page 152
HOST VOLUNTEERS: EVENTS......Page 153
GUESTS: VOLUNTEER TOURISM......Page 155
REFLECTIONS ON REWARDING AND RETAINING VOLUNTEERS......Page 158
RESOURCES......Page 160
INTRODUCTION......Page 162
VOLUNTEER HOSTS: ATTRACTIONS......Page 165
VOLUNTEER HOSTS: DESTINATION SERVICE ORGANIZATIONS......Page 167
GUESTS: VOLUNTEER TOURISM......Page 168
REFLECTIONS ON MANAGING DIVERSITY......Page 170
DISCUSSION QUESTIONS......Page 172
RESOURCES......Page 173
TOURISM VOLUNTEERING IN ALL ITS FORMS......Page 174
TRENDS IN VOLUNTEERING AND THE IMPLICATIONS FOR TOURISM VOLUNTEERING......Page 175
Demographic change......Page 176
Increased choice and time pressures......Page 177
Corporate or employee volunteering......Page 178
AN ORGANIZATIONAL APPROACH TO TOURISM VOLUNTEERING......Page 179
ETHICAL ISSUES......Page 181
CONCLUDING COMMENTS......Page 182
Introduction......Page 184
KEY POINTS......Page 186
Australian War Memorial......Page 187
Australian War Memorial......Page 188
Australian Museum......Page 190
Art Gallery of New South Wales......Page 191
KEY ISSUES FOR VOLUNTEER MANAGEMENT......Page 193
Integration of the volunteer program into the wider organization......Page 194
A model for volunteer management......Page 195
CONCLUSION......Page 197
FURTHER INFORMATION......Page 198
KEY POINTS......Page 200
OVERVIEW OF THE NATIONAL TRUSTS......Page 201
OVERVIEW OF DR KOMAI’S RESIDENCE AND SMALLHYTHE PLACE......Page 202
OVERVIEW OF THE VOLUNTEER PROGRAMS......Page 203
Cultural volunteers in two countries......Page 204
Recruitment......Page 205
Induction and training......Page 206
The volunteer–manager relationship......Page 207
DISCUSSION QUESTIONS......Page 208
FURTHER INFORMATION......Page 209
KEY POINTS......Page 210
OVERVIEW OF THE St. JOHN RIVER SOCIETY......Page 211
OVERVIEW OF THE SJRS VOLUNTEER PROGRAM......Page 212
KEY ISSUES FOR VOLUNTEER MANAGEMENT......Page 213
Lack of human and financial resources......Page 214
Board absenteeism and inactivity......Page 215
Tensions between board subsections......Page 216
The role of changing processes and mechanisms for management......Page 217
CONCLUSION......Page 218
FURTHER INFORMATION......Page 219
KEY POINTS......Page 220
OVERVIEW OF THE VANCOUVER INTERNATIONAL CHILDREN’S FESTIVAL VOLUNTEER PROGRAM......Page 221
Volunteer roles, allocation and choice......Page 222
Continuity of planning and management......Page 224
The key volunteers......Page 225
Style of leadership......Page 226
CONCLUSION......Page 227
FURTHER INFORMATION......Page 228
Key Points......Page 230
OVERVIEW OF THE KONGSBERG JAZZ FESTIVAL VOLUNTEER PROGRAM......Page 231
Recruitment......Page 232
Volunteer motivation......Page 234
Continuance commitment......Page 235
Volunteering as a context for generation of general skills......Page 237
CONCLUSION......Page 238
FURTHER INFORMATION......Page 239
OVERVIEW OF THE 2006 MELBOURNE COMMONWEALTH GAMES......Page 240
OVERVIEW OF THE 2006 MELBOURNE COMMONWEALTH GAMES VOLUNTEER PROGRAM......Page 243
Managing demand for volunteer opportunities......Page 244
Allocating roles and responsibilities......Page 245
Managing the legacy of the Commonwealth Games volunteer program......Page 246
CONCLUSION......Page 247
FURTHER INFORMATION......Page 248
KEY POINTS......Page 250
OVERVIEW OF NEWHAM VOLUNTEERS......Page 251
Meeting the needs of both episodic and long-term volunteers......Page 253
Giving volunteers clear expectations......Page 254
Giving event managers clear expectations and encouraging good practice......Page 256
Management style – ‘program management’ or developing volunteers through the program?......Page 257
CONCLUSION......Page 259
FURTHER INFORMATION......Page 260
KEY POINTS......Page 262
OVERVIEW OF BTCV......Page 263
OVERVIEW OF BTCV’S INTERNATIONAL CONSERVATION HOLIDAY PROGRAM......Page 264
OVERVIEW OF BTCV VOLUNTEER CONSERVATION HOLIDAYS IN LESOTHO......Page 266
The politics of development work......Page 267
Volunteer leader skill and responsibility levels......Page 268
Managing volunteer expectations......Page 270
Continuing the relationship......Page 273
FURTHER INFORMATION......Page 274
Key points......Page 276
OVERVIEW OF GREENFORCE......Page 277
OVERVIEW OF GREENFORCE’S VOLUNTEER PROGRAM......Page 278
OVERVIEW OF ANDROS MARINE CONSERVATION PROJECT, THE BAHAMAS......Page 279
Changing market for gap year volunteering......Page 280
Negative press for gap year programs......Page 281
Keeping volunteers motivated throughout the project......Page 284
DISCUSSION QUESTIONS......Page 286
FURTHER INFORMATION......Page 287
KEY POINTS......Page 288
OVERVIEW OF THE WWOOF NETWORK......Page 289
OVERVIEW OF THE WWOOF VOLUNTEER PROGRAM IN NEW ZEALAND......Page 291
The need for mutual cooperation between hosts and volunteers......Page 293
Matching the motivations of hosts and volunteers......Page 294
The importance of good communication between hosts and volunteers......Page 295
DISCUSSION QUESTIONS......Page 296
FURTHER INFORMATION......Page 297
References......Page 298
C......Page 316
E......Page 317
I......Page 318
N......Page 319
P......Page 320
S......Page 321
V......Page 322
W......Page 323
Z......Page 324