Lecture notes. Clinical medicine

Title Page
Copyright Page
Contents
Preface to the Eighth Edition
Preface to the First Edition
Part 1 Clinical Examination
	Chapter 1 The medical interview
		Effective consultation
		Special circumstances
		Assessment of communication skills
		Reference
	Chapter 2 General examination
		Introduction
		Hands
		Face
		Neck
		Axillae
		Breasts (Fig. 2.1)
		Legs
		Notes
	Chapter 3 Cardiovascular system
		Introduction
		General inspection
		Blood pressure
		Hands
		Arterial pulses
		Jugular venous pressure and pulse (Table 3.2; Fig. 3.1)
		Heart
		Complete the examination
		Notes
	Chapter 4 Respiratory system
		History
		Examination
		Notes
		Investigation of the respiratory system
		Blood gases
		Interpretation of blood gases
		Pulmonary function tests
	Chapter 5 The abdomen
		Examination of the abdomen
		Notes
		Palpable kidneys
		Mass in right subcostal region
		Suprapubic mass
		Ascites
		Dysphagia
		Diarrhoea
		Jaundice
		Congenital non-haemolytic hyperbilirubinaemias
		Renal disease
	Chapter 6 Neurological system
		History
		Examination of the nervous system
		Mental state and higher cerebral function
		Speech disorders
		Cranial nerves
		Hearing and vestibular function (8th nerve)
		The limbs
		Notes
		Patterns of motor loss in the limbs
		Patterns of sensory loss in the limbs
		Abnormalities of coordination
		Abnormal gait
		Tremors
	Chapter 7 Endocrinology and metabolism
		History
		Examination
		Hands
		Arterial pulse
		Blood pressure
		Skin
		Face
		Eyes
		Neck
		Breasts
		External genitalia
		Legs
		Notes
	Chapter 8 Musculoskeletal system
		History
		Examination
		Notes
	Chapter 9 Assessment
		Standard setting
		Assessment of clinical competence
Part 2 Clinical Medicine
	Chapter 10 Cardiovascular disease
		Ischaemic heart disease
		Myocardial infarction
		Arrhythmias
		Cardiorespiratory arrest
		Cardiovascular disorders and driving
		Heart failure
		Ventricular arrhythmias and sudden death
		Hypertension
		Severe hypertension
		Hypertension in relation to other conditions
		Valvular heart disease
		Congenital heart disease
		Atrial septal defect (ASD)
		Patent ductus arteriosus
		Ventricular septal defect
		Fallot’s tetralogy
		Coarctation of the aorta
		Eisenmenger syndrome
		Infective endocarditis
		Constrictive pericarditis
		Acute pericarditis
		Syphilitic aortitis and carditis
		Cardiomyopathy
		Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
		Dilated (congestive) cardiomyopathy
		Restrictive cardiomyopathy
		Peripheral arterial disease
		Intermittent claudication
		Acute obstruction
		Ischaemic foot
		Raynaud’s phenomenon
		Reference
	Chapter 11 Respiratory disease
		Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)
		Asthma
		Respiratory failure
		Acute on chronic respiratory failure
		Acute anaphylaxis
		Pneumonia
		Lung abscess
		Bronchiectasis
		Pneumothorax
		Cystic fibrosis
		Lung cancer
		Bronchial adenoma
		Sarcoidosis
		Tuberculosis
		Occupational lung diseases
		Obstructive sleep apnoea
		Pulmonary embolism
		Hyperventilation syndrome
		Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis
		Adult respiratory distress syndrome
	Chapter 12 Gastroenterology
		Gastric and duodenal ulceration
		Gastric carcinoma
		Hiatus hernia and gastro-oesophageal reflux
		Inflammatory bowel disease (ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s disease)
		Extraintestinal manifestations of inflammatory bowel disease
		Intestinal cancer in inflammatory bowel disease
		Endocrine tumours of the gut
		Endocrine tumours of the pancreas
		Gastrointestinal haemorrhage
		Steatorrhoea and malabsorption
		Diverticular disease
		Irritable bowel syndrome
		Ischaemic colitis
		Pancreas
		Gall bladder
	Chapter 13 Liver disease
		Acute hepatitis
		Viral hepatitis
		Autoimmune hepatitis
		Alcoholic hepatitis
		Chronic liver disease
		Non alcoholic fatty liver disease
		Cirrhosis
		Hepatocellular failure
		Portal hypertension
		Budd–Chiari syndrome
		Rare cirrhoses
		Drug jaundice
	Chapter 14 Renal disease
		Urinary tract infection
		Stones
		Chronic interstitial nephritis
		Reflux nephropathy
		Proteinuria
		Nephrotic syndrome
		Haematuria
		Acute kidney injury
		Chronic kidney disease
		Glomerulonephritis
		IgA-Nephropathy
		Henoch-Schönlein purpura
		Membranous nephropathy
		Membranoproliferative (mesangiocapillary) glomerulonephritis
		Minimal-change nephropathy
		Focal glomerulosclerosis
		Systemic vasculitis
		Renal lesion
		Antiglomerular basement membrane disease (Goodpasture’s disease)
		Systemic lupus erythematosus
		Post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis
		Fluid and electrolytes
		Metabolic acidosis
		Metabolic alkalosis
		Hypercalcaemia
		Hypocalcaemia
		Hypomagnesaemia
		Hyperphosphataemia
		Hypophosphataemia
		Uric acid
	Chapter 15 Neurology
		Headache
		Primary headache syndromes
		Secondary causes of headache
		Neuralgias
		Epilepsy
		Stroke
		Venous infarction
		Transient ischaemic attack (TIA)
		Extracerebral haemorrhage
		Dementia
		Motor neurone disease
		Parkinson’s disease and other extrapyramidal disorders
		Disorders of the spinal cord (Table 15.6)
		Peripheral nerve disorders
		Disorders of the neuromuscular junction
		Disorders of muscles
		Neurological infections
		Head injury and the Glasgow Coma Scale
	Chapter 16 Endocrine disorders
		Thyroid
		Pituitary
		Adrenal
	Chapter 17 Metabolic disorders
		Diabetes mellitus
		Diabetic emergencies
		Long-term diabetic complications
		Other complications
		Diabetes and pregnancy
		Other important information for patients with diabetes
		Dyslipidaemia
		Obesity
		Under(mal)nutrition
		Vitamin deficiencies
		Enteral feeding
		Parenteral nutrition
		Anorexia nervosa
		Porphyria
		Metabolic bone disease
		Hypercalcaemia
		Hyperparathyroidism
		Hypocalcaemia
		Hypoparathyroidism
	Chapter 18 Rheumatology
		Osteoarthritis (OA)
		Rheumatoid arthritis (RA)
		The spondyloarthropathies (SpA)
		Autoimmune rheumatic disorders (connective tissue diseases)
		Idiopathic inflammatory myopathies
		Vasculitides
		Large-vessel vasculitis
		Takayasu’s arteritis (‘pulseless disease’)
		Medium-sized vessel vasculitis
		Small-vessel vasculitides
		Non-AAV small-vessel vasculitides
		Other vasculitides
		Crystal arthropathies
		Miscellaneous inflammatory rheumatological disorders
		Miscellaneous non-inflammatory rheumatological disorders
	Chapter 19 Dermatology
		Psoriasis
		Eczema/dermatitis
		Acne vulgaris
		Rosacea
		Hidradenitis suppurativa
		Bacterial, viral, fungal and parasitic skin infections
		Cutaneous drug reactions
		Skin manifestations of systemic disease
		Bullous disorders
		Benign and malignant skin tumours
		Miscellaneous skin conditions
		Disorders of the hair and nails
	Chapter 20 Haematology
		Peripheral blood film features (Fig. 20.1)
		Reticulocytes
		Normocytic anaemia
		Microcytic anaemia
		Macrocytic anaemia
		Pancytopenia
		Marrow suppression
		Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR)
		Anaemia
		Haemolytic anaemia (Table 20.3)
		Marrow disorders
		Bleeding disorders
		Leukaemia
		Lymphoma
		Myeloma
	Chapter 21 Infectious diseases
		Imported diseases
		Septicaemia
		Influenza
		Human immunodeficiency virus infection
		Infectious mononucleosis (glandular fever)
		Tuberculosis
		Chronic fatigue syndrome
	Chapter 22 Toxicology
		Clinical presentation
		Management
		Carbon monoxide poisoning
Index
EULA