Making Competitive Cities

Making Competitive Cities......Page 5
Contents......Page 7
Foreword......Page 12
Preface......Page 14
Contributors......Page 15
PART I: INTRODUCTION......Page 19
Debates and challenges......Page 21
Sectors......Page 23
Questions and theories......Page 25
Regions and sources......Page 28
Pathways, actors and policies......Page 32
References......Page 34
Essential conditions for competitive cities......Page 35
'Hard' conditions theory......Page 38
Cluster theory......Page 40
Personal networks......Page 42
'Soft' conditions theory......Page 43
Three parts......Page 47
References......Page 48
PART II: PATHWAYS......Page 51
Path dependency......Page 53
Initial expectations and comparisons......Page 56
The chapters to come......Page 58
References......Page 60
Introduction......Page 61
The economic base and the creative knowledge economy......Page 62
Development path: roots and current conditions of the creative knowledge economy......Page 67
Development paths: a synthesis and conclusion......Page 79
References......Page 82
Introduction......Page 85
Historical context......Page 86
The trajectory of industrial development......Page 87
The state and policy intervention......Page 94
The challenge of soft factors......Page 103
Conclusions......Page 107
References......Page 109
Introduction......Page 111
Socio-economic characteristics of the study areas......Page 113
Development pathways shaping the city profiles and the role of the systemic change......Page 117
Determinants of development of the creative knowledge sector......Page 124
Conclusions......Page 127
References......Page 128
Introduction......Page 131
Setting the context – Helsinki and Toulouse......Page 133
Pathways to knowledge-driven economies......Page 137
Knowledge driving economic development: sciences, industries and policies......Page 144
Future challenges......Page 147
Conclusion and discussion......Page 148
References......Page 150
PART III: ACTORS......Page 153
Introduction......Page 155
Three groups of actors and a range of conditions......Page 157
The following chapters......Page 160
References......Page 161
Introduction: places matter......Page 163
Cities and the creative class: major conceptual challenges......Page 164
Characteristics of the cities: a brief overview......Page 166
Location decisions: 'individual trajectory' considerations and 'hard' factors......Page 168
Location decisions: the role of 'soft' factors......Page 169
In-city location decisions......Page 172
Capital city versus provincial city location decisions......Page 174
Policymaking: 'soft', 'hard' or 'other'?......Page 175
Conclusions and implications......Page 177
References......Page 179
Introduction......Page 181
Conceptualising transnational migrants and the creative class......Page 182
Places and potentials......Page 185
The attractiveness of European metropolitan regions......Page 192
Conclusion......Page 203
Acknowledgments......Page 206
References......Page 207
Introduction......Page 210
Competing for young, high-skilled workers......Page 212
Young and high-skilled workers in European cities......Page 214
The Amsterdam, Barcelona and Milan city-regions......Page 218
Conclusions......Page 223
References......Page 224
Introduction: creative work – precariousness, uncertainty and risk?......Page 226
Methodology......Page 229
Insecure, casualised or long-term, sustainable employment?......Page 231
Discussion......Page 241
Conclusions......Page 245
References......Page 247
PART IV: POLICIES......Page 251
What should cities do?......Page 253
European cities......Page 255
Which policy agendas?......Page 257
Networking policy......Page 258
The following chapters......Page 259
References......Page 261
Introduction......Page 262
Distinctive policy traditions......Page 263
Existing strengths in creative knowledge policy......Page 265
New strategic economic policy approaches......Page 268
Key actors in entrepreneurial cities......Page 271
Addressing barriers and obstacles......Page 275
Conclusion and new challenges......Page 277
References......Page 279
Introduction......Page 281
The cluster policy paradigm......Page 282
The state of the creative and knowledge economy......Page 284
Supporting the creative and knowledge economy: three approaches......Page 286
Conclusions......Page 299
References......Page 302
Introduction......Page 304
Do policies help in competition? – a theoretical framework......Page 305
Economic development and political conditions......Page 308
The creative and knowledge sector and policies enhancing its development......Page 312
Conclusions......Page 320
References......Page 321
Introduction......Page 324
Conceptual prerequisites: understanding governance in creative and knowledge industries......Page 326
New governance dimensions......Page 327
Professionalisation – self-regulation and self-governance of new professions......Page 328
Towards new geographical scales?......Page 330
Governance approaches in Barcelona, Leipzig and Sofia......Page 332
Knowledge-intensive industries in regard to governance perspectives......Page 339
Conclusions......Page 340
References......Page 342
PART V: SYNTHESIS......Page 345
Introduction......Page 347
A city is not a T-shirt......Page 349
Multi-layered cities: the importance of pathways......Page 351
Personal actor networks: key conditions......Page 356
New governance approaches......Page 362
Conclusion......Page 365
References......Page 367
B......Page 369
C......Page 370
D......Page 371
G......Page 372
K......Page 373
M......Page 374
P......Page 375
S......Page 376
T......Page 377
Y......Page 378