Italian verbs for dummies

Italian Verbs For Dummies......Page 3
Acknowledgments......Page 5
Contents at a Glance......Page 7
Table of Contents......Page 9
About This Book......Page 13
Foolish Assumptions......Page 14
How This Book Is Organized......Page 15
Where to Go from Here......Page 16
Part I: Speaking of the Present......Page 17
Breaking Down Italian Verbs......Page 19
Meeting the Personal Pronouns Face to Face......Page 21
Other Ways to Classify Verbs and Amaze Your Friends......Page 22
Answer Key......Page 24
Conjugating -are Verbs......Page 25
Conjugating -ere Verbs......Page 30
Conjugating -ire Verbs......Page 32
Putting It All Together......Page 34
Answer Key......Page 35
Conjugating the “Little Verbs”: Dare, Stare, and Fare......Page 37
Coming and Going with Venire and Andare......Page 41
Declaring Your Needs, Wants, and Abilities: Dovere, Volere, and Potere......Page 43
I’m Telling You, Don’t Leave Home without Dire and Uscire!......Page 45
Drink It All In with Bere......Page 46
Utilizing Some Not-So-Common (But Not-So-Uncommon) Irregular Verbs......Page 47
Answer Key......Page 50
To Be: Conjugating Essere......Page 53
To Have: Conjugating Avere......Page 55
Forming Idiomatic Expressions with Avere......Page 56
Inserting Essere or Avere into Sentences......Page 58
Asking and Answering Questions......Page 59
Answer Key......Page 62
Pairing Reflexive Pronouns with Reflexive Verbs......Page 65
Conjugating Reflexive Verbs......Page 66
Altering the Position of Reflexive Pronouns......Page 71
Focusing on “Each Other” with the Reciprocal Form......Page 72
Answer Key......Page 74
Constructing Commands (Of the Tu, Noi, and Voi Variety)......Page 77
Adding Pronouns to the Imperative......Page 82
Commanding Politely: Forming the Lei and Loro Forms of the Imperative......Page 85
Answer Key......Page 88
The Indirect Object of Piacere’s Affection......Page 91
Choosing between Piace and Piacciono......Page 92
Expressing Likes (And Dislikes) in Any Tense......Page 95
Piacere: The Rest of the Story......Page 97
Missing You! Conjugating Mancare......Page 98
Answer Key......Page 100
Part II: Looking to the Past and the Future......Page 103
Perfecting the Uses of the Imperfect......Page 105
Forming Perfect Sentences with the Imperfect......Page 107
Putting It All Together......Page 110
Answer Key......Page 113
Patrolling for Uses of the Past Absolute......Page 115
Conjugating Regular Verbs......Page 116
Addressing Irregular Verbs......Page 117
Alternating the Past Absolute with the Imperfect......Page 122
Answer Key......Page 123
Forming the Regular Future Tense......Page 125
Spelling Out -are Exceptions......Page 127
Working with Irregular Roots......Page 129
Talking About the Future......Page 131
Answer Key......Page 135
Forming the Regular Conditional......Page 139
Creating the Irregular Conditional......Page 141
Dovere, Potere, e Volere: Should, Could, and Would Like To in the Conditional......Page 143
Answer Key......Page 145
Forming the Present Subjunctive Mood......Page 147
Mastering Spelling Exceptions and Irregular Forms within the Present Subjunctive......Page 150
Making the Present Subjunctive a Valuable Tool......Page 154
Answer Key......Page 161
Making the Imperfect Subjunctive Work for You......Page 167
Forming the Imperfect Subjunctive to Wish, Doubt, and Express......Page 169
Regulating Irregular Imperfect Subjunctives......Page 173
Answer Key......Page 175
Part III: Building Compound Tenses......Page 177
Forming the Present Perfect Tense......Page 179
Knowing When to Use Essere or Avere as Your Auxiliary Verb......Page 180
Surveying the Past for Uses of the Present Perfect......Page 188
Answer Key......Page 191
Forming the Passato Prossimo of Reflexive Verbs......Page 195
Right Back at Ya: The Reciprocal Form in the Past Tense......Page 197
Answer Key......Page 200
Forming the Future Perfect Tense (Futuro Anteriore)......Page 203
Putting the Future Perfect to Use Now......Page 205
Talking about the Hypothetical Future......Page 206
Answer Key......Page 208
Forming the Past Conditional ( Condizionale Passato)......Page 209
Using the Past Conditional to Play Woulda, Coulda, Shoulda......Page 211
Expressing Responsibilities, Desires, and Abilities in the Past Conditional......Page 212
Answer Key......Page 214
Implementing the Past Perfect Tense......Page 215
Answer Key......Page 219
Forming the Past Subjunctive (Congiuntivo Passato)......Page 221
Answer Key......Page 225
Forming the Past Perfect Subjunctive (Trapassato)......Page 227
Sequencing Your Tenses in the Subjunctive......Page 230
Answer Key......Page 232
Part IV: Reviewing a Few Underappreciated Tenses and Forms......Page 235
Expressing Conditions within the Realm of Reality......Page 237
Examining Hypothetical Constructions of Probability (And Possibility)......Page 239
What-iffing the Impossible......Page 241
Come Se: In a Category of Its Own......Page 242
Putting It All Together......Page 243
Answer Key......Page 245
Forming the Impersonal in the Present......Page 247
Applying the Impersonal in Other Tenses......Page 249
Getting Proactive about the Passive Voice......Page 251
Answer Key......Page 255
Forming Gerunds in the Present Tense......Page 257
Working with Irregular Gerund Forms......Page 259
Forming Gerunds in the Past Tense......Page 260
Putting Gerunds in the Present Progressive......Page 261
What Were You Thinking? The Imperfect Progressive......Page 263
Answer Key......Page 264
Part V: The Part of Tens......Page 267
Avere (To Have)......Page 269
Dire (To Say or to Tell)......Page 270
Stare (To Be...)......Page 271
Volere (To Want)......Page 272
Conoscere versus Sapere......Page 273
Giocare versus Suonare......Page 274
Andare in Bagno versus Fare il Bagno......Page 275
Divertirsi versus.........Page 276
Part VI: Appendixes......Page 277
Appendix A: Italian-to-English Glossary......Page 279
Appendix B: English-to-Italian Glossary......Page 289
Appendix C: Ten Common Irregular Verbs......Page 299
Index......Page 303