Lifespan Development: A Topical Approach (5th Edition) RENTAL EDITION

Front Cover
Title Page
Half-title Page
Copyright Page
Dei Page
Brief Contents
Contents
Preface
About the Author
1 an Introduction to Lifespan Development
	Looking Ahead
	Module 1.1 an Orientation to Lifespan Development
		Defining Lifespan Development
		The Scope of the Field of Lifespan Development
			Topical Areas in Lifespan Development
			Age Ranges and Individual Differences
			The Links Between Topics and Ages
		Influences on Development
	Developmental Diversity and Your Life: How Culture, Ethnicity, and Race Influence Development
		Key Issues and Questions: Determining the Nature—and Nurture—of Lifespan Development
			Continuous Change Versus Discontinuous Change
			Critical and Sensitive Periods: Gauging the Impact of Environmental Events
			Lifespan Approaches Versus a Focus on Particular Periods
			The Relative Influence of Nature and Nurture on Development
			The Later Action of Nature and Nurture
	Module 1.2 Theoretical Perspectives on Lifespan Development
		The Psychodynamic Perspective: Focusing on the Inner Person
			Freud’s Psychoanalytic Theory
			Erikson’s Psychosocial Theory
			Assessing the Psychodynamic Perspective
		The Behavioral Perspective: Focusing on Observable Behavior
			Classical Conditioning: Stimulus Substitution
			Operant Conditioning
			Social-cognitive Learning Theory: Learning Through Imitation
			Assessing the Behavioral Perspective
		The Cognitive Perspective: Examining the Roots of Understanding
			Piaget’s Theory of Cognitive Development
			Information Processing Approaches
			Cognitive Neuroscience Approaches
	Neuroscience and Development: the Essential Principles of Neuroscience
		The Humanistic Perspective: Concentrating on the Unique Qualities of Human Beings
			Assessing the Humanistic Perspective
		The Contextual Perspective: Taking a Broad Approach to Development
			The Bioecological Approach to Development
			Vygotsky’s Sociocultural Theory
		Evolutionary Perspectives: Our Ancestors’ Contributions to Behavior
			Assessing the Evolutionary Perspective
		Why “which Approach Is Right?” Is the Wrong Question
	Module 1.3 Research Methods
		Theories and Hypotheses: Posing Developmental Questions
		Choosing a Research Strategy: Answering Questions
		Correlational Studies
			The Correlation Coefficient
			Types of Correlational Studies
			Psychophysiological Methods
		Experiments: Determining Cause and Effect
			Independent and Dependent Variables
			Choosing a Research Setting
	Developmental Diversity and your Life: Do Lifespan Development Research Participants—and Researchers—Represent the World’s Diversity?
		Theoretical and Applied Research: Complementary Approaches
		Measuring Developmental Change
			Longitudinal Studies: Measuring Individual Change
	From Research to Practice: Using Lifespan Developmental Research to Improve Public Policy
		Cross-sectional Studies
		Sequential Studies
		Ethics and Research
	Development in your Life: Thinking Critically about “expert” Advice
	Epilogue
	Looking Back
	Key Terms and Concepts
2 Genetics, Prenatal Development, and Birth
	Looking Ahead
	Module 2.1 Earliest Development and the Foundations of Genetics
		Genes and Chromosomes: the Code of Life
		Multiple Births: Two—or More—for the Genetic Price of One
		Male or Female? Establishing the Sex of the Child
		The Basics of Genetics: the Mixing and Matching of Traits
			An Example of the Transmission of Genetic Information
			Polygenic Traits
		The Human Genome and Behavioral Genetics: Cracking the Genetic Code
		Inherited and Genetic Disorders: When Development Deviates from the Norm
		Genetic Counseling: Predicting the Future from the Genes of the Present
			Prenatal Testing
			Screening for Future Problems
	From Research to Practice: The Promise of CRISPR: Can we Create Made-to-order Babies? and Should we?
	Module 2.2 the Interaction of Heredity and Environment
		The Role of the Environment in Determining the Expression of Genes: from Genotypes to Phenotypes
			Interaction of Factors
		Studying Development: How Much is Nature, How Much is Nurture?
			Nonhuman Animal Studies: Controlling Both Genetics and Environment
			Contrasting Relatedness and Behavior: Adoption, Twin, and Family Studies
			Transgenerational Epigenetic Inheritance: When Nature Becomes Nurture
		Genetics and the Environment: Working Together
			Physical Traits: Family Resemblances
			Intelligence: More Research, more Controversy
			Genetic and Environmental Influences on Personality: Born to Be Outgoing?
		Can Genes Influence the Environment?
	Module 2.3 Prenatal Growth and Birth
		Fertilization: the Moment of Conception
		The Stages of the Prenatal Period: the Onset of Development
			The Germinal Stage: Fertilization to 2 Weeks
			The Embryonic Stage: 2 to 8 Weeks
			The Fetal Stage: 8 Weeks to Birth
	Neuroscience and Development: Autism and the Toddler Brain
		Pregnancy Problems
			Infertility and Assisted Reproductive Technology (Art)
			Ethical Issues
			Miscarriage and Abortion
		The Prenatal Environment: Threats to Development
			Mother’s Diet
			Mother’s Age
			Mother’s Prenatal Support
			Mother’s Health
			Mother’s Drug Use
			Mother’s Use of Alcohol and Tobacco
			Do Fathers Affect the Prenatal Environment?
		Labor: the Process of Birth Begins
	Development in your Life: Optimizing the Prenatal Environment
		Approaches to Childbirth: Where Medicine and Attitudes Meet
			The Birthing Process: a Menu of Choices
			Alternative Birthing Procedures
			Childbirth Attendants: Who Delivers?
			Use of Anesthesia and Pain-reducing Drugs
		Birth Complications
			Preterm Infants: Too Soon, Too Small
			Very-low-birthweight Infants: the Smallest of the Small
			What Causes Preterm and Low-birthweight Deliveries?
			Postmature Babies: Later, Larger
		Cesarean Delivery: Intervening in the Process of Birth
		Stillbirth and Infant Mortality: the Tragedy of Premature Death
	Developmental Diversity and Your Life: Overcoming Racial and Cultural Differences in Infant Mortality
	Epilogue
	Looking Back
	Key Terms and Concepts
3 Physical Growth and Aging Across the Life Span
	Looking Ahead
	Module 3.1 Physical Growth and Change
		Physical Growth in Infancy
			Rapid Advances
			Integrating the Bodily Systems: the Life Cycles of Infancy
			Rhythms and States
			Sleep: Perchance to Dream?
		Physical Growth During the Preschool and Middle Childhood Years
			Development in the Preschool Years
			Development in Middle Childhood
		Physical Changes in Adolescence
			The Rapidly Maturing Adolescent
			Puberty
		Physical Changes in Adulthood
			The Ups and Downs of Physical Transitions
			Negative Change
			Late Adulthood
			Outward Signs of Aging
			Internal Aging
		The Myth and Reality of Aging
			The Demographics of Late Adulthood
	Module 3.2 Brain Growth and Motor Development
		The Nervous System and Brain: Making Connections
			The Growing Brain
			Synaptic Pruning
			Environmental Influences on Brain Development
		Brain Lateralization
			The Links Between Brain Growth and Cognitive Development
		Reflexes: Protective Reactions
			Racial and Cultural Differences and Similarities in Reflexes
		Gross Motor Skills
	From Research to Practice: Differences in Infant Mobility: does Practice Really make Perfect?
		Activity Level
		Continued Development of Gross Motor Skills
		Sex Differences in Gross Motor Skills
		Potty Wars
	Fine Motor Skills
		Handedness: Separating Righties from Lefties
	Developmental Diversity and your Life: the Cultural Dimensions of Motor Development
		Art: the Picture of Development
		Developmental Norms; Comparing the Individual to the Group
	Module 3.3 Perceptual Development
		The Development of the Senses
			Infants’ Capabilities
	Neuroscience and Development: Beyond Band-aids: How Pain in Infancy Affects Pain in Adulthood
		Sensory Development in Preschoolers
	Development in your Life: Exercising Your Infant’s Body and Senses
		Sensory Difficulties in the School Years: Visual, Auditory, and Speech Problems
		The Senses in Middle Adulthood
			Vision
			Hearing
			Metabolism and Reaction Time in Adulthood: Not-so-slowing Down
		Sensory Changes in Late Adulthood
			Vision
			Hearing
			Taste and Smell
			Game Over?
	Epilogue
	Looking Back
	Key Terms and Concepts
4 Health and Wellness
	Looking Ahead
	Module 4.1 Stress and Coping
		The Stages and Origins of Stress
			Stages of Stress
			Stress in Childhood: the Pressure to Make the Grade
			Adolescent Stress: Late to Bed, Early to Rise
			The Stresses of Adulthood
		The Consequences of Stress
		Coping with Stress
			Coping Strategies
			Hardiness, Resilience, and Coping
	Development in your Life: Coping with Stress
	Module 4.2 Illness and Well-being
		Malnutrition, Obesity, and Eating Disorders
			Malnutrition
			Obesity
			Eating Disorders
		Threats to Wellness and Health in Childhood and Adolescence
			Threats in Childhood
			Threats to Adolescents
		The Health Concerns of Adulthood
			Height, Weight, and Strength
			Health
	From Research to Practice: the Color of Pregnancy: Can Institutional Racism Account for Racial Health Disparities?
		Cultural and Other Factors Affecting Health
		Coronary Heart Disease
	Developmental Diversity and your Life: How Cultural Beliefs Influence Health and Health Care
		The Threat of Cancer
		Health Risks Facing Older Adults
			Common Physical Disorders in Older Adults
			Psychological and Mental Disorders in Older Adults
			Alzheimer’s Disease
	Development in your Life: Caring for People with Alzheimer’s Disease
	Module 4.3 Promoting Health and Wellness
		Good Diet: the Foundation of Wellness
			Breast or Bottle?
			Solid Foods: When and What?
			Effects of Diet
			Eating the Right Foods
		Exercise: Use It or Lose It?
		Sexuality
	Neuroscience and Development: Exercise, Depression, and the Brain: Moving your Way Toward a Better Mood
		The Climacteric and Menopause
		The Psychological Consequences of Menopause
	Developmental Diversity and your Life: the Experience of Menopause Across Cultures
		The Male Climacteric
	Wellness in Old Age: Avoiding the Inevitable?
		Factors Affecting Health in Old Age
		Promoting Good Health in Old Age
		Sex in Old Age
	Epilogue
	Looking Back
	Key Terms and Concepts
5 Cognitive Growth: Piaget and Vygotsky
	Looking Ahead
	Module 5.1 Piaget’s Approach to Cognitive Development
		Fundamentals of Piaget’s Theory
		Cognitive Development in Infancy: Piaget’s Sensorimotor Stage
			Substage 1: Simple Reflexes (first Month)
			Substage 2: First Habits and Primary Circular Reactions (1 to 4 Months)
			Substage 3: Secondary Circular Reactions (4 to 8 Months)
			Substage 4: Coordination of Secondary Circular Reactions (8 to 12 Months)
			Substage 5: Tertiary Circular Reactions (12 to 18 Months)
			Substage 6: Beginnings of Thought (18 Months to 2 Years)
		Cognitive Development in the Preschool Years
			Piaget’s Stage of Preoperational Thinking (ages 2 to 7)
			The Relationship Between Language and Thought
			Centration: What you see is what you Think
			Conservation: Learning That Appearances Are Deceiving
			Incomplete Understanding of Transformation
			Egocentrism: the Inability to Take Others’ Perspectives
			The Emergence of Intuitive Thought
		Cognitive Development in Middle Childhood and Adolescence
			The Rise of Concrete Operational Thought (ages 7 to 12)
	Development in your Life: Promoting Cognitive Development in Preschoolers: from Theory to the Classroom
		Piaget's Formal Ooperational Stage (Ages 12 to 15)
	Module 5.2 Appraising Piaget: Support, Challenges, and Alternatives
		The Critics Weigh in
			A Final Summation
		Beyond Piaget
			Labouvie-vief and Postformal Thought
			Perry’s Approach to Postformal Thinking
			Schaie’s Stages of Cognitive Development
			Comparing the Theories of Postformal Thought
	Module 5.3 Vygotsky’s View of Cognitive Development: Taking Culture into Account
		Cognitive Development and Social Interactions
	From Research to Practice: Screen Time and the Video Deficit
		The Zone of Proximal Development
			Scaffolding
			Cultural Tools
		Evaluating Vygotsky’s Contributions
	Developmental Diversity and your Life: a Walk Through a Cultural Landscape
	Epilogue
	Looking Back
	Key Terms and Concepts
6 Cognitive Growth: Information Processing Approaches
	Looking Ahead
	Module 6.1 the Basics of Information Processing
		Encoding, Storage, and Retrieval: the Foundations of Information Processing
			Automatization
		Cognitive Architecture: the Three-system Approach
			The Sensory Store
			Short-term Memory
			Working Memory
			Long-term Memory
			Long-term Memory Modules
		Comparing Information Processing Approaches to Alternative Theories of Cognitive Development
	Module 6.2 Attention and Memory
		Attention
			Control of Attention
			Planning
		Memory and Its Duration
			The Development of Basic Memory Capabilities
			The Duration of Memories
	From Research to Practice: Brain Growth may be Responsible for Infantile Amnesia
		Autobiographical Memory
	Developmental Diversity and your Life: Memory and Culture
		Memory Development and Control
	Neuroscience and Development: Sleep and Memory: Making the Case for Naps
		Memory Control Strategies
		The Growth of Metamemory and Content Knowledge
		Perspectives on Memory Development
		Memory in Adulthood: You Must Remember This
	Development in Your Life: Effective Strategies for Remembering
	Module 6.3 Applying Information Processing Approaches
		Children’s Eyewitness Testimony: Memory on Trial
		Information Processing Contributions to the Classroom
			How Should We Teach Reading?
			Teaching Critical Thinking
		Reconsidering the Information Processing Perspective
	From Research to Practice: Smartphones and Memory: a Complicated Relationship
	Epilogue
	Looking Back
	Key Terms and Concepts
7 Language Development
	Looking Ahead
	Module 7.1 the Course of Language Development
		The Fundamentals of Language and Prelinguistic Communication
			Prelinguistic Communication
			First Words: the Production of Speech
	Developmental Diversity and your Life: First Words Across the World
		First Sentences
		Linguistic Inaccuracies
		Language Advances During the Preschool Years
			Private Speech and Social Speech
		Language Development During Middle Childhood: Mastering Language
			Metalinguistic Awareness: Learning Self-control
	Development in your Life: Assessing Early Language Development
	Module 7.2 the Origins of Language Development
		Language Acquisition
			Learning Theory Approaches: Language as a Learned Skill
			Nativist Approaches: Language as an Innate Skill
			The Interactionist Perspective on Language Development
		How Are Language and Thought Related?
	Module 7.3 Children’s Conversations: Speaking to and with Children
		The Language of Infant-directed Speech
	Developmental Diversity and your Life: Is Infant-directed Speech Similar in all Cultures?
		The Links Between Language Development and Poverty
		English Language Learners: Bilingual Education Versus Immersion
			Bilingual Education
	From Research to Practice: the Benefits of Raising Bilingual Children
	Epilogue
	Looking Back
	Key Terms and Concepts
8 Intelligence
	Looking Ahead
	Module 8.1 Intelligence: Determining Individual Strengths
		Intelligence Benchmarks: Differentiating the Intelligent from the Unintelligent
			Binet’s Pioneering Efforts
			Developing the Measure of Intelligence
		Measuring IQ: Present-Day Approaches to Intelligence
		Central Issues in Intelligence Testing
			Group Administration
			Reliability and Validity
			The Meaning of Iq Scores
		What IQ Tests Don’t Tell: Alternative Conceptions of Intelligence
	Neuroscience and Development: the Source of the Eureka Moment
		Sternberg’s Triarchic Theory of Intelligence
		Creativity
	Module 8.2 Controversies Involving Intelligence
		What Is Infant Intelligence?
			Developmental Scales
			Information Processing Approaches to Infant Intelligence
		Achievement and Aptitude Tests: How do they Differ from Intelligence Tests?
		Group Differences in IQ
			Explaining Racial Differences in IQ
	Developmental Diversity and your Life: Can IQ Tests be Fair to all Students?
		The Bell Curve Controversy
		Cognitive Functioning in Adulthood
			Does Intelligence Decline in Adulthhood?
			Cross-sectional Research
			Longitudinal Research
			Crystallized and Fluid Intelligence
			Recent Conclusions About Adult Intelligence
			Reframing the Issue:focusing on Competence, Not Cognitive Abilities
	From Research to Practice: Can we Train the Brain?:interventions to Improve Cognitive Functioning in Later Life
	Development in your Life: Bulking up the Brain
	Module 8.3 Intellectual Disabilities and the Intellectually Gifted
		The Least Restrictive Environment
		Below the Norm: Intellectual Disability
		Above the Norm: the Gifted and Talented
			Unsociable Nerds or Intelligent, Well-adjusted People?
			Educating the Gifted and Talented
	Epilogue
	Looking Back
	Key Terms and Concepts
9 Social and Emotional Development
	Looking Ahead
	Module 9.1 Forging Early Social Relationships
		Attachment: Forming Social Bonds
			The Ainsworth Strange Situation and Patterns of Attachment
			Producing Attachment: the Roles of the Parents
		Infants’ Sociability with Their Peers: Infant–infant Interaction
	Module 9.2 Emotional Development
		Emotions in Infancy: Do Infants Experience Emotional Highs and Lows?
			Stranger Anxiety and Separation Anxiety
			Smiling
			Decoding Other's Facial and Vocal Expressions
		Social Referencing: Feeling What Others Feel
			Theory of Mind: Understanding What Others are Thinking
		Emotional Development in Middle Childhood and Adolescence
			Middle Childhood: Emotional Control and Empathy
			Emotional Development in Adolescence
		Emotional Difficulties in Adolescence: Anxiety, Depression, and Suicide
			Adolescent Anxiety
			Adolescent Depression
			Adolescent Suicide
	From Research to Practice: Enduring the Lonelinessof Covid-19
	Development in your Life: Preventing Suicide
		Emotions in Adulthood: Fulfilling Psychological Needs
			The Role of Psychological Needs in Determining Happiness
			Happiness in Late Adulthood: What Is the Secret?
	Module 9.3 Personality Development Across the Life Span
		Temperament: Stabilities in Infant Behavior
			Categorizing Temperament: Easy, Difficult, and Slow- To-warm Babies
			The Consequences of Temperament: Does Temperament Matter?
		Erikson’s Theory of Psychosocial Development
			Psychosocial Development During Infancy and Preschool
			Psychosocial Development During Middle Childhood and Adolescence
			Psychosocial Development During Early Adolthood
			Psychosocial Development During Midlife: Erikson’s Stage of Generativity Versus Stagnation
			Ego Integrity Versus Despair: Erikson’s Final Stage
			Erikson’s Approach in Perspective
		Moving Beyond Erikson: Personality Development During Adulthood
			Other Theorists: Vaillant and Gould
			Levinson’s Seasons of Life
			The Midlife Crisis: Reality or Myth?
			Personality in Late Adolthood
		Developmental Diversity and your Life: Middle Age: In Some Cultures it doesn’t Exist
			Levinson's Final Season: the Winter of Life
			Life Review and Reminiscence: the Common Theme of Adult Personality Development
		Trait Approaches to Personality
			The Big Five Personality Traits: Mapping Personality
			The Stability of Personality
			Personality and the Interaction of Genetics and the Environment
	Neuroscience and Development: Therapy can Change your Brain
	Epilogue
	Looking Back
	Key Terms and Concepts
10 Development of the Self
	Looking Ahead
	Module 10.1 the Development of the Self
		The Roots of Self-awareness
			Theory of Mind: Infants’ Perspectives on the Mental Lives of Others—and Themselves
			Self-concept in the Preschool Years: Thinking about the Self
		Understanding Oneself in Middle Childhood and Adolescence
			Middle Childhood: the Shift in Self-understanding from the Physical to the Psychological
			Adolescence: the Search for Identity
		Adulthood: Defining the Self Through Life Events
			The Social Clocks of Adolthood
			Women's Social Clocks
			The Role of Work in Shaping Identity During Adolthood
	Module 10.2 Evaluating the Self
		Self-esteem: Developing a Positive—or Negative— View of Oneself
			Self-esteem in Adolescence: How do I Like Myself?
		From Research to Practice: the Danger of Inflated Praise
			Beyond Adolescence: Self-esteem in Adulthood
			Gender Identity Differences in Self-esteem
			Socioeconomic Status and Self-esteem
	Developmental Diversity and your Life: Are Children of Immigrant Families Well Adjusted?
		Social Comparison: Asking “how do I Measure Up?”
			Downward Social Comparison
			Social Comparison in Adolescence: the Importance of Peer Groups
			The Consequences of Self-esteem
	Module 10.3 Picking an Occupation: Choosing Life’s Work
		Embarking on a Career
			Ginzberg’s Career Choice Theory
			Holland’s Personality Type Theory
		Development in your Life: Choosing a Career
			Gender and Career Choices: Women’s Work
			Immigrants on the Job: Making It in America
		Why do People Work? It’s more Than Earning a Living
			Intrinsic and Extrinsic Motivation
			Satisfaction on the Job
			A Change in Perspective: How Adults View Work at Midlife
			Switching—and Starting—careers at Midlife
		Challenges of Work: Burnout, Unemployment, and Age Discrimination
			Burnout
			Unemployment
			Older Workers: Combating Age Discrimination
	Epilogue
	Looking Back
	Key Terms and Concepts
11 Moral Development and Aggression
	Looking Ahead
	Module 11.1 Developing Morality: Following Society’s Rights and Wrongs
		Moral Development
			Social Learning Approaches to Morality
			Empathy in Adolescence
			Genetic Approaches to Morality
			Empathy and Moral Behavior
		Moral Reasoning and Prosocial Behavior
			Gilligan’s Account of Moral Development in Girls
		Moral Behavior and Moral Reasoning: Why the Disconnect?
			Prosocial Reasoning and Prosocial Behavior: the Other Side of the Coin
			Gender and Cultural Differences in Prosocial Behavior
		Effective Parenting: Teaching Desired Behavior
			Cultural Differences in Child-rearing Practices
	Module 11.2 Values, Religion, and Spirituality: Focusing on the Meaning of Life
		Religion in Childhood and Adolescence
		Religion and Spirituality in Adulthood
			Religion and Spirituality in Midlife
			Fowler’s Stages of Faith Development
			Religion in the Final Stages of Life
	Module 11.3 Aggression and Violence
		Aggression and Violence in Children: Sources and Consequences
			School Violence
		The Roots of Aggression
			Social Learning Approaches to Aggression
			Cognitive Approaches to Aggression: the Thoughts Behind Violence
		Media and Video Games with Violent Content: Are they Harmful?
	Developmental Diversity and your Life: Is Aggression as American as Apple Pie?
		Family Violence: the Hidden Epidemic
			The Prevalence of Spousal and Partner Abuse
			The Cultural Roots of Domestic Violence
			Child Abuse
	Development in your Life: Dealing with Spousaland Intimate Partner Abuse
	From Research to Practice: How the Pandemic was Especially Cruel to Vulnerable Children
		Elder Abuse: Relationships Gone Wrong
	Epilogue
	Looking Back
	Key Terms and Concepts
12 Gender and Sexuality
	Looking Ahead
	Module 12.1 Gender: do Boys have to Wear Blue and Girls have to Wear Pink?
		Gender Differences
			Gender Roles
		Gender Identity: Developing a Sense of Femaleness and Maleness
		Explaining Gender Differences
			Biological Perspectives on Gender Identity
			Psychoanalytic Perspectives on Gender Identity
			Social Learning Approaches to Gender Identity
			Cognitive Approaches to Gender Identity
	From Research to Practice: Transgender Children’s Understanding of Gender
	Module 12.2 Sexual Maturation and Sexuality
		Psychological Aspects of Sexual Maturation
			Body Image: Reactions to Physical Changes in Adolescence
			The Timing of Puberty: the Consequences of Early and Late Maturation
		Becoming Sexual
			Masturbation
		From Research to Practice: Adolescents and Pornography
			Sexual Intercourse
			Sexual Orientation: Heterosexuality, Homosexuality, Bisexuality, and Transgender Adolescents
			What Determines Sexual Orientation?
			Teenage Pregnancies
	Development in your Life: Preventing Unwanted Pregnancy
		The Ongoing Sexuality of Adulthood
			Sexuality in Old Age: Use It or Lose It
	Module 12.3 Relationships
		Getting to Know you: Dating and Falling in Love in the 21st Century
			The Functions of Dating
			Dating, Race, and Ethnicity
		Forging Relationships: Intimacy, Liking, and Loving During Early Adulthood
			Emerging Adulthood
			Falling in Love: When Liking Turns to Loving
			Passionate and Companionate Love: the Two Faces of Love
			Sternberg’s Triangular Theory: the Three Faces of Love
		Choosing a Partner: Recognizing Mr. or Ms. Right
			Seeking a Spouse: Does Love Matter? Filtering Models: Sifting Out a Spouse
		Developmental Diversity and your Life: Gay and Lesbian Relationships
			Attachment Styles and Romantic Relationships: Doadult Loving Styles Reflect Attachment in Infancy?
		The Course of Relationships
			Cohabitation, Marriage, and Other Relationship Choices: Sorting Out the Options of Early Adulthood
		The Ups and Downs of Marriage
			What Makes Marriage Work?
			Early Marital Conflict
			The Course of Marital Satisfaction
			Divorce
			Remarriage
			Marriage in the Later Years: Together, Then Alone
	Epilogue
	Looking Back
	Key Terms and Concepts
13 Friends and Family
	Looking Ahead
	Module 13.1 Social Relationships Across the Life Span
		Preschoolers’ Friendships
			Playing by the Rules: the Work of Play
			Categorizing Play
			The Social Aspects of Play
		Building Friendships in Middle Childhood
			Stages of Friendship: Changing Views of Friends
			Gender and Friendships: the Sex Segregation of Middle Childhood
		The Role of Peers in Adolescence
			Cliques and Crowds: Belonging to a Group
			Gender Relations
	Neuroscience and Development: Good as Gold? How Positive Endorsements on Social Media Affect the Brain
		Online Social Networks: Cyberspace Peers
		Popularity and Peer Pressure
			Personal Qualities and Popularity
	Developmental Diversity and your Life: Race Segregation: the Great Divide of Adolescence
		Popularity and Rejection
		Changing Relations with Relations in Adolescence
			The Quest for Autonomy
	From Research to Practice: What Does Your Brain Have to Do with Social Activism?
		The Generation Gap: Myth or Reality?
		Maintaining Social Networks: the Importance of Friendship in Adulthood
			What Makes for Friendship in Adulthood?
			The Social Networks of Later Adulthood
			Social Support: the Significance of Others
	Module 13.2 Family Life
		Parenthood Today: Choosing to Have Children
			The Transition to Parenthood: Two’s a Couple, Three’s a Crowd?
			Poverty and Family Life
		Changing Times: Family Life in the 21st Century
			Family Size
			Dual-earner Couples
		Family Constellations: the Array of Possibilities
			The Impact of Divorce on Children
			Living in Blended Families
			Single-parent Families
			Multigenerational Families
			Race and Family Life
		Gay and Lesbian Parents
	Module 13.3 Family Ties in Middle and Late Adulthood
		Family Evolutions: from Full House to Empty Nest
		Caught in the Middle at Midlife: Boomerang Children and Aging Parents
			The Sandwich Generation: Between Children and Parents
		Becoming a Grandparent: Generations Within the Family
			Great-grandchildren
			The Connection of Generations
		Retirement
			Negotiating Retirement: Lifestyle Choices
		Development in your Life: Planning for—and Living— a Good Retirement
			Financial Issues: the Economics of Late Adulthood
		Living Arrangements: the Places and Spaces of Their Lives
			Living at Home
			Specialized Living Environments
			Institutionalism and Learned Helplessness
	Epilogue
	Looking Back
	Key Terms and Concepts
14 Living in a Multicultural World: Diversity, Schooling, and Everyday Life and Leisure
	Looking Ahead
	Module 14.1 Living in a Multicultural World
		How Culture Defines Us
			Acculturation: When Cultures Collide
		Developing an Ethnic Identity
			Achieving Ethnic Identity
		The Impact of Socioeconomic Status and Poverty on Children and Adolescents
		Prejudice and Discrimination
			Prejudice, Stereotypes, and Discrimination: the Foundations of Hate
			The Roots of Prejudice
	Development in your Life: Taking a Stand Against Prejudice
	Module 14.2 Schooling Throughout the Life Span
		Early Childhood Education: Taking the Pre- Out of the Preschool Period
			The Variety of Early Education
			The Effectiveness of Childcare
			The Quality of Childcare
	Developmental Diversity and your Life: Preschools Around the World: Why Does the United States Lag Behind?
		Preparing Preschoolers for Academic Pursuits: Does Head Start Truly Provide a Head Start?
		From Kindergarten to High School: Preparing Students for Success
			What Makes Children Ready for School?
			Creating an Atmosphere That Promotes School Success Homeschooling: Living Rooms as Classrooms
	From Research to Practice: Is Reading from Digital Books Good for Preschoolers?
		In Transition: Making the Move from Elementary to Secondary School
		School Performance in Adolescence
		Ethnic and Racial Differences in School Achievement
		Dropping Out of School
		Beyond High School: the Pursuit of Higher Education and Lifelong Learning
			Who Goes to College?
			Gender Stereotypes in the Classroom
			Who Is the “average” College Student?
			Learning in Later Life: Never Too Late to Learn
	Module 14.3 Leisure
		Time on Their Hands: Leisure in Adolescence
			Spending Time
			Shifting Attention: This Is your Brain on Multitasking
			Media and Technology Use by Adolescents
		Life Beyond Work: More Time for Leisure in Middle Adulthood
			The Empty Nest: More Free Time
			A More Leisurely Pace?
	Epilogue
	Looking Back
	Key Terms and Concepts
15 Death and Dying
	Looking Ahead
	Module 15.1 Dying and Death Across the Life Span
		Defining Death: Determining the Point at Which Life Ends
		Death Across the Life Span: Causes and Reactions
			Death in Infancy and Childhood
			Childhood Conceptions of Death
			Death in Adolescence
			Death in Young Adulthood
			Death in Middle Adulthood
			Death in Late Adulthood
		Cultural Responses to Death
		Can Death Education Prepare Us for the Inevitable?
	Developmental Diversity and your Life: Differing Conceptions of Death
	Module 15.2 Confronting Death
		Understanding the Process of Dying: Are there Steps Toward Death?
			Denial
			Anger
			Bargaining
			Depression
			Acceptance
			Evaluating Kübler-ross’s Theory
		Choosing the Nature of Death: Is DNR the Way to Go?
			Living Wills
			Euthanasia and Aid in Dying
		Caring for the Terminally Ill: the Place of Death
	From Research to Practice: Palliative Care: Making the Most of (what’s Left of) Life
	Module 15.3 Grief and Bereavement
		Mourning and Funerals: Final Rites
			Cultural Differences in Grieving
		Bereavement and Grief: Adjusting to the Death of a Loved One
			Differentiating Unhealthy Grief from Normal Grief
			The Consequences of Grief and Bereavement
	Development in your Life: Helping a Child Cope with Grief
	Epilogue
	Looking Back
	Key Terms and Concepts
Reference
Name Index
Subject Index