Introduction to Prehistory: A Systematic Approach

Table of contents ......Page 7
Figures and Tables ......Page 11
Preface ......Page 13
1 Prehistory as a historical discipline ......Page 19
2 Prehistory as a scientific discipline ......Page 22
3 Prehistory and archeology ......Page 24
4 Prehistory and ethnography-ethnology ......Page 30
5 Prehistory and anthropology ......Page 34
1 Importance of archeological evidence ......Page 44
2 Strategy and tactics of archeological research ......Page 45
3 Development of archeology ......Page 47
4 The site, its structure and contents ......Page 51
5 Artifacts ......Page 58
6 Cultural components and assemblages ......Page 59
7 Classes, their formation and identification ......Page 63
8 Classes of cultural remains ......Page 64
9 Classes versus types of artifacts ......Page 66
10 Kinds of types ......Page 68
11 Taxonomic versus typological hierarchies ......Page 70
12 Classes versus modes of features ......Page 73
13 Morphological components, assemblages, and classes ......Page 75
14 Exhibition and publication of the remains ......Page 76
1 Synthetic versus processual strategy ......Page 79
2 Strategy and tactics of prehistoric research ......Page 80
3 Systematic units: organic versus superorganic ......Page 83
4 Peoples versus societies ......Page 86
5 Development of the study of peoples ......Page 87
6 Cultural classification ......Page 96
7 Cultural complexes ......Page 102
8 Peoples and their cultures ......Page 105
9 Magnitude of peoples ......Page 107
10 Dividing peoples ......Page 108
11 Combining peoples ......Page 109
12 Hierarchies of cultural units ......Page 110
13 Co-peoples and co-cultures ......Page 112
14 Cultural identification ......Page 114
15 Morphological groups ......Page 116
1 The chronological approach ......Page 120
2 Relative and absolute dating ......Page 122
3 Development of chronological research ......Page 125
4 Cultural chronologies ......Page 134
5 Other hinds of chronologies ......Page 136
6 Distinguishing local areas ......Page 139
7 Establishing local sequences ......Page 140
8 Synchronizing the sequences ......Page 147
10 Delimiting ages ......Page 154
11 Converting cultural into ethnic chronologies ......Page 156
1 The conjunctive approach ......Page 158
2 Development of conjunctive research ......Page 161
3 The dimension of form ......Page 167
4 Settlement patterns ......Page 169
5 A model of ethnic relationships ......Page 171
6 The environment ......Page 176
7 Cultures: activities ......Page 177
8 Cultures: norms ......Page 182
9 Cultures: materiel ......Page 185
10 Cultures: reconstruction ......Page 186
11 Morphologies: nature ......Page 194
12 Morphologies: reconstruction ......Page 195
13 Social structures: institutions ......Page 196
14 Social structures: interaction ......Page 201
16 Social structures: reconstruction ......Page 202
17 Languages ......Page 207
1 Dynamics and explanation ......Page 209
2 Patterns of change ......Page 210
3 Processes of change ......Page 212
4 Systems versus traits ......Page 213
5 Levels of evolution ......Page 215
6 Role of norms in superorganic change ......Page 217
7 Models of macro- and microevolution ......Page 220
8 Lines and traditions ......Page 225
9 Grades and stages ......Page 230
10 Centers and climaxes ......Page 234
11 Development of dynamic research ......Page 238
12 Processes of change: modification of existing systems ......Page 248
13 Processes of change: ethnogenesis ......Page 250
14 Processes of change: revolution ......Page 251
15 Attitudes toward change ......Page 252
16 Reductionism ......Page 253
1 Summary of prehistorical methods ......Page 255
2 Relevance of prehistorical research ......Page 260
Bibliography ......Page 264
Glossary and Index ......Page 277