Liver Elastography: Clinical Use and Interpretation

Front Matter ....Pages i-xix
Front Matter ....Pages 1-1
 Introduction to Liver Stiffness: A Novel Parameter for the Diagnosis of Liver Disease  (Sebastian Mueller)....Pages 3-9
Front Matter ....Pages 11-11
 Liver Stiffness and Its Measurement  (Sebastian Mueller)....Pages 13-28
 Liver Stiffness Measurement Using Vibration-Controlled Transient Elastography  (Laurent Sandrin)....Pages 29-39
 Characterizing Liver Stiffness with Acoustic Radiation Force  (Mark L. Palmeri)....Pages 41-49
 Two Dimensional Shear Wave Elastography/Supersonic Shear Imaging  (Jeremy Bercoff)....Pages 51-67
 Liver Magnetic Resonance Elastography: Clinical Use and Interpretation  (Jing Guo, Ingolf Sack, Stephan Rodrigo Marticorena Garcia)....Pages 69-93
 Liver Stiffness Measurements in Small Animals  (Omar Elshaarawy, Shami Alquzi, Felix Piecha, Laurent Sandrin, Cecil Bastard, Sebastian Mueller)....Pages 95-102
Front Matter ....Pages 103-103
 Introduction to Fibrosis Assessment by Liver Stiffness in Different Etiologies  (Sebastian Mueller)....Pages 105-111
 Fibrosis Assessment in Patients with HCV or HBV Chronic Infection  (Cristina Stasi, Laura Gragnani, Anna Linda Zignego)....Pages 113-121
 Fibrosis Assessment in Patients with NAFLD  (Victor de Ledinghen)....Pages 123-139
 Liver Stiffness in Alcoholic Liver Disease  (Sebastian Mueller)....Pages 141-152
 Liver and Spleen Stiffness in Schistosomiasis  (Zulane da Silva Tavares Veiga, Cristiane Alves Vilella Nogueira, Flavia Ferreira Fernandes)....Pages 153-159
 Screening for Cystic Fibrosis Using Liver Stiffness Measurements  (Elke Roeb)....Pages 161-167
 Role of Liver Stiffness in Hematological Disorders: Assessment of Sinusoidal Obstruction Syndrome, Budd–Chiari Syndrome, and Treatment Complications  (Thomas Karlas)....Pages 169-176
 Liver and Spleen Stiffness in Patients with Portal Vein Thrombosis  (Praveen Sharma)....Pages 177-180
 Liver Stiffness in Autoimmune Hepatitis  (Johannes Hartl)....Pages 181-186
 Liver Fibrosis Assessment in Adults with Alpha1-Antitrypsin Deficiency  (Vítor Magno Pereira, Karim Hamesch, Pavel Strnad)....Pages 187-195
 Fibrosis and Prognosis Assessment Using Liver Stiffness in Patients with PBC and PSC  (Christophe Corpechot)....Pages 197-208
 Liver Stiffness in Patients with Hereditary Hemochromatosis and Secondary Iron Overload  (Agustín Castiella, Eva Zapata)....Pages 209-216
 Liver Stiffness in Patients with Wilson’s Disease  (Thomas Karlas)....Pages 217-221
Front Matter ....Pages 223-223
 Introduction to Confounders of Elevated Liver Stiffness  (Sebastian Mueller)....Pages 225-232
 Histological Confounders of Liver Stiffness  (Sebastian Mueller, Carolin Lackner)....Pages 233-242
 Liver Stiffness Elevation in Patients with Heart Failure and Liver Congestion  (Gunda Millonig)....Pages 243-255
 Modulation of Liver Stiffness by Arterial and Portal Pressure  (Felix Piecha, Sebastian Mueller)....Pages 257-264
 Liver Stiffness and Cholestasis  (Sebastian Mueller)....Pages 265-269
 Liver Stiffness and Nutrition  (Sebastian Mueller, Felix Piecha, Omar Elshaarawy)....Pages 271-276
 Genetic Confounders of Liver Stiffness and Controlled Attenuation Parameter  (Vanessa Rausch, Johannes Mueller, Sebastian Mueller)....Pages 277-295
 Liver Stiffness and Acute Liver Failure  (Aline Gottlieb, Ali Canbay)....Pages 297-305
 Liver Stiffness and Pregnancy  (Omar Elshaarawy, Johannes Mueller, Sebastian Mueller)....Pages 307-314
Front Matter ....Pages 315-315
 Liver Stiffness and Important Clinical Endpoints  (Sebastian Mueller)....Pages 317-323
 Liver and Spleen Stiffness to Predict Portal Hypertension and Its Complications  (Yuly P. Mendoza, Giuseppe Murgia, Susana G. Rodrigues, Maria G. Delgado, Annalisa Berzigotti)....Pages 325-359
 Liver Stiffness and Hepatic Decompensation  (Omar Elshaarawy, Sebastian Mueller)....Pages 361-367
 Spleen Stiffness to Liver Stiffness Ratio and Disease Etiology  (Omar Elshaarawy, Johannes Mueller, Sebastian Mueller)....Pages 369-374
 Prediction of HCC Using Liver Stiffness Measurements  (Grace Lai-Hung Wong)....Pages 375-382
 Liver Stiffness as a Predictor for Survival  (Sebastian Mueller)....Pages 383-392
 Role of Liver Stiffness in the Management of Liver Transplantation: First Experience and Clinical Practice  (Guido Piai, Giovanna Valente, Luca Rinaldi)....Pages 393-409
Front Matter ....Pages 411-411
 Steatosis Assessment by Controlled Attenuation Parameter (CAP™)  (Magali Sasso, Laurent Sandrin)....Pages 413-439
 Steatosis Assessment with Controlled Attenuation Parameter (CAP) in Various Diseases  (Charlotte Wernberg, Mie Balle Hugger, Maja Thiele)....Pages 441-457
 Liver Steatosis (CAP) as Modifier of Liver Stiffness  (Thomas Karlas, Sebastian Mueller)....Pages 459-467
Front Matter ....Pages 469-469
 Introducing to Liver Stiffness Measurement in Clinical Practice  (Sebastian Mueller)....Pages 471-477
 Quality Criteria for Liver Stiffness Measurement by Transient Elastography  (Jérôme Boursier)....Pages 479-494
 Interpretation of Shear Wave Propagation Maps (Elastogram) Using Transient Elastography  (Sebastian Mueller, Johannes Mueller, Omar Elshaarawy)....Pages 495-508
 Liver Stiffness Measurement in Patients with Hepatic Versus Non-hepatic Ascites  (Sebastian Mueller)....Pages 509-516
 Use of XL Probe in Obese and Non-obese Patients  (Omar Elshaarawy, Sebastian Mueller)....Pages 517-522
 Comparison of Various Elastographic Techniques for Liver Fibrosis Assessment  (Ioan Sporea)....Pages 523-535
 Adaptation of Liver Stiffness Cutoff Values to Inflammation, Cholestasis, and Congestion  (Sebastian Mueller)....Pages 537-543
 Screening for Liver Fibrosis in General or At-Risk Populations Using Transient Elastography  (Dominique Roulot)....Pages 545-550
 Elastography in Combination with Other Biomarkers: Role of Algorithms  (Maja Thiele, Katrine Prier Lindvig)....Pages 551-561
 Fibrosis Assessment via Liver Stiffness Measurements: How Many Patients Are Spared from a Liver Biopsy?  (Amine Benmassaoud, Giada Sebastiani)....Pages 563-588
 Performance of Liver and Spleen Stiffness Measurements in Predicting Postoperative Hepatic Decompensation After HCC Resection  (Horia Stefanescu, Oana Nicoara-Farcau, Andreea Ardelean, Bogdan Procopet)....Pages 589-597
 Liver Stiffness Changes in Patients with Established Liver Cirrhosis  (Felix Piecha, Sebastian Mueller)....Pages 599-603
 Therapeutic Monitoring of Portal Pressure Lowering Drugs Using Liver Stiffness  (Omar Elshaarawy, Felix Piecha, Sebastian Mueller)....Pages 605-614
 Clinical Cases: Application and Interpretation of Liver Stiffness  (Sebastian Mueller)....Pages 615-627
Front Matter ....Pages 629-629
 Introduction to the Molecular Basis of Liver Stiffness and Its Relation to Mechano-signaling  (Sebastian Mueller)....Pages 631-643
 Stiffness and Hepatocytes Function In Vitro  (Srivatsan Kidambi)....Pages 645-660
 Liver Mechanics and the Profibrotic Response at the Cellular Level  (Rebecca G. Wells)....Pages 661-670
 Role of Sinusoidal Pressure and Arterialization in Driving Fibrosis Progression  (Sebastian Mueller)....Pages 671-683
Front Matter ....Pages 685-685
 Future Applications and Directions of Liver Stiffness Studies  (Sebastian Mueller, Omar Elshaarawy, Felix Piecha)....Pages 687-693
Back Matter ....Pages 695-737