Language, Cognition, and Computational Models

Contents......Page 6
Figures......Page 10
Tables......Page 11
Contributors......Page 16
Part I About This Book......Page 18
  1.1 On the Relationships between Natural Language Processing and Cognitive Sciences......Page 20
  1.2 Recent Issues in Cognitive Aspects of Language Modeling......Page 25
  1.3 Content and Structure of the Book......Page 31
Part II Models of Neural and Cognitive Processing......Page 42
  2.1 Introduction......Page 44
  2.2 An Interdisciplinary View of Language Processing......Page 45
  2.3 The Theoretical Framework: Property Grammars......Page 56
  2.4 Chunks, Constructions, and Properties......Page 59
  2.5 The Hybrid Architecture......Page 63
  2.6 Conclusion......Page 66
  3.1 Introduction......Page 70
  3.2 Grounding Language Architecture in the Brain......Page 72
  3.3 Decoding Words in the Brain......Page 79
  3.4 Phrases in the Brain......Page 83
  3.5 Stories in the Brain......Page 85
  3.6 Summary......Page 89
 4 Graph Theory Applied to Speech: Insights on Cognitive Deficit Diagnosis and Dream Research......Page 98
  4.1 Introduction......Page 99
  4.2 Semantic Analysis for the Diagnosis of Psychosis......Page 101
  4.3 What Is a Speech Graph?......Page 102
  4.4 Speech Graphs as a Strategy to Quantify Symptoms on Psychosis......Page 105
  4.5 Differences in Speech Graphs due to Content (waking × dream reports)......Page 109
  4.6 Speech Graphs Applied to Dementia......Page 111
  4.7 Future Perspectives......Page 113
Part III Data Driven Models......Page 116
  5.1 Explicit and Implicit Information......Page 118
  5.2 Features......Page 125
  5.3 Linguistic Computation and Computational Linguistics......Page 131
  5.4 Conclusion......Page 133
 6 A Distributional Model of Verb-Specific Semantic Roles Inferences......Page 135
  6.1 Representing and Acquiring Thematic Roles......Page 136
  6.2 Characterizing the Semantic Content of Verb Proto-roles......Page 139
  6.3 A Distributional Model of Thematic Roles......Page 147
  6.4 Experiments with Our Neo-Davidsonian Model......Page 156
  6.5 Conclusion......Page 165
  7.1 Introduction......Page 176
  7.2 Data......Page 182
  7.3 Methods......Page 185
  7.4 Results......Page 189
  7.5 Conclusion......Page 198
  8.1 Introduction......Page 202
  8.2 Early Speech Segmentation......Page 204
  8.3 A Bayesian Segmentation Strategy......Page 207
  8.4 How Well Does This Work Cross-Linguistically?......Page 213
  8.5 How Useful Are the Units?......Page 224
  8.6 Closing Thoughts......Page 236
Part IV Social and Language Evolution......Page 242
  9.1 Introduction......Page 244
  9.2 Is Language a Communication System in the Strong Sense?......Page 245
  9.3 What is the Proper Social Account for the Exaptation of Language for Communication?......Page 250
  9.4 Conclusion......Page 267
  10.1 Introduction......Page 273
  10.2 Computer Models of Cultural Evolution......Page 279
  10.3 Cultural Feedback......Page 295
  10.4 Conclusion......Page 298
  11.1 Introduction......Page 306
  11.2 German Declension: Not as Awful as It Seems......Page 307
  11.3 Evaluating the Efficiency of Syncretism......Page 317
  11.4 Discussion and Conclusions......Page 331
Index......Page 336