Literacy and Paideia in Ancient Greece

LITERACY AND PAIDEIA IN ANCIENT GREECE......Page 4
Acknowledgments......Page 8
Contents......Page 10
Literacy and Paideia in Ancient Greece......Page 12
Introduction......Page 14
Notes......Page 25
I. The Origins of Greek Literacy......Page 30
1. The Alphabet Enters Oral Greece......Page 32
Milman Parry: The Oral Basis of Hellenism......Page 33
The Oldest Attic Inscription......Page 34
Dating the Dipylon Graffito......Page 37
The Homeric Wording of the Inscription......Page 38
The Homeric Context: Receiving the Xenos......Page 39
The Symposiatic Occasion for Inscribing the Dipylon Oinochoe......Page 43
The Homeric Paideia......Page 44
Conclusion: The Epical Singer and the Oral Way of Life ca. 700 B.C.......Page 45
Notes......Page 46
2. The Oral Way of Life at the Inception of Greek Literacy: The Lesson of the Old Inscriptions......Page 55
The Nestor Cup from Pithekoussai: Assuming the Persona of the Homeric Hero......Page 56
The Xenos Oinochoe from Ithaca: The Homeric Proprieties of Xenia......Page 60
The Importance of Xenia before the Rise of Written Law......Page 63
The Early Dedications......Page 65
The Votive Plaque from Aegina Dedicated to Apollo......Page 66
Lost Iron Spits from Perachora Dedicated to Hera......Page 67
The Bronze Statuette from Thebes Dedicated to Apollo......Page 68
The Priority of Dedications?......Page 70
The Lesson of the Very Old Inscriptions......Page 72
The Inscriptional Record after 675 B.C.......Page 73
Conclusion: The Lesson of the Epigraphical Record......Page 78
Notes......Page 79
3. Of Muses and Magistrates: From the Exemplum of Epic to the First Written Laws in Europe......Page 85
The Shield of Achilles......Page 86
Of Muses and Magistrates......Page 88
The Exemplum of Epic......Page 89
Appealing to Themis and the Exempla of Epic......Page 91
Literacy and the Law: First Encounters on Crete......Page 95
The Legal Enactments of Dreros: Europe's First Written Laws......Page 96
Rememberer and Scribe: The New Poinikastas Inscription......Page 98
Conclusion......Page 100
Notes......Page 101
II. The Alliance between Literacy and the Law......Page 108
4. Literacy and Residual Oralism in the "Great Code" of Gortyn: The Evidence of a Transitional Document......Page 110
The Distinction in jure and in judicio in the Gortyn Code......Page 112
The Range of Procedural Witnessing in Early Greece......Page 115
No Accidental Witnesses at Gortyn? Two Difficult Enactments......Page 121
Witnesses and Oaths: Some Comparisons to Societies in Transition......Page 127
Conclusion......Page 130
Notes......Page 131
5. The Progress of Literacy and Written Law in Athens......Page 136
Draco and the Beginning of Written Law at Athens......Page 137
The Laws Attributed to Solon......Page 138
Solon's Poems and a Developmental Theory of Written Law......Page 141
Limited Documentation in the Archaic Age......Page 143
Literacy and the Reforms of Cleisthenes......Page 145
The Reforms of Ephialtes and the Rise of the Imperial Democracy......Page 148
Accelerating Legal Literacy in Athens......Page 150
The Restored Place of Nichomachus in the History of Written Law......Page 152
The Evidence of On the Mysteries......Page 154
Summary of the Events from 411 B.C. to 399 B.C.......Page 157
Conclusion: Nomos and Written Law......Page 158
Notes......Page 160
III. The Alliance between Literacy and Paideia......Page 168
6. The Epical Basis of Greek Paideia in the Late Fifth Century: Ion and Euthyphro......Page 170
A Stubborn Rhapsode from Ephesus......Page 172
The Didactic Function of Epical Verse......Page 177
Euthyphro's Exemplum from Epic in 399 B.C.: A Bizarre Legal Case......Page 180
The Function of Epic in Greek Society......Page 184
Conclusion......Page 188
Notes......Page 189
7. Advancing Literacy and Traditional Greek Paideia: Mousikē and Sunousia......Page 194
Scrolls, School Scenes, and Mousikē on Fifth-Century Vases......Page 196
Advancing Literacy and the Priority of Mousikē......Page 200
Residual Oralism in the Educational Reforms of Plato's Republic......Page 203
The Old Education and Sunousia......Page 208
Socrates and Sunousia......Page 209
Conclusion: Asebeia and Sunousia......Page 216
Notes......Page 218
8. Mimēsis Banished: The Alliance of Literacy and Paideia in Fourth-Century Athens......Page 225
An Awkward Silence in the Argument of the Republic......Page 226
The Role of Mimēsis in Archaic Greek Culture......Page 228
Mimēsis and Eikasia......Page 230
From Mimēsis to Texts......Page 231
Residual Oralism in the Reform Passages of the Republic......Page 233
Utopian Dreams and Educational Agendas: Interpreting the Republic......Page 238
Homer's Final Exile......Page 239
Orality, Literacy, and the Dialogue Form: Some Speculations......Page 244
Plato's Dialogues as Paideutic Textbooks?......Page 246
Written Dialogues Put to Use in Laws......Page 247
Conclusion......Page 250
Notes......Page 251
9. Conclusion: Homer, the Alphabet, and the Progress of Greek Literacy and Paideia......Page 263
Notes......Page 274
10. Epilogue: A Linguistic and Historical Analysis of the Invention of the Greek Alphabet......Page 276
Signary Follows Morphology......Page 277
Morphological Differences between Old Phoenician and Greek......Page 279
Motive and Place......Page 285
The Precursors of the Greek Alphabet: The Proto-Sinaitic and Proto-Canaanite Inscriptions......Page 286
Literate Traders and Ship Captains ca. 800 B.C.?......Page 288
The Greek Achievement: The Completion of the Developmental History of the Alphabet......Page 289
Notes......Page 290
Bibliography......Page 298
Index......Page 311