Learning from Other Countries: The Cross-National Dimension in Urban Policy Making

Book Cover......Page 1
Half-Title......Page 2
Title......Page 3
Copyright......Page 4
Contents......Page 5
List of figures......Page 8
Acknowledgements......Page 9
List of contributors......Page 11
FOREWORD......Page 13
PART ONE The design and implementation of cross-national research projects......Page 18
1 Introduction......Page 20
NOTES......Page 22
2 The historian’s perspective......Page 24
THE DEVELOPMENT OF CROSS-NATIONAL STUDIES......Page 25
THE HISTORIAN’S CONTRIBUTION: TRANSFER AND INNOVATION......Page 28
REFERENCES......Page 30
THE NATURE OF CROSS-NATIONAL COMPARATIVE PLANNING STUDIES......Page 32
THE CHOICE OF RESEARCH STRATEGY......Page 34
THE DESIGN OF CROSS-NATIONAL COMPARATIVE RESEARCH PROJECTS......Page 36
Fieldwork......Page 38
Comparative evaluation......Page 39
CONCLUSIONS......Page 41
REFERENCES......Page 42
4 Translating theory into practice......Page 44
OBJECTIVES OF CROSS-NATIONAL STUDY......Page 45
REVIEW OF SELECTED STUDIES......Page 47
PRACTICAL ISSUES AND CHOICES......Page 54
REFERENCES......Page 58
5 The problem of comparative research: the case of France......Page 62
FRENCH LOCAL GOVERNMENT......Page 63
FRENCH ADMINISTRATIVE LAW......Page 66
THE CONTROL OF DEVELOPMENT IN FRANCE: TWO CASE STUDIES......Page 67
THE CASES ANALYSED......Page 69
CONCLUSIONS......Page 70
REFERENCES......Page 72
PART TWO The study of planning in other cultures......Page 74
6 Introduction......Page 76
7 Problems in cross-national research: an East European perspective......Page 80
OBSTACLES TO CROSS-NATIONAL RESEARCH......Page 81
SOME LESSONS FROM CROSS-NATIONAL RESEARCH......Page 83
REFERENCES......Page 84
CASE STUDIES AND COMPARATIVE RESEARCH......Page 86
TYPES OF KNOWLEDGE, LEVELS OF INQUIRY......Page 89
ETHNOCENTRISM IN COMPARATIVE RESEARCH......Page 90
REFERENCES......Page 95
9 Comparative studies to counter ethnocentric urban planning......Page 98
FORMS OF COMPARATIVE STUDIES......Page 99
ADAPTING THE URBAN THEORY: INTERNAL DYNAMICS OF LAHORE, PAKISTAN3......Page 101
Refining Concepts and Extending Theories......Page 102
The Function Versus the Structure......Page 103
Particularizing the Universals......Page 104
NOTES......Page 106
REFERENCES......Page 107
PART THREE The diffusion of planning ideas: the case of new towns......Page 108
10 Introduction......Page 110
EUROPEAN NEW TOWNS......Page 112
HONG KONG......Page 114
NEW CAPITAL CITIES......Page 115
PRESSURES FOR CHANGE......Page 117
CONCLUSION......Page 118
REFERENCES......Page 119
CONTEXT OF FRENCH NEW TOWNS......Page 122
IMPLEMENTATION OF THE NEW TOWNS PROGRAMME......Page 126
TRANSFER AND DIFFUSION......Page 128
CONCLUSIONS......Page 129
REFERENCES......Page 130
THE AIMS AND OBJECTIVES OF THE REGIONAL PLAN (1953)......Page 132
THE OBJECTIVES OF THE NEW TOWNS PROGRAMME......Page 133
NOWA HUTA......Page 135
NOWA TYCHY......Page 136
The inefficiency of public transport (railway)......Page 137
The structure and density of the residential development......Page 138
CONCLUSIONS......Page 139
REFERENCES......Page 140
WHAT DO WE MEAN BY THE NEW TOWN IDEA?......Page 142
WHY ARE COUNTRIES ATTRACTED TO THE NEW TOWN IDEA?......Page 143
NEW TOWN PROJECTS AND LOCAL URBAN DEVELOPMENT PROCESSES......Page 145
A BRIEF EXAMPLE: VENEZUELA......Page 149
SOME IMPLICATIONS......Page 153
REFERENCES......Page 154
PART FOUR  The role of international agencies in promoting cross-national comparisons......Page 156
15 Introduction......Page 158
REFERENCES......Page 161
THEORY AND POLICY TESTING......Page 164
SUPRANATIONAL AGENCIES......Page 166
OPPORTUNITIES FOR THEORY TESTING......Page 167
The OECD......Page 168
The European Communities......Page 170
CONCLUDING REMARKS......Page 171
REFERENCES......Page 172
INTERNATIONAL URBAN POPULATION DATA BASES......Page 174
THE CURRENT OECD URBAN DATA BASE......Page 176
Selection of Urban Areas......Page 177
THE NEW OECD URBAN DATA BASE......Page 178
Urban Area Definition......Page 179
REFERENCES......Page 181
18 Working with international agencies......Page 184
REFERENCES......Page 189
19 The transferability of planning experience between countries......Page 190
EXPORTING PLANNING EXPERIENCE......Page 192
IMPORTING PLANNING EXPERIENCE......Page 195
FUTURE PROSPECTS......Page 197
REFERENCES......Page 199
POSTSCRIPT......Page 202
SUPPLEMENT......Page 206
20 Introduction......Page 208
SURVEY OF FIELD COURSES AND CROSS-NATIONAL TEACHING......Page 209
COURSE LINKAGE......Page 212
LANGUAGE COURSES......Page 214
RESEARCH......Page 216
CONCLUSIONS......Page 217
THE UNDERGRADUATE DEGREE......Page 220
INFLUENCE OF RUHR-MERSEY RESEARCH ON THE TEACHING PROGRAMME......Page 221
CONCLUSION......Page 224