Language Standardization and Language Change: The Dynamics of Cape Dutch (Impact: Studies in Language and Society, IMPACT 19)

Editorial page......Page 3
Title page......Page 4
LCC page......Page 5
Dedication......Page 6
Epigraph......Page 7
Table of contents......Page 8
List of figures......Page 12
List of tables......Page 16
Acknowledgements......Page 20
Introduction......Page 22
Linguistic focusing: From variation continua to language standards......Page 23
Codification and functional diversification: From language standards to standard languages......Page 27
Afrikaans historical sociolinguistics......Page 29
Outline of the book......Page 31
Notes......Page 32
History......Page 34
Historical corpora and their interpretation......Page 36
Language contact and language change at the Cape: Sociohistorical and linguistic evidence......Page 42
Mechanisms and outcomes of language change......Page 59
The insights of the acrolect......Page 61
Summary: Setting the stage......Page 62
Notes......Page 63
The rise of dialect writing......Page 66
Afrikaner nationalism and early vernacular standardization......Page 75
Folk taxonomies and language attitudes......Page 80
A diglossic community?......Page 84
The linguistic marketplace and its entrepreneurs......Page 92
Summary: The language question at the Cape......Page 94
Notes......Page 95
The Cape Dutch speech community: Core and periphery......Page 98
Literacy and writing practices......Page 104
The Corpus of Cape Dutch Correspondence......Page 108
Age......Page 111
Gender......Page 112
Ethnicity......Page 113
Social class......Page 116
Summary: An acrolectal and mesolectal corpus......Page 121
Notes......Page 123
Variation analysis......Page 124
Statistics and variation studies: More than a numbers game......Page 126
Numerical taxonomy......Page 128
Hierarchical cluster analysis5......Page 131
Example (Labov 1969)......Page 136
Multidimensional scaling......Page 141
Example (Labov 1969)......Page 143
Principal components analysis (PCA)12......Page 144
Example (Labov 1969)......Page 148
Focusing, diffusion and fixity: A statistical perspective......Page 151
Notes......Page 153
Variation analysis: Some caveats......Page 156
The verbal system......Page 158
The apocope of [t] - An example of morphophonemic variation......Page 167
Apocope of -e(n)......Page 173
Past tense variation......Page 177
Tense and aspect adverbials......Page 181
Nominal gender agreement......Page 186
The attributive adjective inflection......Page 190
Summary: Morphosyntactic standardization as a process of rule extension......Page 196
Notes......Page 198
Personal pronouns......Page 200
Third person singular subject/object pronouns......Page 202
First person plural subject pronoun (ons)......Page 204
Third person plural subject/object pronouns (hulle)......Page 206
Attributive possessive pronouns......Page 208
Summary of pronoun use in the corpus......Page 209
The relativizer......Page 210
The demonstrative pronouns hierdie and daardie......Page 214
The negation......Page 217
The infinitive clause......Page 225
Objective vir......Page 228
The periphrastic possessive......Page 232
Summary: Comparing distribution patterns......Page 236
Notes......Page 239
Identifying lects in the data......Page 242
Morphosyntactic variation......Page 251
Morpholexical variation......Page 255
Summary of results of the multivariate analysis......Page 256
Examining the social dimensions......Page 257
Linguistic patterns in the dialect writing tradition......Page 261
Standardization and diglossia revisited......Page 264
Afrikaans-Dutch code-mixing/switching......Page 270
Summary......Page 278
Notes......Page 279
Establishing the norm......Page 280
British colonial rule: 1806-1910......Page 282
English-Dutch/Afrikaans code-mixing/switching......Page 284
Anglicisms......Page 291
Language conflict and language purism: Moenie jou languages mix nie......Page 293
Notes......Page 298
Networks, modernization and nationalism......Page 300
Reconstructing historical social networks......Page 303
Ties of coalition and cooperation: The Afrikaner nationalists......Page 309
The rise of Afrikaans: Daar buite in die bloue lug
......Page 313
Summary......Page 316
Notes......Page 317
Epilogue......Page 318
Hypothesis II: Against diglossia......Page 319
Hypothesis III: Shaping the linguistic market......Page 321
Hypothesis IV: The role of the 'middle classes' and the standard as a social symbol......Page 322
Hypothesis V: Language standards as 'focused' clusters of idiolects......Page 323
Note......Page 325
Appendix......Page 326
Official publications......Page 336
Index......Page 376
The series IMPACT: STUDIES IN LANGUAGE AND SOCIETY......Page 383