J.D. Lee Concise Inorganic Chemistry for JEE (Main & Advanced) [, 4 ed.]

Cover
Title
Copyright
Preface
Note to the Student
Contents
1. Structure of an Atom
	1.1 Atoms
	1.2 Some Important Definitions
	1.3 Electronic Configuration of an Atom
		Quantum numbers
		Aufbau principle
		Pauli exclusion principle
		Hund’s rule
		Stability of half-filled and fully-filled shells
		Electronic configuration of ions
		Nodal planes of different orbitals
		Slater’s rule
			Periodic variation of Zeff values
	Single Correct Choice Type Questions
	Multiple Correct Choice Type Questions
	Comprehension Type Questions
	Assertion-Reasoning Type Questions
	Integer Answer Type Questions
	Matrix-Match Type Questions
	Answers
2. Periodic Table and Periodic Properties
	2.1 Periodic Table
		Genesis of periodic classification
			Dobereiner’s triad
			Newland’s octave law
			Lother Meyer’s curve
			Mendeleev’s periodic table
		Moseley’s work
		Modern periodic law
	2.2 Classification of Elements Based on Electronic Configuration
		Prediction of period and group number of an element from its electronic configuration
		Neil Bohr’s classification
		Naming of super heavy elements
	2.3 Periodic Trends in Properties
		Atomic radius
			Covalent radius
			Metallic radius
			van der Waals radius
			Periodic variation of atomic radii
		Ionic radius
		Ionization energy
			Periodic variations in ionization energy
		Applications of ionization energy
		Electron affinity
			Periodic trends of electron affinity
		Electronegativity
			Periodic variations of electronegativity
			Applications of Electronegativity
		Lattice Energy
		Hydration Energy
		Ionic Mobility
	Single Correct Choice Type Questions
	Multiple Correct Choice Type Questions
	Comprehension Type Questions
	Assertion–Reasoning Type Questions
	Integer Answer Type Questions
	Matrix–Match Type Questions
	Answers
3. Chemical Bonding
	3.1 Attainment of a Stable Configuration
	3.2 Types of Bonds
	3.3 Transitions Between the Main Types of Bonding
		Ionic bonds
		Covalent bonds
		Oxidation numbers
		Coordinate bonds
		Double and triple bonds
		Metallic bonds and metallic structures
	3.4 The Covalent Bond
		The Lewis theory
			The octet rule
			Exceptions to the octet rule
		Sidgwick–Powell theory
	3.5 Valence Bond Theory
		What is the essence of hybridization?
		Features of hybrid orbitals
		Calculation of steric number
	3.6 Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion (VSEPR) Theory
		Effect of lone pair
		Effect of double bond
		Effect of electronegativity
		Back bonding
	3.7 The Extent of d Orbital Participation in Molecular Bonding
	3.8 Types of Covalent Bonds (Sigma (σ) and Pi (π) Bonds)
		Bridge bonding
	3.9 Molecular Orbital Method
	3.10 Lcao Method
		s–s combinations of orbitals
		s–p combinations of orbitals
		p–p combinations of orbitals
		p–d combinations of orbitals
		d–d combinations of orbitals
		Non-bonding combinations of orbitals
	3.11 Rules for Linear Combination of Atomic Orbitals
	3.12 Examples of Molecular Orbital Treatment for Homonuclear Diatomic Molecules
		H2+ molecule ion
		H2 molecule
		He2+ molecule ion
		He2 molecule
		Li2 molecule
		Be2 molecule
		B2 molecule
		C2 molecule
		N2 molecule
		O2 molecule
		O2- ion
		F2 molecule
	3.13 Examples of Molecular Orbital Treatment for Heteronuclear Diatomic Molecules
		NO molecule
		CO molecule
	3.14 Dipole Moment
		Applications of dipole moment
		Some special cases
	3.15 The Ionic Bond
		Radius ratio rules
		Calculation of some limiting radius ratio values
	3.16 Close Packing
	3.17 Ionic Compounds of the Type AX (ZnS, NaCl, CsCl)
		Structures of zinc sulphide
		Sodium chloride structure
		Caesium chloride structure
	3.18 Ionic Compounds of the Type AX2 (CaF2, TiO2, SiO2)
		Calcium fluoride (fluorite) structure
		Rutile structure
		β-cristobalite (silica) structure
	3.19 Layer Structures (CdI2, CdCl2, [NIAs])
		Cadmium iodide structure
		Cadmium chloride structure
		Nickel arsenide structure
	3.20 Lattice Energy
	3.21 Stoichiometric Defects
		Schottky defects
		Frenkel defects
	3.22 Nonstoichiometric Defects
		Metal excess
			F-centres
			Interstitial ions and electrons
		Metal deficiency
			Positive ions absent
			Extra interstitial negative ions
	3.23 Born–Haber Cycle
	3.24 Polarizing Power and Polarizability – Fajans’ Rules
		Properties of ionic compounds affected by polarization
	3.25 Melting Point of Ionic Compounds
	3.26 Solubility of Ionic Compounds
		Prediction of solubility order in ionic compounds
	3.27 Electrical Conductivity and Colour
	3.28 Acidic Nature of Oxides
	3.29 Thermal Stability of Ionic Compounds
	3.30 Weak Forces
		Attractive intermolecular forces
		Repulsive intermolecuar forces
		Lennard–Jones potential
	3.31 Interactions between Ions and Covalent Molecules
	3.32 The Metallic Bond
		Conductivity
		Lustre
		Malleability and cohesive force
		Crystal structures of metals
		Bond lengths
	3.33 Theories of Bonding in Metals
		Free electron theory
		Valence bond theory
		Molecular orbital or band theory
	3.34 Conductors, Insulators and Semiconductors
	Single Correct Choice Type Questions
	Multiple Correct Choice Type Questions
	Comprehension Type Questions
	Assertion–Reasoning Type Questions
	Integer Answer Type Questions
	Matrix–Match Type Questions
	Answers
4. Hydrolysis
	4.1 Introduction
	4.2 Hydrolysis Through SN1 Mechanism
	4.3 Hydrolysis Through SN2 Mechanism
	4.4 Hydrolysis Through Addition–Elimination Mechanism
	4.5 Hydrolysis Through Addition Mechanism
	4.6 Hydrolysis Through Redox Reaction
	4.7 Hydrolysis Through Push–Pull Mechanism
	4.8 Hydrolysis Through Mixed Mechanism
	Single Correct Choice Type Questions
	Multiple Correct Choice Type Questions
	Comprehension Type Questions
	Assertion–Reasoning Type Questions
	Integer Answer Type Questions
	Matrix–Match Type Questions
	Answers
5. Coordination Compounds
	5.1 Double Salts and Coordination Compounds
	5.2 Werner’s Work
	5.3 More Recent Methods of Studying Complexes
	5.4 Classification of Ligands
	5.5 Effective Atomic Number (EAN)
		Sidgwick EAN rule
	5.6 Shapes of d Orbitals
	5.7 Bonding in Transition Metal Complexes
		Valence bond theory
		Crystal field theory
		Molecular orbital theory
	5.8 Valence Bond Theory
	5.9 Crystal Field Theory
		Octahedral complexes
	5.10 Effects of Crystal Field Splitting
	5.11 Tetragonal Distortion of Octahedral Complexes (Jahn-Teller Distortion)
	5.12 Square Planar Arrangements
	5.13 Tetrahedral Complexes
	5.14 Magnetism
	5.15 Extension of the Crystal Field Theory to Allow for Some Covalency
	5.16 Nomenclature of Coordination Compounds
	5.17 Isomerism
		Polymerization isomerism
		Ionization isomerism
		Hydrate isomerism
		Linkage isomerism
		Coordination isomerism
		Coordination position isomerism
		Geometrical isomerism and optical isomerism
	Single Correct Choice Type Questions
	Multiple Correct Choice Type Questions
	Comprehension Type Questions
	Assertion–Reasoning Type Questions
	Integer Answer Type Questions
	Matrix–Match Type Questions
	Answers
6. Metallurgy
	6.1 Types of Ores
	6.2 Principal Steps in the Recovery of a Metal from its Ore
	6.3 Concentration or Dressing of Ore
		Gravity separation or levigation
		Magnetic separation
		Froth floatation or oil floatation
		Chemical method of separation: Leaching
	6.4 Conversion of Concentrated Ore into its Oxide
		Calcination
		Roasting
	6.5 Different Reduction Processes
		Carbon reduction
		Self reduction
		Thermite reduction (or Goldschmidt-Thermite process)
		Metal replacement method (Hydrometallurgy)
		Electrolytic reduction
		Thermal decomposition method
	6.6 Purification or Refining of Metal
		Thermal refining
			Oxidation by air and poling
			Fractional distillation
			Liquation
			Zone refining
			Vapour phase refining
		Electrorefining
	6.7 Thermodynamics of Reduction Process
	6.8 Alloys and Amalgams
		Classification of alloys
		Characteristics of alloys
		Preparation of alloys
		Amalgam
	6.9 Different Types of Furnaces Used in Metallurgy
	6.10 Extraction of Silver
		Refining of Ag
	6.11 Extraction of Gold by Cyanide Process
		Refining of Au
	6.12 Extraction of Tin
		Refining of Sn
	6.13 Extraction of Magnesium
		Electrolytic reduction
		Carbon reduction process
		Other processes
	6.14 Extraction of Aluminium
		Beneficiation of bauxite
			Bayer’s process
			Hall’s process
			Serpeck’s process
		Electrolytic reduction of pure Al2O3
		Electrorefining of aluminium
	6.15 Extraction of Lead
		Carbon reduction
		Self reduction process
		Refining of lead
	6.16 Extraction of Copper
		Refining of blister copper
	6.17 Extraction of Zinc
	6.18 Extraction of Iron
		Purification of iron or preparation of wrought iron
			Byproducts of iron extraction
		Steel making
			Some heat treatment processes related to steel
	Single Correct Choice Type Questions
	Multiple Correct Choice Type Questions
	Comprehension Type Questions
	Assertion–Reasoning Type Questions
	Integer Answer Type Questions
	Matrix–Match Type Questions
	Answers
7. Qualitative Salt Analysis
	Tests for Acid Radicals
	7.1 Action of Dilute Acids
	7.2 Tests for CO23-/HCO3- and SO23-/HSO3- Radicals
		Distinction between carbonate and bicarbonate
		Detection of carbonate and bicarbonate when both are present together
		Distinction between sulphite and bisulphite
		Some other tests for SO23- ions
	7.3 Tests for Sulphide (S2-) Radical
	7.4 Tests for Thiosulphate (S2O23-) Radical
	7.5 Tests for Nitrite (NO2-) Radical
	7.6 Tests for Acetate, Formate and Oxalate Radicals
		Specific test for acetate (cacodyl oxide test)
		Specific test for formate (mercury (II) formate test)
		Specific tests for oxalate
	7.7 Tests for Halide (Cl-, Br-, I-) Radicals
		Specific test for Cl- (chromyl chloride test)
		Specific test for Br- and I- (layer test)
		Other test for Br-
		Other tests for I-
	7.8 Tests for Nitrate (NO3-) Radical
	7.9 Tests for Sulphate (SO24-) Radical
	7.10 Tests for Borate (Bo33-) Radical
	7.11 Tests for Phosphate (PO34-) Radical
	7.12 Tests for Chromate (CrO24-) and Dichromate (Cr2O27-) Radicals
	7.13 Tests for Permanganate (MnO4-) and Manganate (MnO24-) Radicals
	Tests for Basic Radicals
	7.14 Dry Tests for Basic Radicals
		Heating effects on the dry sample
			Residue
			Colour change
			Sublimation
			Gas evolved
		Flame test
		Borax bead test
		Sodium carbonate bead test
	7.15 Wet Tests for Basic Radicals
		Classification of cations (group analysis)
	7.16 Some General Tests for Cations
		Tests for group V cations
		Tests for group VI and zero group cations
	7.17 Specific Tests for Some Cations
	Heating Effects
	Single Correct Choice Type Questions
	Multiple Correct Choice Type Questions
	Comprehension Type Questions
	Assertion–Reasoning Type Questions
	Integer Answer Type Questions
	Matrix–Match Type Questions
	Answers
8. Hydrogen and the Hydrides
	8.1 Electronic Structure
	8.2 Position in the Periodic Table
	8.3 Abundance of Hydrogen
	8.4 Preparation of Hydrogen
	8.5 Properties of Molecular Hydrogen
		Physical properties
		Chemical properties
		Use of hydrogen as fuel
	8.6 Isotopes of Hydrogen
	8.7 Ortho and Para Hydrogen
	8.8 Hydrides
		Ionic or salt-like hydrides
		Covalent hydrides
		Metallic (or interstitial) hydrides
		Intermediate hydrides
	8.9 The Hydrogen Ion
	8.10 Hydrogen Bonding
		Intermolecular hydrogen bonding
			Effect of intermolecular hydrogen bonding on physical properties
		Intramolecular hydrogen bonding
			Effect of intramolecular hydrogen bonding on physical and chemical properties
		Strength of hydrogen bonding
		Extent of hydrogen bonding
		Special cases of hydrogen bonding
	Single Correct Choice Type Questions
	Multiple Correct Choice Type Questions
	Comprehension Type Questions
	Assertion–Reasoning Type Questions
	Integer Answer Type Questions
	Matrix–Match Type Questions
	Answers
9. The s-Block Elements and their Compounds
	Group 1 – The Alkali Metals
	9.1 General Properties
		Electronic structure
		Size of atoms and ions
		Density
		Ionization energy
		Electronegativity and bond type
	9.2 Structures of the Metals, Hardness and Cohesive Energy
		Melting and boiling points
	9.3 Flame Colours and Spectra
	9.4 Colour of Compounds
	9.5 Chemical Properties
		Reaction with water
		Reaction with air
		Reaction with dinitrogen
	9.6 Oxides, Hydroxides, Peroxides and Superoxides
		Reaction with air
		Normal oxides – monoxides
		Hydroxides
		Peroxides and superoxides
	9.7 Sulphides
	9.8 Oxosalts – Carbonates, Bicarbonates, Nitrates, Nitrites and Sulphates
	9.9 Halides and Polyhalides
	9.10 Hydrides
	9.11 Solubility and Hydration
	9.12 Solutions of Metals in Liquid Ammonia
	9.13 Compounds with Carbon
	9.14 Complexes, Crowns and Crypts
	9.15 Biological Importance
	9.16 Differences between Lithium and the Other Group 1 Elements
	9.17 Preparation of Sodium Hydroxide
	9.18 Electrolytic Processes
		Diaphragm cell
		Mercury cathode cell
	9.19 Preparation of Sodium Carbonate
	9.20 The Solvay (or Ammonia – Soda) Process
	Group 2 – The Alkaline Earth Elements
	9.21 General Properties
		Electronic structure
		Size of atoms and ions
		Ionization energy
		Electronegativity
		Hydration energies
		Solubility and lattice energy
		Solutions of the metals in liquid ammonia
	9.22 Anomalous Behaviour of Beryllium
	9.23 Chemical Properties
		Reaction with water
	9.24 Hydroxides
	9.25 Hardness of Water
	9.26 Reaction with Acids and Bases
	9.27 Oxides and Peroxides
	9.28 Sulphates
	9.29 Nitrates
	9.30 Hydrides
	9.31 Halides
	9.32 Nitrides
	9.33 Carbides
	9.34 Complexes
	9.35 Biological Role of Mg2+ and Ca2+
	9.36 Differences between Beryllium and the Other Group 2 Elements
	Single Correct Choice Type Questions
	Multiple Correct Choice Type Questions
	Comprehension Type Questions
	Assertion–Reasoning Type Questions
	Integer Answer Type Questions
	Matrix–Match Type Questions
	Answers
10. The p-Block Elements and their Compounds
	Part 1: The Group 13 Elements
	10.1 Oxidation States and Types of Bonds
		The (+III) oxidation state
		The (+I) oxidation state – the ‘inert pair effect’
	10.2 General Properties
		Melting points, boiling points and structures
		Size of atoms and ions
		Electropositive character
		Ionization energy
	10.3 Preparation of Boron
	10.4 Reactions of Boron
	10.5 Reactions of the Other Elements
		Reaction with water and air
		Reaction with acids and alkalis
		Reaction with dioxygen
		Reaction with the halogens and sulphate
		Alums
		Cement
	10.6 Compounds of Boron and Oxygen
		Boron sesquioxide and the borates
		Acidic properties of H3BO3 or B(OH)3
		Structures of borates
		Borax
		Sodium peroxoborate
		Qualitative analysis of boron compounds
		Fluoboric acid
	10.7 The Other Group 13 Oxides
		Preparation of Al2O3
		Amphoteric behaviour – aluminates
	10.8 Tetrahydridoborates (Borohydrides)
	10.9 Halides
		Trihalides
		Dihalides
	10.10 Complexes
	10.11 Differences Between Boron and the Other Elements (Anomalous Behaviour of Boron)
	10.12 Boron Hydrides
		Compounds known
		Preparation
	10.13 Reactions of the Boranes
		Hydroboration
		Reaction with ammonia
		Some other reactions of boranes
	10.14 Structures of the Boranes
	10.15 Organometallic Compounds
	Single Correct Choice Type Questions
	Multiple Correct Choice Type Questions
	Comprehension Type Questions
	Assertion–Reasoning Type Questions
	Integer Answer Type Questions
	Matrix–Match Type Questions
	Answers
	Part 2: The Group 14 Elements
	10.16 Structure and Allotropy of the Elements
	10.17 Differences Between Carbon, Silicon and the Remaining Elements
	10.18 Physical Properties
		Covalent radii
		Ionization energy
		Melting points
		Metallic and non-metallic character
		Four-covalent compounds
	10.19 Chemical Reactivity
		Inert pair effect
	10.20 Carbides
		Salt-like carbides
		Interstitial carbides
		Covalent carbides
	10.21 Oxygen Compounds of Carbon
		Carbon monoxide CO
		Carbon dioxide CO2
			Preparation of CO2
			Recovery of CO2
		Carbon suboxides
	10.22 Carbonates
	10.23 Sulphides of Carbon
	10.24 Oxides of Silicon
	10.25 Oxides of Tin and Lead
		Oxides of Tin
			Preparation
			Properties
		Oxides of Lead
			Preparation of PbO
			Properties of PbO
			Preparation of PbO2
			Properties of PbO2
			Preparation of Pb2O3
			Properties of Pb2O3
			Preparation of Pb3O4
			Properties of Pb3O4
	10.26 Silicates
		Occurrence in the Earth’s crust
		Soluble silicates
	10.27 Classification of Silicates
		Orthosilicates (neso-silicates)
		Pyrosilicates (soro-silicates, disilicates)
		Cyclic silicates
		Chain silicates
		Sheet silicates (phyllo-silicates)
		Three-dimensional silicates
			Zeolites
	10.28 Glass
	10.29 Organosilicon Compounds and the Silicones
		Organosilicon compounds
		Preparation of organosilicon compounds
		Silicones
			Uses of silicones
	10.30 Hydrides of Silicon
	10.31 Complexes
	10.32 Internal π Bonding Using d Orbitals
	10.33 Halides
		Tetrahalides
			Carbon
			Freons
			Silicon
			Tin and lead
		Catenated halides
		Dihalides
	10.34 Organic Derivatives
	Single Correct Choice Type Questions
	Multiple Correct Choice Type Questions
	Comprehension Type Questions
	Assertion–Reasoning Type Questions
	Integer Answer Type Questions
	Matrix–Match Type Questions
	Answers
	Part 3: The Group 15 Elements
	10.35 General Properties and Structures of the Elements
		Nitrogen
		Phosphorus
		Bond type
		Metallic and non-metallic character
		Reactivity
	10.36 Hydrides
		Ammonia NH3
			Ammonium salts
		Phosphine PH3
		Arsine AsH3, stibine SbH3 and bismuthine BiH3
		Structure of the hydrides
		Donor properties
		Hydrazine N2H4
		Hydroxylamine NH2OH
	10.37 Liquid Ammonia as a Solvent
	10.38 Hydrogen Azide and the Azides
	10.39 Nitrogen Fixation
		Cyanamide process
		Haber–Bosch process
	10.40 NPK Fertilizers
		Urea
		Phosphate fertilizers
	10.41 Halides
		Trihalides
		Pentahalides
	10.42 Oxides of Nitrogen
		Nitrous oxide N2O
		Nitric oxide NO
		Nitrogen sesquioxide N2O3
		Nitrogen dioxide NO2 and dinitrogen tetroxide N2O4
		Dinitrogen pentoxide N2O5
	10.43 Oxoacids of Nitrogen
		Nitrous acid HNO2
		Nitric acid HNO3
			Other Chemical Properties of HNO3
	10.44 Oxides of Phosphorus
		Trioxides
		Pentoxides
	10.45 Oxoacids of Phosphorus
		The phosphoric acid series
			Orthophosphoric acids
			Polyphosphates
			Graham's salt
			Metaphosphates – cyclophosphates
		The phosphorous acid series
			Orthophosphorous acid H3PO3
			Hypophosphorous acid H3PO2
		Major uses of phosphates
	Single Correct Choice Type Questions
	Multiple Correct Choice Type Questions
	Comprehension Type Questions
	Assertion–Reasoning Type Questions
	Integer Answer Type Questions
	Matrix–Match Type Questions
	Answers
	Part 4: The Group 16 Elements – Chalcogens
	10.46 General Properties
		Electronic structure and oxidation states
		Acid rain and SO2
		Uses of sulphur
	10.47 Structure and Allotropy of the Elements
		Oxygen
		Ozone
			Preparation of ozone
			Physical properties
			Chemical properties
			Uses of ozone
			Estimation of ozone
		Sulphur
	10.48 Physical Properties
	10.49 Chemical Reactivity
		Oxidation states (+II), (+IV) and (+VI)
		Bond lengths and pπ – dπ bonding
		Differences between oxygen and the other elements
	10.50 General Properties of Oxides
		Classification based on structure
			Normal oxides
			Peroxides
			Suboxides
		Classification based on chemical properties
			Basic oxides
			Amphoteric oxides
			Acidic oxides
			Neutral oxides
	10.51 Oxides of Sulphur
		Dioxide SO2
			Chemical properties
			Estimation of SO2
			Detection of SO2
			Uses
		Trioxide SO3
	10.52 Oxoacids of Sulphur
		Sulphurous acid
		Sulphuric acid series
			Physical properties
			Chemical properties
			Dehydrating properties
			Uses of sulphuric acid
			Thiosulphuric acid and thiosulphates
			Pyrosulphates
		Thionic acid series
		Peroxoacid series
	10.53 Oxohalides
		Thionyl compounds
		Sulphuryl compounds
	10.54 Hydrides
		Water
		Other hydrides
		Peroxides and polysulphides
		Hydrogen peroxide
			Preparation
			Physical properties
			Chemical properties
			Uses
	10.55 Halides
	Single Correct Choice Type Questions
	Multiple Correct Choice Type Questions
	Comprehension Type Questions
	Assertion–Reasoning Type Questions
	Integer Answer Type Questions
	Matrix–Match Type Questions
	Answers
	Part 5: The Group 17 Elements – The Halogens
	10.56 Extraction and Uses of the Elements
		Fluorine
		Chlorine
		Bromine
		Iodine
	10.57 General Properties
		Size of atoms and ions
		Ionization energy
		Type of bonds formed and oxidation states
		Melting and boiling points
		Bond energy in X2 molecules
		Oxidizing power
	10.58 Reaction with Water
	10.59 Reactivity of the Elements
	10.60 Hydrogen Halides HX
		HF
		HCl
		HBr and HI
	10.61 Halides
		Ionic halides
		Molecular (covalent) halides
		Bridging halides
	10.62 Halogen Oxides
		Oxygen difluoride OF2
		Dioxygen difluoride O2F2
		Dichlorine monoxide Cl2O
			Bleaching powder
		Chlorine dioxide ClO2
		Chlorine perchlorate Cl · ClO4
		Dichlorine hexoxide Cl2O6
		Dichlorine heptoxide Cl2O7
	10.63 Oxoacids
		Hypohalous acids HOX
		Halous acids HXO2
		Halic acids HXO3
		Perhalic acids HXO4
		Strength of the oxoacids
	10.64 Interhalogen Compounds
		AX, AX3 and AX5 compounds
	10.65 Polyhalides
	10.66 Pseudohalogens and Pseudohalides
	Single Correct Choice Type Questions
	Multiple Correct Choice Type Questions
	Comprehension Type Questions
	Assertion–Reasoning Type Questions
	Integer Answer Type Questions
	Matrix–Match Type Questions
	Answers
	Part 6: The Group 18 Elements – Noble Gases
	10.67 Occurrence and Recovery of the Elements
	10.68 Uses of the Elements
	10.69 Physical Properties
	10.70 Special Properties of Helium
	10.71 Chemical Properties of the Noble Gases
		Molecular ions formed under excited conditions
		Clathrate compounds
	10.72 Chemistry of Xenon
		Xenon fluoride complexes
	10.73 Structure and Bonding in Xenon Compounds
		XeF2
		XeF4
		XeF6
	10.74 Structures of Some Xenon Compounds
	Single Correct Choice Type Questions
	Multiple Correct Choice Type Questions
	Comprehension Type Questions
	Assertion–Reasoning Type Questions
	Integer Answer Type Questions
	Matrix–Match Type Questions
	Answers
	Miscellaneous Questions
	Single Correct Choice Type Questions
	Multiple Correct Choice Type Questions
	Comprehension Type Questions
	Assertion–Reasoning Type Questions
	Integer Answer Type Questions
	Matrix–Match Type Questions
	Answers
11. The d-Block Elements and some of their Compounds
	11.1 Variable Oxidation State
		Stability of the various oxidation states
	11.2 Complexes
	11.3 Size of Atoms and Ions
	11.4 Density
	11.5 Melting and Boiling Points
	11.6 Reactivity of Metals
	11.7 Ionization Energies
	11.8 Colour
		Polarization
		Incompletely filled d or f shell
	11.9 Magnetic Properties
	11.10 Catalytic Properties
	11.11 Nonstoichiometry
	11.12 Abundance
	11.13 Chromate and Dichromate
		Preparation
		Properties
	11.14 Manganate and Permanganate
		Preparation
		Properties
	11.15 Silver and its Compounds
		Silver nitrate (AgNO3)
			Properties
			Properties
			Use
	11.16 Zinc Compounds
		Zinc oxide (ZnO)
			Preparation
			Properties
			Uses
		Zinc chloride (ZnCl2)
			Preparation
			Properties
			Uses
		Zinc sulphate (ZnSO4)
			Preparation
			Properties
			Uses
	11.17 Copper Compounds
		Copper oxide (CuO)
			Preparation
			Properties
		Copper chloride (CuCl2)
			Preparation
			Properties
		Copper sulphate (CuSO4)
			Preparation
			Properties
	11.18 Iron Compounds
		Iron sulphate (FeSO4.7H2O)
			Preparation
			Properties
		Iron oxide (FeO)
			Preparation
			Properties
		Iron chloride (FeCl2)
			Preparation
			Properties
			Uses
	Single Correct Choice Type Questions
	Multiple Correct Choice Type Questions
	Comprehension Type Questions
	Assertion–Reasoning Type Questions
	Integer Answer Type Questions
	Matrix–Match Type Questions
	Answers
12. The f-Block Elements and their Properties
	12.1 Lanthanoids
		Properties of lanthanoids and their ions
			Atomic and ionic radii
			Oxidation states
			Color
			Magnetic properties
			Some other properties of lanthanoids
		Uses of lanthanoids
	12.2 Actinoids
		Properties of actinoids and their ions
			Atomic and ionic radii
			Oxidation states
			Magnetic properties
			Colour
			Melting points and boiling points
			Physical appearance
		Uses of actinoids
	12.3 Comparison between Lanthanoids and Actinoids
		Similarities
		Differences
	Single Correct Choice Type Questions
	Answers
Appendices
	Appendix A: Abundance of the Elements in the Earth’s Crust
	Appendix B: Melting Points of the Elements
	Appendix C: Boiling Points of the Elements
	Appendix D: Densities of the Solid and Liquid Elements
	Appendix E: Electronic Structures of the Elements
	Appendix F: Some Average Single Bond Energies and Some Double and Triple Bond Energies
	Appendix G: Solubilities of Main Group Compounds in Water
	Appendix H: Atomic Weights Based on 12 C = 12.000
	Appendix I: Values of Some Fundamental Physical Constants
	Appendix J: Electrical Resistivity of the Elements at the Stated Temperature
	Appendix K: Hardness of Minerals – Mohs’ Scale
JEE (ADVANCED) 2018
JEE Main 2019
Index
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