Malaysia’s 14th General Election and UMNO’s Fall: Intra-Elite Feuding and the Pursuit of Power

Cover
Half Title
Series Page
Title
Copyright
Contents
List of tables
List of figures
Contributors
Preface
Acknowledgements
Abbreviations
Introduction: Malaysia’s 14th General Election and UMNO’s Fall: intra-elite feuding and the pursuit of power
	Before GE14: Malay elite feuds
	Understanding intra-elite feuds
		The UMNO split
		The ideological battle within PAS
		PKR and the jostling for power
	Elite contestations and the GE14 results
		UMNO split, Malay constituencies and contradictory outcomes
		The failed “national consensus”
		Diffusion of Islamism in Malaysia
	Conclusion
1	Democratization in an age of authoritarianism: theorizing Malaysia’s GE14
	Introduction
	GE14 in comparative context
	Hybrid politics in Malaysia
	Old pathways and shifting terrain
	GE14: Barisan and Pakatan
		UMNO factionalism
		Electoral manipulations and the punishment regime
		Pakatan factionalism
		Livelihood issues and discontents
	Regime-sustaining and regime-subverting elections
		Regime-sustaining elections
		Regime-subverting elections
		GE14
	Transitional pathways
		Replacement
		Transformation
2	Elite contestations, politics of reform and new voting dynamics of peninsular states in GE14
	Introduction
	Peninsular swing against the BN
	PKR preponderance in Selangor
	Johor: UMNO collapse, PH ascendancy
	Kedah and Perak: weak PH states
	Kelantan and Terengganu: strongholds of PAS
	Concluding remarks
3	Elite feuds, patronage and factions: UMNO’s demise
	Introduction
	GE14 candidates: patronage to accommodate elites?
	Case studies
		Bukit Gantang
		Kuala Kangsar
		Pokok Sena
		Jerai
	Conclusion
4	Electoral boundaries in Malaysia’s 2018 election: malapportionment, gerrymandering and UMNO’s fall
	Introduction
	Political context
	Redelineation
	Malapportionment
		Overall malapportionment
		Inter-state malapportionment
		Intra-state malapportionment
		Election results
	Gerrymandering
	Analysing malapportionment and gerrymandering
5	“10 years under Pakatan is better than 50 years under UMNO/BN”: pre-electoral conflict and campaign rhetoric in Selangor
	Electoral landslide for Pakatan Harapan in Selangor
	Pre-electoral conflict in Selangor: PH and PKR in turmoil
	Demand for governance competency under electoral authoritarianism
	PH’s rhetorical supply of governance competency
	Conclusion
6	A tale of intra-Malay elite feuds in Kuala Lumpur and Putrajaya
	Introduction
	The Najib-Mahathir-PAS contest for the civil service
	UMNO’s intra-party rivalries: Lembah Pantai and Setiawangsa
	Titiwangsa: PAS loses Malay base to Bersatu
	Losing Malays to PAS in Batu, Wangsa Maju and Bandar Tun Razak
	Conclusion
7	Gambling on grievances: Melaka in GE14 and after
	Introduction
	GE14 campaign: strategies, machineries and election moods
	Results analysis: factors behind the numbers
		Intra-elite feuding
		The Chinese majority constituencies: DAP and MCA
	Election issues and campaign trajectories
		Protest voting
		Economic voting
		Ethnoreligious voting
	Conclusion
8	Bangsa Johor: factions, feuds and the fall of UMNO
	Introduction
	The campaign
	Conflicts within coalitions
	Managing coalition leaders
	Results and analysis
	Conclusion
9	Penang: victory by support or defeat by chance?
	Introduction
	The campaign: challenges and strategy
	Overview of results
	Factors impacting outcome: intra-elite feuding
		UMNO versus ex-UMNO
	Multi-cornered fights and the UMNO–PAS pact
	PH’s internal feuds
	Protest voting: scandals, GST and bread-and-butter
	Interlude: saving Malaysia or retaining Penang
	Conclusion: winning by chance?
10	The battle for Perak
	Introduction
	The campaign
	Politics of development and money
	Warlords and factions
	Key actors
	The results
	Conclusion
11	Parties versus personalities in Kedah politics: unstable and hung state assembly in Kedah’s GE14
	Introduction
	The intrigues of Kedahan politics
	Pre-GE14: party or personality
	Results of GE14: hung state assembly
	Assessing the GE14 outcomes
		PH won unconvincingly
		Wrong strategy: three-cornered fights
		Infighting and protest votes against BN
		Parties’ election machineries
		Bread-and-butter issues
	The rupture in Malay political elite cohesion
	Conclusion
12	The green tsunami in Terengganu: the re-emergence of Parti Islam se-Malaysia
	Introduction
	Political rivalry between UMNO and PAS in Terengganu
	Developments leading to GE14: intra-Malay elite clash
	The election campaign: issues and strategies
		PAS: Lok Koho Punoh
		UMNO: Terengganu Molek Doh
	The candidates
	Results and analysis
	Conclusion
13	Intra-Islamist elite competition in Kelantan
	Introduction
		Kelantan election results
		Nature of PAS leadership in Kelantan
		Perceptions of Mahathir and Najib
		After Nik Aziz: PAS’s leaning towards BN and the birth of Amanah
	Campaign machineries and candidates
		Kota Bharu
		Pengkalan Chepa
		Pasir Puteh
	Conclusion
Index