Lectures On The History Of Moral Philosophy

Title Page......Page 3
Contents......Page 5
Editor\'s Forward......Page 11
A Note on the Texts......Page 21
§1. A Difference between Classical and Modern Moral Philosophy......Page 25
§2. The Main Problem of Greek Moral Philosophy......Page 27
§3. The Background of Modern Moral Philosophy......Page 29
§4. The Problems of Modern Moral Philosophy......Page 32
§5. The Relation between Religion and Science......Page 35
§6. Kant on Science and Religion......Page 38
§7. On Studying Historical Texts......Page 41
Hume......Page 43
§1. Background:Skepticism and the Fideism of Nature......Page 45
§2. Classi .cation of the Passions......Page 48
§3. Outline of Section .of Part III of Book II......Page 51
§4. Hume ’s Account of (Nonmoral)Deliberation:The Of .cial View......Page 55
§1. Three Questions about Hume ’s Of .cial View......Page 60
§2. Three Further Psychological Principles......Page 61
§3. Deliberation as Transforming the System of Passions......Page 64
§4. The General Appetite to Good......Page 67
§5. The General Appetite to Good:Passion or Principle?......Page 69
§1. The Capital of the Sciences......Page 75
§2. The Elements of Hume ’s Problem......Page 77
§3. The Origin of Justice and Property......Page 80
§4. The Circumstances of Justice......Page 82
§5. The Idea of Convention......Page 83
Examples and Supplemental Remarks......Page 85
§6. Justice as a Best Scheme of Conventions......Page 88
§7. The Two Stages of Development......Page 90
§1. Introduction......Page 93
§2. Some of Clarke ’s Main Claims......Page 94
§3. The Content of Right and Wrong......Page 99
§4. Rational Intuitionism ’s Moral Psychology......Page 101
§5. Hume ’s Critique of Rational Intuitionism......Page 102
§6. Hume ’s Second Argument:Morality Not Demonstrable......Page 105
§1. Introduction......Page 108
§2. Hume ’s Account of Sympathy......Page 109
§3. The First Objection:The Idea of the Judicious Spectator......Page 112
§4. The Second Objection:Virtue in Rags Is Still Virtue......Page 115
§5. The Epistemological Role of the Moral Sentiments......Page 117
§6. Whether Hume Has a Conception of Practical Reason......Page 120
§7. The Concluding Section of the Treatise......Page 122
Appendix: Hume ’s Disowning the Treatise......Page 125
Leibniz......Page 127
§1. Introduction......Page 129
§2. Leibniz ’s Metaphysical Perfectionism......Page 132
§3. The Concept of a Perfection......Page 135
§4. Leibniz ’s Predicate-in-Subject Theory of Truth......Page 138
§5. Some Comments on Leibniz ’s Account of Truth......Page 143
§1. The Complete Individual Concept Includes Active Powers......Page 147
§2. Spirits as Individual Rational Substances......Page 151
§3. True Freedom......Page 155
§4. Reason,Judgment,and Will......Page 158
§5. A Note on the Practical Point of View......Page 163
Kant......Page 165
§1. Introductory Comments......Page 167
§2. Some Points about the Preface:Paragraphs 11–13......Page 170
§3. The Idea of a Pure Will......Page 173
§4. The Main Argument of Groundwork I......Page 176
§5. The Absolute Value of a Good Will......Page 178
§6. The Special Purpose of Reason......Page 181
§7. Two Roles of the Good Will......Page 182
§1. Introduction......Page 186
§2. Features of Ideal Moral Agents......Page 188
§3. The Four-Step CI-Procedure......Page 191
§4. Kant ’s Second Example:The Deceitful Promise......Page 194
§5. Kant ’s Fourth Example:The Maxim of Indifference......Page 196
§6. Two Limits on Information......Page 199
§7. The Structure of Motives......Page 201
§1. The Relation between the Formulations......Page 205
§2. Statements of the Second Formulation......Page 207
§3. Duties of Justice and Duties of Virtue......Page 209
§4. What Is Humanity?......Page 211
§5. The Negative Interpretation......Page 214
§6. The Positive Interpretation......Page 218
§7. Conclusion:Remarks on Groundwork II:46–49(427–429)......Page 219
§1. Gaining Entry for the Moral Law......Page 224
§2. The Formulation of Autonomy and Its Interpretation......Page 227
§3. The Supremacy of Reason......Page 229
§4. The Realm of Ends......Page 232
§5. Bringing the Moral Law Nearer to Intuition......Page 235
§6. What Is the Analogy?......Page 238
§1. Introduction......Page 241
§2. The First Three of Six Conceptions of the Good......Page 243
§3. The Second Three Conceptions of the Good......Page 247
§4. Autonomy and Heteronomy......Page 250
§5. The Priority of Right......Page 254
§6. A Note on True Human Needs......Page 256
§1. Rational Intuitionism:A Final Look......Page 259
§2. Kant ’s Moral Constructivism......Page 261
§3. The Constructivist Procedure......Page 262
§4. An Observation and an Objection......Page 265
§5. Two Conceptions of Objectivity......Page 267
§6. The Categorical Imperative:In What Way Synthetic A Priori?......Page 271
§1. Introduction......Page 277
§2. The First Fact of Reason Passage......Page 279
§3. The Second Passage:§§5–8 of Chapter I of the Analytic......Page 282
§4. The Third Passage:Appendix I to Analytic I, Paragraphs 8–15......Page 285
§5. Why Kant Might Have Abandoned a Deduction for the Moral Law......Page 288
§6. What Kind of Authentication Does the Moral Law Have?......Page 290
§7. The Fifth and Sixth Fact of Reason Passages......Page 292
§8. Conclusion......Page 295
§1. Concluding Remarks on Constructivism and Due Re .ection......Page 297
§2. The Two Points of View......Page 299
§3. Kant ’s Opposition to Leibniz on Freedom......Page 301
§4. Absolute Spontaneity......Page 304
§5. The Moral Law as a Law of Freedom......Page 306
§6. The Ideas of Freedom......Page 309
§7. Conclusion......Page 313
§1. The Three Predispositions......Page 315
§2. The Free Power of Choice......Page 318
§3. The Rational Representation of the Origin of Evil......Page 322
§4. The Manichean Moral Psychology......Page 327
§5. The Roots of Moral Motivation in Our Person......Page 330
§1. The Practical Point of View......Page 333
§2. The Realm of Ends as Object of the Moral Law......Page 335
§3. The Highest Good as Object of the Moral Law......Page 337
§4. The Postulates of Vernunftglaube......Page 341
§5. The Content of Reasonable Faith......Page 343
§6. The Unity of Reason......Page 346
Hegel......Page 351
§1. Introduction......Page 353
§2. Philosophy as Reconciliation......Page 355
§3. The Free Will......Page 360
§4. Private Property......Page 364
§5. Civil Society......Page 368
§1. Sittlichkeit:The Account of Duty......Page 373
§2. Sittlichkeit:The State......Page 376
§3. Sittlichkeit:War and Peace......Page 382
§4. A Third Alternative......Page 386
§5. Hegel ’s Legacy as a Critic of Liberalism......Page 389
Appendix  /  Course Outline:Problems in Moral Philosophy......Page 397
Index......Page 401