Logic and Philosophy in the Lvov—Warsaw School

Content: I / The Origin and Development of the Lvov --
Warsaw School --
1. The Rise of the Lvov --
Warsaw School and the Periods in its Development --
2. Kazimierz Twardowski and the Lvov Stage --
3. The Lvov --
Warsaw School Between the World Wars --
4. World War II and the Post-1945 Period --
5. The Typical Philosopher of the Lvov --
Warsaw School --
Photographs --
II / Some Philosophical Views of Kazimierz Twardowski --
1. Twardowski and the Philosophical Tradition --
2. The Conception of Philosophy --
3. Psychologism --
4. Twardowski on Language --
5. Twardowski on Truth --
6. Analysis of the Word \'Nothing\' --
7. Problems in the Theory of Science --
8. Conclusion --
III / The Conception of Philosophy in the Lvov --
Warsaw School --
1.?ukasiewicz --
2. Kotarbi?ski --
3. Ajdukiewicz --
4. Cze?owski --
5. Conclusion --
IV / The Development of Logic in the Lvov --
Warsaw School: The Warsaw School of Logic --
1. A Concise History of Logic in the Lvov --
Warsaw School --
2. Sociological Comments on the Warsaw School of Logic --
3. General Remarks on the Further Chapters on Logic in the Lvov --
Warsaw School --
V / The Classical Sentential Calculus --
1.?ukasiewicz\'s Parenthesis-Free Symbolism and his Criteria of Construction of Logical Systems --
2. The Functionally Complete Classical Sentential Calculus --
Axiomatic Approaches --
3. Partial Sentential Calculi --
4. The Sentential Calculus with Variable Functors --
5. Ja?kowski\'s System of Natural Deduction --
6. The Metalogic of the Sentential Calculus --
7. Addenda. Concluding Remarks --
VI / Non-Classical Logics --
1. Many-Valued Logics --
2. Modal Logic --
3. Intuitionistic Logic --
4. Ja?kowski\'s Discursive Logic --
5. Concluding Remarks --
VII / Le?niewski\'s Systems --
1. Introduction --
2. Intuitive Formalism --
3. Semantic Categories and Constructive Nominalism --
4. Some Formal Properties of Le?niewski\'s Systems --
5. Protothetic --
6. Ontology --
7. Mereology --
8. The Controversy over Le?niewski. Conclusion --
VIII / Metamathematics, the Foundations of Mathematics and the Semantic Conception of Truth --
1. Metamathematics --
2. Tarski\'s Semantic Theory of Truth. An Introduction --
3. The Semantic Theory of Truth. The Formal Aspect --
4. The Semantic Theory of Truth. The Philosophical Aspect --
5. The General Conception of Semantics --
IX / History of Logic and Interpretations of Traditional Logic. The Philosophy of Logic and Mathematics --
1. History of Logic --
2. Interpretations of Traditional Logic --
3. The Philosophy of Logic and Mathematics --
X / Logic, Semantics and Cognition: The Epistemology of Kazimierz Ajdukiewicz --
1. The Conception of Meaning --
2. Radical Conventionalism --
3. Rejection of Radical Conventionalism --
4. Toward Radical Empiricism --
5. Semantics, Epistemology, Ontology --
6. Concluding Remarks --
XI / Logic, Semantics and the World: The Ontology of Tadeusz Kotarbi?ski --
1. Genuine and Apparent Names --
2. Ontological Reism: The Basic Thesis --
3. The Problem of the Interpretation of the Fundamental Thesis of Reism --
4. Pansomatism and Radical Realism --
5. Reism and Materialism --
6. Why Reism? --
7. The Troubles of Reism --
8. Concluding Remarks --
Appendix to Chapters X --
XI / Further Epistemological and Ontological Problems Discussed in the Lvov --
Warsaw School --
1. Scepticism --
2. Foundationalism, Fallibilism, Conventionalism, Truth --
3. What Exists? --
4. The Mind-Body Problem --
5. Time, Space, Causality, and Quantum Theory --
6. Conclusion --
XII / The Philosophy of Language --
1. Conceptions of Meaning --
2. Analytic Sentences --
3. Empty Names --
4. Concluding Remarks --
XIII / The Philosophy of Science --
1. Reasoning and Its Modes --
2. Induction, Probability, and Justification --
3. The General Picture of the Scientific Method and Scientific Theories --
XIV / Once More History and Beyond --
1. The Lvov --
Warsaw School and Logical Empiricism --
2. The Problem of the Unity of the Lvov --
Warsaw School --
3. The Lvov --
Warsaw School or the Lvov School and the Warsaw School? --
4. The Importance of the Lvov --
Warsaw School --
Notes --
List of the Philosophers of the Lvov --
Warsaw School Mentioned in this Book --
Index of Names --
Index of Subjects.