Kurdish Notables and the Ottoman State: Evolving Identities, Competing Loyalties, and Shifting Boundaries

Kurdish Notables and the Ottoman State
Contents
Acknowledgments
Note on Transliteration and Translation
Illustrations
1. Introduction
	The Role of Kurdish Nationalism in the Emergence of the Turkish Republic
	A Brief Discussion of Nationalism
		Different Interpretations of Nationalism
	Ethnicity, Nationalism, and the Development of Identity
		Nationalism in the Kurdish Case
	Nationalism and Notables in the Ottoman Empire
	Boundaries of the Research
	Organization and General Arguments of the Chapters
2. Evolution of Group Identity: The Kurds and Kurdistan in Historical Texts
	Origin of the Kurds
	Kurds and Kurdistan in Medieval Sources
		Serefhan Bitlisi
	The Seventeenth Century: Ahmed-i Hani
	Evliya Çelebi: A View of An Ottoman Traveler
	Kurds and Kurdistan in the Late Ottoman Period
		Kürdistan: The First Kurdish Newspaper
		Semseddin Sami
	The Post-World War I Period
	Conclusion
3. State-Tribe Relations: Ottoman Empire and Kurdish Tribalism Since the Sixteenth Century
	Tribe, Emirate, and the Kurds
		Theoretical Framework
		Definition of Kurdish Tribes
	Kurdish Tribalism Prior to the Ottoman Conquest
	Ottoman-Safavid Relations and “Kurdistan”
	Ottoman Administration in the Sixteenth and Seventeenth Centuries
		Classical Ottoman Administration
		Ottoman Administration in Kurdistan
	Decreasing Level of Autonomy
	Ottoman Administrative Policies in Nineteenth-Century Kurdistan
	Conclusion: Consequences of Ottoman Rule
4. Kurdish “Protonationalism”?: The Nineteenth and Early Twentieth Centuries
	The Nationalist Dimension of Kurdish Militancy
		Bedirhan Pasha and His Revolt of 1847
		The Naqshbandi Semdinan Family and Sayyid Ubeydullah
	A Transformation to Nationalism: Two Kurdish Cultural and Political Organizations, 1908–20
		Kürt Teavün ve Terakki Cemiyeti, or the Society for the Mutual Aid and Progress of Kurdistan (SMPK)
		Kürdistan Teali Cemiyeti, or the Society for the Advancement of Kurdistan (SAK) of 1918
5. The Role of Preexisting Ties and Notables in the Emergence of Kurdish Nationalism
	The Naksibendi Semdinan Family
		Sayyid Abdulkadir (1851–1925)
	The Bedirhani Family
		Emin Ali Bedirhan
		Celadet Ali and Kamuran Ali Bedirhan
		Other Members of the SAK in the Bedirhani Family
	The Cemilpasazade Family
		Ekrem Cemilpasa
		Kadri Cemilpasa (Zinar Silopi)
	Shaykh Sefik Efendi (Arvasi)
	Mehmet Serif Pasha
	Bediüzzaman Said Nursi
	Hizanizade Bitlizli Kemal Fevzi
	Conclusion
6. Concluding Remarks and Suggestions for Further Research
	Directions for further Research in the Republican Period
Notes
	Chapter 1
	Chapter 2
	Chapter 3
	Chapter 4
	Chapter 5
	Chapter 6
Bibliography
Index
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