Lithium Isotope Separation and Laser Cooling: Experimental Techniques

PRELIMS.pdf
	Preface
	Foreword
	Acknowledgements
	Author biographies
		Ignacio E Olivares
		Patrick Carrazana
CH001.pdf
	Chapter 1 History of our laser experiments
		1.1 Laser isotope separation laboratory
		1.2 Laser and optics laboratory
		1.3 Teaching laboratory: Experimental Physics V
		1.4 Advanced laboratory
		1.5 Summary
		References
CH002.pdf
	Chapter 2 Saturated absorption spectroscopy
		2.1 Description of saturated absorption spectroscopy
		2.2 Multi-level atoms
		2.3 The saturated absorption spectrometer
		2.4 Semiquantitative ideas at two-level atoms
			2.4.1 Excited and ground state populations
			2.4.2 Calculating absolute values
			2.4.3 Transition rates
			2.4.4 Reduction to five levels for the 6Li−D2 line
		2.5 Energy level diagram
		References
CH003.pdf
	Chapter 3 Optical instrumentation and detection
		3.1 Geometrical optics
			3.1.1 Laser beam expanders
		3.2 Interference
			3.2.1 The Michelson interferometer
			3.2.2 Multiple beam interference in a single plate: demonstration of the Airy relations
			3.2.3 Multiple beam interference: the Fabry–Perot interferometer
			3.2.4 Fabry–Perot interferometer–Airy relations
			3.2.5 Confocal scanning Fabry–Perot interferometer
			3.2.6 Adding waves with phasor diagrams
			3.2.7 Example: adding two waves
			3.2.8 Geometry for adding N waves
			3.2.9 The diffraction grating
		3.3 Polarization of light
		3.4 Linear polarizer and Malus law
		3.5 The Brewster angle
			3.5.1 The quarter-wave plate
			3.5.2 How to install a quarter-wave plate
			3.5.3 The half-wave plate
			3.5.4 Dispersive equilateral prism
		References
CH004.pdf
	Chapter 4 Vapor generation and vacuum
		4.1 Lithium isotope separation hardware
			4.1.1 The heat pipe oven
			4.1.2 Lithium ion source
			4.1.3 Resonance lithium ionization spectroscopy hardware
			4.1.4 Magnetic sector
			4.1.5 Ion charge measurement
			4.1.6 Einzel lens array
		4.2 Preparing the vacuum for laser cooling
			4.2.1 Observation optical cell: discussion of different methods
			4.2.2 Introduction of neutral atoms using a rubidium getter
		References
CH005.pdf
	Chapter 5 Diode laser characteristics
		5.1 Littrow grating diode laser cavity
		5.2 Principles of operation of the grazing-incidence grating diode laser cavity
		5.3 Nd:YAG laser
			5.3.1 Pulse description
		References
CH006.pdf
	Chapter 6 Lithium Doppler-free absorption spectroscopy
		6.1 Introduction
		6.2 Experiment
		6.3 Results
		6.4 Conclusion
		References
CH007.pdf
	Chapter 7 Lithium Doppler-limited absorption spectroscopy
		7.1 Introduction
		7.2 Background
		7.3 Experiment
		7.4 Results
		7.5 Discussions and conclusions
		References
CH008.pdf
	Chapter 8 Rubidium absorption spectroscopy
		8.1 Introduction
		8.2 Background
		8.3 Experiment
		8.4 Results
		8.5 Discussion and conclusion
		8.6 Transitions
		References
CH009.pdf
	Chapter 9 Lithium resonance ionization spectroscopy
		9.1 Introduction
		9.2 Background
		9.3 Experiment
		9.4 Results
		9.5 Discussion and conclusion
		References
CH010.pdf
	Chapter 10 Lithium isotope separation
		10.1 Introduction
		10.2 Background
		10.3 Lithium isotope separation experimental setup
		10.4 Laser system
		10.5 Isotope separation apparatus
		10.6 Experimental overview
		10.7 Results
		10.8 Discussion and conclusion
		References
CH011.pdf
	Chapter 11 Laser cooling
		11.1 The pump and the probe laser
		11.2 Energy level diagram-laser cooling
		11.3 Finding the spectral lines for repumping and cooling laser
		11.4 Description of the Pound–Drever–Hall method for frequency stability of the pump and probe lasers
		11.5 Installing the MOT optics
		11.6 Polarizing optics: left and right circulating light
		11.7 Anti-Helmholtz coils: magneto optical trap
		11.8 Observation of the cloud with NIR camera
		11.9 Analog control of laser intensities with a Glan–Thompson polarizer
		11.10 Results
		11.11 Discussion
		References
CH012.pdf
	Chapter 12 Mie scattering
		12.1 Introduction
		12.2 Theory
		12.3 Experiment
		12.4 Results
		12.5 Discussion and conclusions
		References
CH013.pdf
	Chapter 13 Thomson scattering
		13.1 Introduction
		13.2 Theory
		13.3 Thomson scattering experiment
		13.4 Results
		13.5 Conclusion
		References
CH014.pdf
	Chapter 14 Thomson scattering with impurities
		14.1 Introduction
		14.2 Different kind of ions in plasma
		14.3 Experiment
		14.4 Results: Thomson scattering spectra with impurity ions
		14.5 Conclusion
		References