Legitimacy and the European Union

BOOK COVER......Page 1
HALF-TITLE......Page 2
TITLE......Page 3
COPYRIGHT......Page 4
CONTENTS......Page 5
ILLUSTRATIONS......Page 7
CONTRIBUTORS......Page 8
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS......Page 11
1 INTRODUCTION......Page 12
Legitimacy in the theoretical literature......Page 14
Established research agendas: public opinion and the democratic deficit......Page 18
Public opinion......Page 19
The democratic deficit......Page 21
Rethinking legitimacy in a contested polity......Page 23
Contestation and legitimacy......Page 24
New patterns of representation......Page 25
Policies......Page 27
Institutions......Page 29
Identities......Page 30
Bibliography......Page 32
Part 1 LEGITIMACY AND EU POLICIES......Page 36
2 EU LEGITIMACY AND THE “DEFENSIVE” REACTION TO THE SINGLE EUROPEAN MARKET......Page 37
The “great” transformation......Page 38
Legitimating the single market......Page 39
The single market: regulating for efficiency......Page 41
Member state aid to industry......Page 43
Liberalization and privatization of public enterprises......Page 44
Public procurement......Page 45
The “defensive” reaction......Page 46
The “European model” of society......Page 47
Promoting social cohesion......Page 49
Concluding implications......Page 51
Notes......Page 53
Bibliography......Page 54
3 UNITY-IN-DIVERSITY: CULTURAL POLICY AND EU LEGITIMACY......Page 57
The theme of unity......Page 58
The theme of diversity......Page 61
Policies to promote unity amid diversity......Page 63
Fostering unity......Page 64
Fostering diversity......Page 65
Unity-in-diversity: implications for legitimacy......Page 67
The EU as a framework for contestation......Page 68
Multiple identities......Page 69
Conclusion......Page 71
Notes......Page 72
Primary sources......Page 75
Secondary sources......Page 76
4 RECONCILIATION AND LEGITIMACY......Page 78
The central relevance of reconciliation for the European Union......Page 80
Reconciliation, public attitudes, and legitimacy......Page 82
Dimensions of an international role......Page 83
Contestation and legitimacy......Page 85
Distinctiveness and legitimacy......Page 87
Links between external and internal legitimacy......Page 89
The case of enlargement......Page 90
The contestation of enlargement......Page 91
Distinctiveness and enlargement......Page 93
Public support and enlargement......Page 94
Notes......Page 96
Bibliography......Page 98
Part 2 LEGITIMACY AND INSTITUTIONS......Page 104
5 POLITICAL PARTIES AND THE PROBLEM OF LEGITIMACY IN THE EUROPEAN UNION......Page 105
The EU and the problem of legitimacy......Page 106
Legitimacy and the attribution of issues......Page 108
Party relevance and European integration......Page 109
Party networks and the EU policy agenda......Page 112
The PES......Page 113
The EPP......Page 114
EMU and the convergence criteria......Page 116
The EPP network and issue agenda......Page 118
Justice and home affairs......Page 119
Conclusion......Page 121
Bibliography......Page 123
6 NATIONAL PARTIES AND THE CONTESTATION OF EUROPE......Page 126
New patterns of contestation......Page 127
Social democratic parties......Page 130
Liberal parties......Page 135
Christian democratic partiesChristian democratic parties have been more closely associated with the founding of the European Union than any other party family. Each of the countries that joined the European Coal and Steel Community and the European Economic Community in the 1950s had influential or governing Christian democratic parties, and all but one of the countries where such parties were strong (Austria) were part of the integration process. In sharp contrast to their conservative, socialis......Page 137
Conservative parties......Page 139
The shifting axis of national political contestation: competing explanations......Page 143
Bibliography......Page 145
7 THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND EU LEGITIMACY......Page 148
A European state-centered approach: federalism......Page 149
A nation state-centered approach: realism......Page 151
Shortcomings of established approaches......Page 152
Reconceptualizing the role of the EP......Page 153
Policy-making function: considerable progress......Page 155
System-development function: halting progress......Page 158
Interaction with citizens: a weak link......Page 160
Conclusion: a new kind of parliament in a new kind of polity......Page 163
Bibliography......Page 164
Part 3 LEGITIMAGY AND IDENTITY......Page 168
8 EU CITIZENSHIP: IMPLICATIONS FOR IDENTITY AND LEGITIMACY1......Page 169
The emergence of EU citizenship......Page 170
The evolution of EU citizenship......Page 171
Dimensions of EU citizenship......Page 173
Citizenship, legitimacy, and identity......Page 175
Public attitudes toward European citizenship......Page 176
Ratification controversies......Page 180
The 1996–97 IGC......Page 183
Implications of citizenship for the European polity......Page 185
Draft Treaty of Amsterdam amending the Treaty on European Union, the Treaties establishing the European Communities and certain related acts......Page 188
Article 8b......Page 189
Article 8e......Page 190
Notes......Page 191
Bibliography......Page 192
9 NATIONAL IDENTITY AND EU LEGITIMACY IN FRANCE AND GERMANY......Page 195
National identity and EU legitimacy......Page 196
Two dimensions of national identity......Page 197
Identity and EU legitimacy......Page 199
Analyzing the content of national identity......Page 200
The ECSC ratification controversy......Page 201
The Maastricht ratification controversy......Page 206
Conclusion......Page 210
Notes......Page 211
Bibliography......Page 212
10 POLITICAL RHETORIC AND THE LEGITIMATION OF THE EUROPEAN UNION......Page 215
Discourse and leadership......Page 217
Discourse and national culture......Page 218
Discourse and the problem of legitimacy at the European level......Page 219
Transnational party families and EU legitimacy......Page 222
Conclusion......Page 225
Notes......Page 226
Bibliography......Page 227
11 CONCLUSION......Page 229
Recognition: contestation and multiple identities......Page 230
Representation: informal patterns and multi-level institutions......Page 233
Conclusion: legitimacy in a contested polity......Page 235
INDEX......Page 237