Liquid Culture Systems for in vitro Plant Propagation

Contents......Page 6
Contributing Authors......Page 12
Preface......Page 16
1. General introduction: a personal reflection on the use of liquid media for in vitro culture......Page 18
I. BIOREACTORS......Page 36
2. Application of bioreactor design principles to plant micropropagation......Page 37
3. Bioreactor design for propagation of somatic embryos......Page 57
4. Practical aspects of bioreactor application in mass propagation of plants......Page 76
5. Simple bioreactors for mass propagation of plants......Page 94
6. Application of bioreactor systems for large scale production of horticultural and medicinal plants......Page 109
7. Membranes to reduce adherence of somatic embryos to the cell lift impeller of a bioreactor......Page 131
8. Cost-effective mass cloning of plants in liquid media using a novel growtek bioreactor......Page 140
9. Multiplication of Chrysanthemum shoots in bioreactors as affected by culture method and inoculation density of single node stems......Page 155
10. Control of growth and differentiation of bioreactor cultures of Physcomitrella by environmental parameters......Page 166
II. TEMPORARY IMMERSION SYSTEMS......Page 173
11. Temporary immersion system: a new concept for use liquid medium in mass propagation......Page 174
12. Mass propagation of tropical crops in temporary immersion systems......Page 205
13. Use of growth retardants for banana (Musa AAA cv. Grand Naine) shoot multiplication in temporary immersion systems......Page 220
14. Somatic embryo germination of Psidium guajava L. in the Rita® temporary immersion system and on semisolid medium......Page 232
15. Application of a temporary immersion system in mass propagation of Phalaenopsis......Page 237
16. Propagation of Prunus and Malus by temporary immersion......Page 249
17. Optimisation of growing conditions for the apple rootstock M26 grown in RITA containers using temporary immersion principle......Page 258
18. Experimental use of a novel temporary immersion system for liquid culture of olive microshoots......Page 267
19. Shoot regeneration from nodules of Charybdis sp.: A comparison of semisolid, liquid and temporary immersion culture systems......Page 279
III. SOMATIC EMBRYOGENESIS AND SHOOT INITIATION......Page 285
20. Propagation of Norway spruce via somatic embryogenesis......Page 286
21. Norway spruce somatic embryogenesis: membrane rafts as a compromise between liquid and solidified media......Page 297
22. Picea abies somatic embryo development from suspension cultures and agar-based cultures: a comparison......Page 305
23. Somatic embryogenesis by liquid culture of epidermal layers in sunflower: from genetic control to cell development......Page 315
24. Development of photoautotrophy in Coffea somatic embryos enables mass production of clonal transplants......Page 325
25. Potential of flow cytometry for monitoring genetic stability of banana embryogenic cell suspension cultures......Page 338
26. Somatic embryogenesis of Gentiana genus IV.: Characterisation of Gentiana cruciata and Gentiana tibetica embryogenic cell suspensions......Page 346
27. Induction and growth of tulip ‘Apeldoorn’ bulblets from embryo cultures in liquid media......Page 360
28. Micropropagation of Ixia hybrids in liquid medium......Page 366
29. Micropropagation of Rosa damascena and R. bourboniana in liquid cultures......Page 374
IV. COMMERCIAL PROCESS DEVELOPMENT AND CULTURE ENVIRONMENT......Page 387
30. Mass propagation of conifer trees in liquid cultures - progress towards commercialization......Page 388
31. Potentials for cost reduction in a new model of commercial micropropagation......Page 402
32. A new approach for automation: Sorting and sowing dehydrated somatic embryos of Daucus and Coffea using seed technologies......Page 414
33. Use of the temporary immersion bioreactor system (RITA®) for production of commercial Eucalyptus clones in Mondi Forests (SA)......Page 423
34. Efficiency in thin-film liquid system for Hosta micropropagation......Page 441
35. Aeration stress in plant tissue cultures......Page 456
36. Macro- and micronutrient nutrition of plants in greenhouses, hydroponic systems, and in vitro culture on gelled media......Page 471
37. Adaptions of the mineral composition of tissue culture media on the basis of plant elemental analysis and composition of hydroponic substrates......Page 489
V. BIOMASS FOR SECONDARY METABOLITE PRODUCTION......Page 502
38. Development and validation of an efficient low cost bioreactor for furanocoumarin production with Ruta graveolens shoot cultures......Page 503
39. Comparison of secondary plant metabolite production in cell suspension, callus culture and temporary immersion system......Page 519
40. Cultivation of root cultures of Panax ginseng in different bioreactors and in temporary immersion - Comparison of growth and saponin production......Page 532
41. Optimisation of Panax ginseng liquid cell cultures for biomass accumulation and ginsenoside production......Page 540
42. Tissue culture of Corydalis yanhusuo (Fumariaceae) and its medicinal compound production from somatic embryo-derived plants......Page 549
43. Production of taxanes in callus and suspension cultures of Taxus baccata L.......Page 558
Acknowledgments......Page 566
C......Page 567
H......Page 568
P......Page 569
Z......Page 570
B......Page 571
C......Page 572
G......Page 573
M......Page 574
P......Page 575
S......Page 576
V......Page 577
Z......Page 578