Leisure: an introduction

Cover......Page 1
Leisure: An Introduction......Page 2
Contents......Page 6
List of figures......Page 12
List of tables......Page 16
List of plates......Page 18
Preface......Page 20
Acknowledgements......Page 24
 Introduction......Page 28
 Leisure in a changing world – what is leisure?......Page 32
 Reasons for studying leisure......Page 34
 Defining leisure......Page 37
 Distinguishing between leisure, recreation and tourism......Page 40
 Approaches to defining leisure......Page 42
 The leisure society......Page 46
 Leisure, recreation and play......Page 48
 Entertainment as leisure......Page 50
 Leisure, well-being and society......Page 54
 Leisure as a defining element of the individual, family and group......Page 56
 Leisure and globalisation......Page 59
 Summary......Page 60
 References......Page 61
 Introduction......Page 64
 The history of the study of leisure studies......Page 65
 Historical analysis of leisure......Page 68
 Reconstructing past histories of leisure: interpretation, focus and sources......Page 69
 Approaches and debates in the periodisation of leisure......Page 71
 Industrialisation, leisure and the rise of organised leisure......Page 83
 The early Victorian period: the 1800s......Page 87
 The mid-Victorian period: the 1840s......Page 88
 The late Victorian years: the 1880s......Page 90
 The 1920s and 1930s......Page 95
 The 1950s and 1960s......Page 97
 The 1970s and 1980s......Page 101
 Summary......Page 104
 Discussion questions......Page 105
 References......Page 106
 Introduction......Page 110
 What is the social value of leisure?......Page 115
 Social capital and leisure......Page 120
 The leisure setting......Page 121
 The family and leisure......Page 123
 Leisure lifestyles......Page 127
 Leisure, lifestyles and The Experience Economy......Page 128
 Social class and leisure......Page 132
 Work and leisure......Page 134
 The 24-hour society: implications for leisure?......Page 139
 Gender and leisure......Page 140
 Ageing and leisure......Page 143
 Race and leisure......Page 146
 Summary......Page 148
 References......Page 150
 Introduction......Page 154
 Leisure demand......Page 157
 Determinants of demand......Page 160
 The social-psychological determinants of leisure demand: the role of motivation......Page 162
 The reality of leisure demand: country studies of leisure participation......Page 169
 Barriers to leisure participation......Page 174
 Seasonality......Page 175
 The impact of financial resources on leisure demand......Page 176
 Social constraints on leisure demand: the case of disability......Page 178
 Social exclusion, inclusion and leisure participation......Page 181
 Leisure, fashions and tastes: shaping leisure preferences......Page 183
 Summary......Page 186
 References......Page 187
 Introduction......Page 190
 What is leisure supply?......Page 192
 Conceptualising leisure provision......Page 194
 Leisure supply and organisations......Page 198
 The leisure experience......Page 200
 The concept of leisure supply and resources......Page 202
 Classifying leisure resources: leisure resource typologies......Page 204
 Home-based leisure......Page 207
 Out-of-home leisure......Page 216
 The role of transport in leisure supply......Page 218
 Sustainable leisure transport: an optimistic objective?......Page 225
 Methods of analysing supply: evaluation tools......Page 227
 Summary......Page 233
 Discussion questions......Page 234
 References......Page 235
 Introduction......Page 238
 Understanding the role of the public, commercial and voluntary sectors in leisure: the case of children’s play......Page 239
 The public sector......Page 240
 Rationale for state involvement in leisure provision......Page 243
 Policy making and the state: the case of leisure policy......Page 244
 History of state involvement in leisure policy and provision......Page 246
 The commercial sector......Page 257
 The voluntary sector......Page 269
 The evolution of voluntary organisations......Page 272
 Summary......Page 276
 References......Page 278
 Introduction......Page 282
 Leisure planning......Page 283
 The evolution of leisure planning......Page 288
 The purpose, process of, and techniques used in leisure planning......Page 290
 Towards sustainable leisure planning and provision: a challenge for the twenty-first century?......Page 300
 The leisure consumer and leisure organisations......Page 305
 Leisure and marketing......Page 308
 Strategic planning......Page 311
 The marketing mix......Page 312
 Leisure consumers, leisure services and marketing......Page 314
 The role of marketing in public leisure services......Page 317
 Communicating with leisure consumers: The role of advertising and the media......Page 318
 Summary......Page 321
 Discussion questions......Page 322
 References......Page 323
 Introduction......Page 326
 Urban areas as a setting for leisure......Page 328
 Understanding the postmodern city and leisure......Page 333
 The scope of urban leisure provision......Page 341
 Urban leisure planning......Page 342
 Leisure centres and leisure provision in the urban environment......Page 344
 Urban parks and open space provision in urban areas......Page 346
 Contemporary issues in urban leisure: the street as an urban leisure space......Page 353
 Urban neighbourhood leisure: children’s leisure spaces and play......Page 360
 Leisure and the urban fringe......Page 363
 Summary......Page 365
 References......Page 367
 Introduction......Page 372
 Theoretical issues and postmodern society: culture and leisure......Page 376
 Defining the cultural industries......Page 378
 The creative city......Page 383
 Global dimensions of the cultural and creative economy......Page 385
 Events and festivals as leisure entertainment......Page 391
 Leisure as entertainment: the theme park industry......Page 398
 Las Vegas: the ultimate leisure entertainment destination......Page 402
 Summary......Page 404
 References......Page 405
 Introduction......Page 408
 Studying coastal leisure......Page 410
 What is coastal leisure?......Page 411
 Multidisciplinary contributions to coastal leisure......Page 412
 What is the coastal environment?......Page 413
 The history of coastal leisure......Page 414
 The attraction of the sea......Page 421
 What motivates visits to the coast?......Page 422
 The beach as a constructed leisure place......Page 425
 Who goes to the coast?......Page 430
 Recreational beach use......Page 432
 Managing coastal leisure......Page 435
 Summary......Page 442
 References......Page 443
 Introduction......Page 446
 Rural leisure, recreation and tourism: blurred boundaries?......Page 452
 What do we mean by rural?......Page 453
 Understanding transformations and changes in rural areas as settings for leisure and recreation......Page 456
 Contemporary issues in rural leisure......Page 460
 Demand and supply issues in rural leisure......Page 463
 Outdoor recreation and the rural environment......Page 471
 Preservation and conservation: national parks and wilderness areas......Page 473
 The impact of rural leisure: environmental, economic and social dimensions......Page 475
 Managing conflict in rural leisure......Page 479
 The future for rural leisure......Page 484
 Summary......Page 487
 Discussion questions......Page 488
 References......Page 489
 Introduction......Page 494
 Futurology: the study of the future......Page 497
 The concept of change and uncertainty in futures research......Page 501
 Scenario planning and uncertainty......Page 503
 Hypercompetition, change and commercial leisure......Page 505
 Microtrends and leisure......Page 507
 Change and the worlds of work and leisure......Page 509
 How to approach the future of leisure......Page 513
 Three contrasting views of the future of leisure......Page 514
 The reliability of leisure futures research and predictions......Page 517
 Current and future changes in leisure......Page 518
 Summary......Page 524
 References......Page 526
Index......Page 530