Lung Biology in Health & Disease Volume 213 Practical Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine: Respiratory Failure

Introduction......Page 14
Preface......Page 16
Contributors......Page 20
Contents......Page 24
II. Oxygen Therapy......Page 28
III. Airway Management......Page 40
References......Page 52
I. Introduction......Page 60
II. Rationale for Use......Page 61
III. Clinical Conditions......Page 62
IV. Other Conditions......Page 72
V. Clinical Aspects of NIMV......Page 77
VI. Monitoring the Response to Treatment......Page 88
VII. Conclusion......Page 94
References......Page 95
I. Introduction......Page 104
III. Breath Phases......Page 105
IV. Breath Types......Page 114
V. Breath Patterns or Modes......Page 121
VI. Fine Tuning the Ventilator Breath......Page 126
References......Page 128
II. Arterial Blood Gases......Page 132
IV. Point-of-Care Testing......Page 135
V. Blood Gas Monitors......Page 136
VI. Mixed Venous Blood Gases......Page 137
VII. Pulse Oximetry......Page 139
VIII. Gastric Tonometry and Sublingual PCO[sub(2)]......Page 143
IX. Capnography......Page 144
X. Lung Mechanics and Graphics......Page 154
XI. Monitoring in Perspective......Page 162
References......Page 163
I. Introduction......Page 180
II. Pathophysiologic Factors Determining Weaning Success or Failure: An Introductory Overview......Page 181
III. Predicting Weaning Success......Page 187
IV. Protocols and Pathways......Page 191
V. Weaning from Prolonged Ventilation......Page 194
VI. Sedation......Page 195
VII. Goals of Therapy: Conversations About Ventilation......Page 201
References......Page 205
I. Introduction......Page 214
II. How Is Prolonged Mechanical Ventilation Defined and How Often Does It Occur?......Page 215
III. Who Requires Prolonged Mechanical Ventilation?......Page 216
IV. Site of Care for Patients with Prolonged Mechanical Ventilation......Page 217
V. What Are the Outcomes for Patients Requiring Prolonged Mechanical Ventilation?......Page 218
VI. Why Do Patients Become Ventilator-Dependent?......Page 219
VII. What Assessment Tools Are Available to Predict Weaning Outcome for Patients with Prolonged Mechanical Ventilation?......Page 229
VIII. What Is the Best Approach to Weaning Patients with Prolonged Mechanical Ventilation?......Page 231
References......Page 234
II. Arterial Catheters......Page 246
III. Central Venous Catheters......Page 252
IV. Pulmonary Artery Catheters......Page 263
V. Chest Tube Thoracostomy......Page 288
References......Page 300
I. Introduction......Page 312
II. Specifications, Indications, and Contraindications......Page 313
III. Patient Preparation, Sedation, and Anesthesia......Page 315
V. Diagnostic Techniques......Page 316
VII. Complications......Page 318
VIII. Specific Diagnostic Indications......Page 319
IX. Specific Diagnostic and Therapeutic Indications......Page 324
X. Therapeutic Bronchoscopy: Indications and Options......Page 325
XI. Potential Therapeutic Indications......Page 332
References......Page 333
I. Introduction......Page 340
II. Indications, Benefits, and Timing of Tracheostomy......Page 342
III. Contraindications......Page 343
IV. The Technique of Bedside PDT: How We Do It......Page 344
V. Complications......Page 348
VII. Care of Patients with Tracheostomy......Page 351
References......Page 352
II. The Portable Chest Radiograph......Page 358
III. Devices Used in the ICU......Page 365
IV. Common Thoracic Abnormalities Encountered in the ICU......Page 391
V. Computerized Tomography......Page 412
VI. Image-Guided Interventional Procedures in the ICU......Page 414
References......Page 419
A......Page 434
C......Page 435
D......Page 436
H......Page 437
I......Page 438
M......Page 439
O......Page 440
P......Page 441
S......Page 442
W......Page 443
Z......Page 444