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ویرایش: 1
نویسندگان: Chaudhery Mustansar Hussain (editor). Gustavo Marques da Costa (editor)
سری:
ISBN (شابک) : 9814877786, 9789814877787
ناشر: Jenny Stanford Publishing
سال نشر: 2021
تعداد صفحات: 313
زبان: English
فرمت فایل : PDF (درصورت درخواست کاربر به PDF، EPUB یا AZW3 تبدیل می شود)
حجم فایل: 3 مگابایت
در صورت تبدیل فایل کتاب Living with Covid-19: Economics, Ethics, and Environmental Issues به فرمت های PDF، EPUB، AZW3، MOBI و یا DJVU می توانید به پشتیبان اطلاع دهید تا فایل مورد نظر را تبدیل نمایند.
توجه داشته باشید کتاب زندگی با کووید-19: اقتصاد، اخلاق، و مسائل زیست محیطی نسخه زبان اصلی می باشد و کتاب ترجمه شده به فارسی نمی باشد. وبسایت اینترنشنال لایبرری ارائه دهنده کتاب های زبان اصلی می باشد و هیچ گونه کتاب ترجمه شده یا نوشته شده به فارسی را ارائه نمی دهد.
در پایان سال 2019، جهان با ویروسی به نام SARS-CoV-2 مواجه شد. این کروناویروس جدید بیماری طبقه بندی شده به عنوان COVID-19 را تولید می کند. این ویروس بسیار قابل انتقال است و باعث سندرم تنفسی حاد می شود که از موارد خفیف در حدود 80٪ تا موارد بسیار شدید با نارسایی تنفسی که بین 5٪ تا 10٪ موارد متغیر است، متغیر است. سازمان بهداشت جهانی شیوع کووید-19 را یک بیماری همه گیر اعلام کرده و آن را یک خطر جهانی بالا طبقه بندی کرده است. مرکز شیوع این بیماری همه گیر شهر ووهان در استان هوبی چین بود. ارزیابی خطر COVID-19 به ویژگی های ویروس از جمله نحوه انتشار آن در بین مردم بستگی دارد. از جمله خطراتی که ما داریم، خطر مواجهه است و از این طریق میتوانیم مواجهه شغلی با زبالههای ناشی از خدمات بهداشتی را ارزیابی کنیم. ارزیابی ریسک سلامت انسان فرآیندی است برای جمعآوری و تجزیه و تحلیل اطلاعات محیطی و بهداشتی با استفاده از تکنیکهای خاص برای حمایت از تصمیمگیری و اجرای سیستماتیک اقدامات و بیان درون و بین بخشها برای استفاده و ارتقای سلامت، بهبود شرایط اجتماعی و زندگی. از جمعیت ها ارزیابی خطر برای COVID-19 باید تمام اطلاعات مرتبط موجود در زمان ارزیابی را در نظر گرفته و مستند کند. به این ترتیب تصمیمگیری هدایت میشود و سوابقی از فرآیند ارائه میشود، از جمله اینکه کدام ریسکها و اقدامات کنترلی ارزیابی شدهاند، روشهای مورد استفاده برای ارزیابی آنها، چرایی مهم تلقی شدهاند و ترتیب اولویت آنها. به این معنا، اگر ارزیابی ریسک به شیوه ای ثابت مستند شود، ممکن است سابقه ای از توجیه تغییرات در طول رویداد، از جمله سطح ریسک ارزیابی شده، اقدامات کنترلی توصیه شده، و تصمیمات و اقدامات کلیدی که باید در نظر گرفته شوند، ارائه دهد. چهره همه گیری ویروس کرونا. این کتاب به چالشهای جدید COVID-19 با جزئیات با دانش به روز در مورد خطر ایمنی، اقتصاد و ELSI COVID-19 میپردازد.
At the end of 2019, the world came across a virus, SARS-CoV-2. This new coronavirus produces the disease classified as COVID-19. The virus is highly transmissible and causes an acute respiratory syndrome that ranges from mild cases in about 80% to very severe cases with respiratory failure that varies between 5% and 10% of cases. The World Health Organization has declared the outbreak of COVID-19 to be a pandemic, classifying it a high global risk. The epicenter of the outbreak of this pandemic was the city of Wuhan in China\'s Hubei Province. The risk assessment for COVID-19 depends on the characteristics of the virus, including how it spreads among people. Among the risks, we have is the risk of exposure, and in this way we can assess occupational exposure to waste from health services. Human health risk assessment is a process of gathering and analyzing environmental and health information using specific techniques to support decision making and the execution, systematically, of actions and articulation within and between sectors for the use and promotion of health, improving the social and living conditions of populations. The risk assessment for COVID-19 needs to consider and document all relevant information available at the time of assessment. In this way, decision making will be directed and a record of the process will be provided, including which risks and control measures were evaluated, the methods used to evaluate them, why they were considered important, and their order of priority. In this sense, if documented in a consistent manner, risk assessment may provide a record of the justification for changes throughout the event, including the level of risk assessed, recommended control measures, and key decisions and actions that will be fundamental to be considered in the face of the coronavirus pandemic. This book addresses the new challenges of COVID-19 in detail with up-to-date knowledge on safety risk, economics, and ELSI of COVID-19.
Cover Half Title Title Page Copyright Page Table of Contents Preface Chapter 1: COVID-19 in the Environment 1.1: Definition and Origin of COVID-19 1.2: Transmission of COVID-19 1.3: Environmental Impacts 1.4: Prevention of COVID-19 Chapter 2: Environmental Fate of COVID-19 2.1: COVID-19 Lifetime on Surfaces 2.2: Presence of COVID-19 in Atmospheric Air/Decline in Air Pollution due to COVID-19 Lockdown 2.2.1: Presence of COVID-19 in Atmospheric Air 2.2.2: Decline in Air Pollution due to COVID-19 Lockdown 2.3: Studies of COVID-19 in Sewage Water 2.4: Protocols for Managing Health-Care Waste with COVID-19 2.5: Conclusion Chapter 3: Health Hazards of COVID-19 3.1: Pathways of Entry of the Virus into the Human Body 3.2: Proteins Involved 3.3: Effects on Human Health Chapter 4: Personal Protective Equipment and Coronavirus Disease 4.1: Importance of Using PPE in Disease Prevention 4.2: Transmission of Bioaerosols 4.3: Standards Currently in Force for PPE 4.3.1: Respiratory PPEs 4.3.1.1: Masks 4.3.1.2: Respirators 4.3.1.3: Homemade masks 4.4: Results/Effectiveness in Previous Epidemics 4.5: PPE Modifications to Combat SARS-CoV-2 4.6: Final Considerations and Perspectives Chapter 5: Health Service Waste and COVID-19: Monitoring, Risk Assessment, Approaches, and Challenges 5.1: Introduction 5.2: Sources, Transport, and Environmental Fate of COVID-19 5.3: Monitoring and Analysis Techniques for COVID-19 5.4: COVID-19 in the Socioeconomic Spectrum 5.5: Risk Assessment Tools for COVID-19 5.6: Challenges for COVID-19 5.7: Conclusions and Future Directions Chapter 6: Coronavirus: Exposure and Risk to Workers’ Health 6.1: Historical Trajectory of Occupational Health 6.2: Exposure of Workers to the Environment Labor 6.3: Risks and Risk Perception 6.4: Occupational Exposure and Human Health Risks 6.5: Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 6.6: Prevention and Control of the Transmission of SARS-Cov-2 within Health Services: Exposure and Occupational Risk Chapter 7: Ethical Issues in COVID-19 7.1: Introduction 7.2: Ethical Challenges 7.3: Risk and Harm: Patients and Tests? 7.4: Fake News 7.5: Patent Rights for the Common Good: A Necessary Discussion 7.6: Conclusion Chapter 8: Brazil against COVID-19: Analysis from a Typology of Public Policies to Face the Pandemic with Development 8.1: Public Policies as Instruments of Social Welfare in Territories 8.1.1: The Public Policies 8.1.2: Public Policies and Development in the COVID-19 Context 8.2: Policies of Federated States to Combat the Negative Effects of COVID-19 on Development 8.2.1: Contextualization of COVID-19 in Brazil 8.2.2: Public Policies Developed by Brazilian Federated States to Fight the Effects of COVID-19 8.2.2.1: COVID-19 in Brazil 8.2.2.2: Public policies developed by the Brazilian Federated States 8.3: Conclusions Chapter 9: Economic Effects of COVID-19 on Brazil in the Twenty-First Century 9.1: Introduction 9.2: Overview of Influenza around the World 9.3: The History of Influenza in Brazil 9.4: The Influenza and the Brussels International Finance Conference 9.5: The Return of the Virus in the Twenty-First Century 9.6: Economic Crisis in the EU in Times of the Pandemic 9.7: Economic crisis in Brazil in Times of the Pandemic 9.7.1: COVID-19 and the Labor Market 9.7.2: The Different Sectors of the Economy and COVID-19 9.8: Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises 9.9: Final Considerations Chapter 10: New Legalization for COVID-19 10.1: Universal Access to Health in Brazil and the Responsibility of the Federated Entities 10.2: The Federal Law N◦ 13,979/2020 and the Competencies to Legislate about COVID-19 10.3: Sanitary Control: Case Study 10.3.1: The Lockdown Declaration and the Mandatory Use of Protective Masks in Brazil 10.3.2: Lockdown Decree and Use of Protective Masks in the State of Pará 10.4: New Regulatory Framework for Sanitation in Brazil 10.5: Flexibilizing Environmental Legislation During the COVID-19 Pandemic and the Consequent Environmental Degradation 10.6: Conclusions Chapter 11: Modern Policy and Decision Making about COVID-19 11.1: Introduction 11.2: COVID-19 Pandemic: Prelude, Reflexes, and Consequences 11.3: The Metamorphosis of the World: Globalization of Risks in the Face of the Pandemic 11.4: The Law of the Fourth Industrial Revolution and Decision Making about the Risks 11.5: Conclusion Chapter 12: Physical Barrier against COVID-19: Materials to Inhibit or Eliminate the Virus 12.1: Current Standards in Air Filtration 12.2: Physical Barriers in Filter Media 12.3: Filtration of Bioaerosols 12.4: Filter Media in Removing Airborne Virus 12.5: Electrostatically-Assisted Air Filtration 12.6: Biocidal and Virucidal Agents to Control the Spread of Diseases Applied to Air Filtration 12.7: Final Considerations Index