Logic as the Question Concerning the Essence of Language

Contents......Page 6
Translators\' Foreword......Page 12
Introduction: Structure, Origin, Meaning and Necessary Shaking Up of Logic......Page 14
b) Assembly......Page 15
γ) The ordering of reason and consequence......Page 16
2. Logic as preparatory school for all thinking. Grammar and logic. Logic history......Page 17
3. The three common standpoints of the judgment about meaning, usefulness, and value of logic......Page 18
4. The necessary task of a shaking up of logic......Page 19
Recapitulation......Page 21
First Part: The Question Concerning the Essence of Language as Fundamental and Guiding Question of All Logic......Page 24
a) Language as object of the philosophy of language......Page 25
b) Narrowing of logic through language......Page 26
d) The grasping of language—preformed through logic......Page 27
6. The two manners of questioning. The character of the question of the essence as fore-question and the three respects of the question of the essence......Page 28
Recapitulation......Page 30
7. Language—preserved in the dictionary......Page 34
8. Language as event in the dialogue......Page 35
9. Language—determined from the kind of being of the human being. The answer of metaphysics......Page 36
Second Chapter: The Question Concerning the Essence of the Human Being......Page 40
Recapitulation......Page 41
10. The right launching of the fore-question. What- and who-question......Page 43
11. The human being as a self......Page 45
a) The I—determined through the self, not conversely......Page 47
Recapitulation......Page 48
b) The [plural] You and We—determined through the self, not through the mere plurality......Page 49
c) Is the self the species of the I, You, We, [plural] You?......Page 52
Recapitulation......Page 55
a) The mis-questioning—conditioned by the self-forlornness of the human being......Page 56
b) Does a preeminence of the We lie in the question “Who are we ourselves?”......Page 58
c) Outer and inner identification of the We......Page 60
Recapitulation......Page 61
13. \"\'We’ are the Volk” by virtue of decision......Page 62
14. Reply to the first interposed question: What is that, a Volk?......Page 66
Recapitulation......Page 68
a) Volk as body......Page 69
b) Volk as soul......Page 70
c) Volk as spirit......Page 71
15. Reply to the second interposed question: What does decision mean?......Page 74
16. The determination of the essence of history is grounded in the character of history of the respective era.......Page 80
17. The ambiguity of the word “history”......Page 82
a) “History” as entering into the past. Natural history......Page 83
b) “History” as entering into the future......Page 84
18. Human happening as carrying itself out and remaining in knowing and willing: lore......Page 86
19. The relationship of history, lore of history (historiography) and science of history......Page 89
20. History in its relationship with time......Page 97
a) History as that which is bygone and as that which has been......Page 99
α) Christian world-conception and Aristotelian time-analysis......Page 100
β) That which is bygone as that which is completed, ascertainable, causally explicable......Page 101
c) The objectification of history by the science of history.    Time as present-at-hand framework......Page 102
a) “Are” we historical?......Page 104
b) The worthiness of question of the being of the human being. Becoming and being......Page 105
c) Being-historical as a deciding that is continually renewing......Page 107
Recapitulation......Page 108
d) That which has been is as future of our own being......Page 110
22. The transformation of our being in its relation to the power of time. Responsibility......Page 112
a) No politics of the day position, but awakening of an original knowing......Page 114
b) That which is to be found out by questioning does not let itself be settled immediately......Page 115
Recapitulation......Page 116
24. The experience of time through the experience of our determination......Page 118
b) Labor......Page 119
c) The being-attuned-through by the mood......Page 120
25. Original and derived experience of being and of time.......Page 122
Recapitulation......Page 124
a) Do animals have a sense of time?......Page 127
b) The question concerning the subject-character of the human being......Page 129
α) The modern change of meaning of “subject” and “object.”  The threefold detachment of the human being......Page 130
Recapitulation......Page 132
β) The new metaphysical fundamental position of the human being in Descartes’ prima philosophia......Page 134
c) The modern determination of the human being as being-thing in the sense of the mere being-present-at-hand......Page 135
a) Mood. The relationship of mood and body......Page 138
b) Labor......Page 140
c) Mission and mandate......Page 141
28. The blasting of the being-subject through the determination of the Volk......Page 142
a) Original manifestness of beings and scientific objectification. Contrasting of the animal life with the historical Dasein......Page 143
b) The happening of history is in itself lore of the disclosedness of beings. Historiographical knowledge as degradation of the great moments that are disclosive......Page 144
c) The historical Dasein of the human being as the resoluteness toward the moment......Page 145
d) Human being as care: Exposedness in beings and delivery over to being. Rejection of the misinterpretation of care: Care as freedom of the historical self-being......Page 146
Third Chapter: Being-human and language......Page 152
30. Logic as still not comprehended mandate of the human-historical Dasein: care about the ruling of the world in the event of language......Page 153
31. Poetry as original language......Page 154
Editor’s Epilogue......Page 156
Lexicon......Page 160
Notes......Page 177