Introduction to WLLs: Application and Deployment for Fixed and Broadband Services

INTRODUCTION TO WLLs......Page 3
CONTENTS......Page 9
Preface......Page 13
1.1 Terminology of Wireless Access Systems......Page 17
1.2 Historical Background and Growth Forecasts for WLL......Page 18
1.3 Access Networks and Wireless Access Options......Page 20
1.4 Advantages and Economics of WLL Systems......Page 23
1.5 Potential Limitations of Wireless Access and WLL Systems......Page 26
1.6 Some Differences Between WLL and Cellular Mobile Systems......Page 27
1.7 Standardization Studies on Fixed and Broadband Wireless Access Systems......Page 28
2.1 Radio Spectrum and Frequency Bands......Page 31
2.2 Classification of Radio Systems......Page 33
2.3 Full Duplex Radio Communication and Duplexing Methods......Page 34
2.4 Multiple Access Methods for Wireless Access Systems......Page 37
2.5 Major Functions for a Radio System......Page 42
2.6 Basic and Higher-Level Modulation Methods......Page 46
3.1 The Cellular Concept......Page 51
3.2 Basic Cellular System Architecture and Operation......Page 53
3.4 GSM: The European TDMA Digital Cellular Mobile Standard......Page 56
3.5 IS-136: The North American TDMA Digital Cellular Mobile Standard......Page 64
3.6 IS-95: The North American CDMA Digital Cellular Mobile Standard......Page 69
3.7 DECT: European Digital Cordless Telecommunications Standard......Page 78
3.8 PHS: Japanese Digital Cordless Telecommunications Standard......Page 82
3.9 Mobile System Enhancements and Third-Generation (3G) Standards......Page 86
4.1 WLL Reference Model and Major System Components and Interfaces......Page 99
4.2 End-User Equipment......Page 101
4.3 The Base Station System......Page 107
4.4 Radio Interfaces for WLL Systems......Page 109
4.5 Network Interfaces for WLL Systems......Page 113
5.1 Introduction to Radio Design for WLL Systems......Page 119
5.2 Modes of Radio Wave Propagation......Page 120
5.4 Multipath Fading and Fresnel Zones......Page 121
5.5 Availability and Fade (or Loss) Margin for a Radio Link......Page 123
5.6 Planning for LOS Paths in WLL Systems......Page 124
5.7 Radio Coverage and Frequency Planning for WLL Systems......Page 126
5.8 Sectorized Cells and Frequency Reuse Planning for WLL Systems......Page 128
5.9 Capacity Enhancement Methods: Cell Sectorization and Cell/Sector Splitting......Page 131
5.10 Frequency Planning Requirements: TDMA- Versus CDMA-Based Systems......Page 134
5.11 Comparison of Radio Planning Aspects for WLL and Cellular Mobile Systems......Page 135
6.1 Introduction......Page 137
6.2 Assessing the Service Needs......Page 138
6.3 Support of Mobility in WLL Systems......Page 140
6.4 Estimating Traffic Densities and Traffic Distribution......Page 141
6.5 Selection of a Suitable WLL Technology—Influencing Factors......Page 142
6.6 Some Advantages of CDMA Technology for WLL Systems......Page 146
6.7 Radio Engineering Tasks for WLL System Deployment......Page 148
6.8 Selecting Cell Sizes and Cell Sites......Page 152
6.9 Network Interconnections......Page 153
6.10 Range and Reliability Aspects of Microwave Links......Page 154
6.11 Business Aspects and Business Case for WLL System Deployment......Page 155
7.1 Introduction......Page 161
7.2 STRAEX(TM) WLL System (LG Electronics, South Korea)......Page 162
7.3 AirLoop(TM) WLL System (Lucent Technologies, USA)......Page 168
7.4 corDECT(TM) WLL System (Midas Corporation, India)......Page 173
7.5 Internet FWA(TM) System (Nortel Networks, Canada)......Page 177
7.6 Summary of Parameters for Some Additional Commercial WLL Systems......Page 182
8.1 Need for Broadband Access and Technology Options......Page 183
8.2 Frequency Bands and Data Rates for BWA Systems......Page 185
8.3 Deployment Scenario for BWA Systems and Topology Options......Page 187
8.4 Radio Interfaces for BWA Systems......Page 189
8.5 BWA Systems Based on Multipoint Distribution Concepts......Page 192
8.6 BWA Systems Based on Wireless LAN Concepts......Page 201
8.7 BWA Systems Based on Satellite Technologies......Page 215
Bibliography......Page 223
Glossary......Page 227
Index......Page 241
About the Author......Page 247