Management and Sustainable Development of Coastal Zone Environments

Cover......Page 1
Management and Sustainable\rDevelopment of Coastal Zone\rEnvironments......Page 3
ISBN 9789048130672......Page 4
Foreword\r......Page 6
Preface\r......Page 10
About the Editors\r......Page 13
Table of Contents \r......Page 16
SECTION 1\rEvaluation, Status Prediction,\rModelling and Developments of\rCoastal Zones: Management Issues......Page 20
1. INTRODUCTION......Page 22
1.2 What is Sustainability?......Page 23
1.3 Modelling the Earth System......Page 24
1.4 Earth System Prediction......Page 25
1.5 Observing the Earth System for Sustainable Management......Page 26
2. OBSERVATIONS FOR SUSTAINABLE COASTAL MANAGEMENT......Page 27
2.1 Observing the Natural-human System......Page 28
2.2 Observing the Coast from Microbes to Man......Page 30
2.3 A Prototype Regional Earth System Prediction for an Estuary......Page 31
2.4 Model-data Synthesis for Sustainable Management......Page 32
REFERENCES......Page 33
1. INTRODUCTION......Page 38
2. COASTAL ECOSYSTEM MANAGEMENT AND MODELLING......Page 39
3. STATISTICAL ECOSYSTEM MODELLING......Page 40
4.1.1 Hydrostatic Models......Page 42
4.1.2 Non-hydrostatic Models......Page 44
4.2 Lower Trophic Level Modelling......Page 45
4.3 Higher Trophic Level Food Web Modelling......Page 47
4.4 Sediment Flux Modelling......Page 48
5.1 Marshes, Wetlands and Mangroves......Page 50
5.2 Data Assimilation......Page 51
5.3 Submerged Aquatic Vegetation Modelling......Page 52
5.4 Model Skill Assessment......Page 53
6. CONCLUSION AND FUTURE DIRECTIONS......Page 54
REFERENCES......Page 55
1. INTRODUCTION......Page 61
2. STATUS OF INDIAN COASTAL ENVIRONMENT......Page 62
3. IMPACT OF SEA LEVEL RISE ON THE INDIAN COASTAL ENVIRONMENT......Page 65
4. MAJOR INITIATIVES FOR PROTECTION OF MARINE AND COASTAL ENVIRONMENT IN INDIA......Page 69
4.1 Implementation of the CRZ Notification......Page 70
4.2 Current Status of the CRZ......Page 71
4.3.1 The CZM Notification – Conservation......Page 72
4.3.3 The CZM Notification – Livelihoods......Page 73
REFERENCES......Page 74
1. INTRODUCTION......Page 77
2.1 Participatory Governance of the Common Resources......Page 78
2.2 Case Studies on Individual, Community and Systematic Capability Approach......Page 79
3. COASTAL FOREST RESOURCES MANAGEMENT THROUGH SCIENTIFIC APPROACH......Page 81
4. COASTAL LAND RESOURCES MANAGEMENT THROUGH PARTICIPATORY APPROACH......Page 83
5. CREATE MECHANISMS TO ENSURE STAKEHOLDERS’ PARTICIPATION IN BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION AT LOCAL LEVEL......Page 84
6.2 CWSM – With Special Reference to Shrimp Cultivation......Page 85
6.3 CWSM – With Special Reference to Coastal Embankments and Its Erosion Control......Page 86
6.4 CWSM – With Special Reference to Joint Coastal Forest Management......Page 87
7. CONCLUSIONS......Page 88
REFERENCES......Page 90
1. INTRODUCTION......Page 92
2. FACTS ABOUT THE JAPANESE COASTLINE......Page 93
3.2 Eco-hydrological Conditions......Page 95
3.3 Anthropogenic Utilization and Their Impact......Page 96
3.4 Disaster Situation and Their Prevention......Page 97
4.2 Integrated Coastal Zone Management—Concept......Page 98
4.3 ICZM Practices in Japan......Page 99
5. CONCLUSIONS......Page 101
REFERENCES......Page 102
1. INTRODUCTION......Page 104
3. MATERIALS AND METHODS......Page 106
3.1 Mixing/flow Dynamics......Page 107
3.2 Spatially Distributed Hydrologic Forcing......Page 109
3.3 Calibration, Validation/Verification with a Case Study......Page 110
4. RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS......Page 111
5. CONCLUSIONS......Page 114
REFERENCES......Page 115
1. INTRODUCTION......Page 117
2. SOUTHERN PREARALIE: DEVELOPING SITUATION......Page 119
2.2 Eternal Russian Question: What to do?......Page 120
REFERENCES......Page 123
SECTION 2\rCoastal Zone Water Resources\r(Quantity and Quality):\rChallenges for Sustainability......Page 126
1. INTRODUCTION......Page 128
2. PHENOMENOLOGICAL DESCRIPTION AND DRIVERS......Page 131
3. ESTIMATION OF THE MAGNITUDE OF SGD......Page 132
3.1 Investigations from the Land Side......Page 133
3.2 Investigations from the Sea Side......Page 134
3.3 Indirect Indicators of SGD......Page 135
4. IMPORTANCE OF SGD IN ASIAN OUTLOOK......Page 136
5.1 Japan......Page 138
5.2 Korea......Page 140
5.3 India......Page 141
5.5 Thailand......Page 143
6. FUTURE PERSPECTIVES......Page 144
REFERENCES......Page 146
1. INTRODUCTION......Page 151
1.1 Study Area......Page 152
1.2 Quaternary Formations......Page 153
3.1 Tritium......Page 154
3.2 Geochemical Nature......Page 157
3.3  18O......Page 159
3.4  13C......Page 160
REFERENCES......Page 162
1. INTRODUCTION......Page 165
2.1 Study Area......Page 167
3.1 pH, Redox and Major Ion Characteristics......Page 168
3.2 Distribution of Arsenic, Iron, Manganese and DOC......Page 169
3.3 Relationship between the Key Water Quality Parameters with Redox Sensitive Elements......Page 170
3.4.2 Factor 2......Page 173
4. CONCLUSIONS......Page 176
REFERENCES......Page 177
1. INTRODUCTION......Page 180
2. MATERIALS AND METHODS......Page 181
4.1 Major Ions......Page 182
4.2 Trace Elements......Page 184
4.2.3 Lithophile Group......Page 185
4.2.4 Rare-earth Elements (REE)......Page 186
4.4 Origin of Thermal Waters......Page 187
REFERENCES......Page 189
SECTION 3\rBiodiversity of Coastal Zones\rand Its Sustainability......Page 192
1. INTRODUCTION......Page 194
2. ORGANIC MATTER SOURCES AND SINKS......Page 196
3.1 Atomic C:N Ratio and Stable Carbon Isotopes......Page 198
3.2 Molecular Biomarkers......Page 199
4. OUTWELLING AND TRANSPORT OF MANGROVE ORGANIC MATTER......Page 202
REFERENCES......Page 206
1. BACKGROUND......Page 213
2. STUDY AREA......Page 214
Mangrove Forests of the Andaman Islands......Page 215
Significance of the Terrestrial and Coastal Ecosystems......Page 216
Mineralization and Immobilization......Page 217
Sampling of Surface Water......Page 218
Sediment Denitrification......Page 219
Leaf Litter C:N Estimation......Page 220
4.1 Spatial Variations......Page 221
4.2 Denitrification......Page 224
4.3 SEDIMENT CARBON AND NITROGEN......Page 225
4.4 Primary Productivity......Page 226
4.5 Leaf Litter C:N Analysis......Page 227
5. SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS......Page 228
REFERENCES......Page 229
1. INTRODUCTION......Page 231
2. MATERIALS AND METHODS......Page 233
3. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION......Page 234
REFERENCES......Page 241
SECTION 4\rThreats to Coastal Aquatic\rEcosystems: Developmental and\rSustainability Issues......Page 244
1. INTRODUCTION......Page 246
2. CURRENT STATE OF SHRIMP CULTURE......Page 248
3.1 Trends in the Changes of Land-use Pattern......Page 249
3.2 Trends in Employment Pattern......Page 250
3.4 Trends in Local Supply Chain......Page 251
4. THE CONSEQUENCES......Page 252
4.2 Consequences on the Biological Environment......Page 253
4.3 Societal and Economic Consequences......Page 254
5. THE BLUE REVOLUTION: A REALITY CHECK......Page 256
6. THE ISSUE OF SUSTAINABILITY: ENVIRONMENTAL CONCERNS......Page 257
7. THE MEASURES FOR SUSTAINABILITY: POLICY AND LEGAL ISSUES......Page 258
REFERENCES......Page 259
1. INTRODUCTION......Page 264
2. SAND DUNES......Page 266
2.1 Sand Dunes Saved the Villages......Page 267
2.2.1 Dune Grass Planting......Page 268
2.2.4 Public Awareness and Community-based Participation......Page 269
3. MANGROVES......Page 270
3.1 Causes of Depletion......Page 271
3.2 Mangroves – Life Saving Role......Page 272
3.3 Protecting Mangroves......Page 273
4. MODEL PLAN......Page 274
REFERENCES......Page 276
1. INTRODUCTION......Page 278
2.1 Teflon Bomb Digestion of Vegetable and Crop Samples......Page 280
3.1 Bioaccumulation of Arsenic in Cereals and Pulses......Page 281
3.2 Bioaccumulation of Arsenic in Vegetables......Page 282
3.4 Daily Arsenic Intake through Food Stuff......Page 283
4. DISCUSSION......Page 285
5. CONCLUSION......Page 286
REFERENCES......Page 287
Author Index......Page 290
Subject Index......Page 292