Introduction to Emergency Management

Front-Matter_2020_Introduction-to-Emergency-Management
	Introduction to Emergency Management
Copyright_2020_Introduction-to-Emergency-Management
	Copyright
Dedication_2020_Introduction-to-Emergency-Management
	Dedication
Foreword_2020_Introduction-to-Emergency-Management
	Foreword
Acknowledgments_2020_Introduction-to-Emergency-Management
	Acknowledgments
Introduction_2020_Introduction-to-Emergency-Management
	Introduction
Online-Resources_2020_Introduction-to-Emergency-Management
	Online Resources
Chapter-1---The-Historical-Context-of-Emerge_2020_Introduction-to-Emergency-
	1 - The Historical Context of Emergency Management
		Introduction
		Early History: 1800–1950
		The Cold War and the Rise of Civil Defense: The 1950s
		Changes to Emergency Management: The 1960s
		Critical Thinking
		The Call for a National Focus on Emergency Management: The 1970s
		Civil Defense Reappears as Nuclear Attack Planning: The 1980s
		An Agency in Trouble: 1989–92
		The Witt Revolution: 1993–2001
		Terrorism: 2001
		The Department of Homeland Security: 2001–05
		The Hurricane Katrina Debacle: 2005
		The Steps Leading to the Katrina Debacle
		Post-­Katrina Changes
		Critical Thinking
		The Obama Administration’s Approach to Emergency Management
		2016–Present
		Conclusion
		Important Terms
		Self-­Check Questions
		Out-­of-­Class Exercises
Chapter-2---Natural-and-Technological-Hazards-_2020_Introduction-to-Emergenc
	2 - Natural and Technological Hazards and Risk Assessment
		Introduction
		Natural Hazards
			Floods
		Critical Thinking
			Earthquakes
		Critical Thinking
			Hurricanes
			Storm Surges
			Tornadoes
			Wildfires
			Mass Movements
			Tsunamis
			Volcanic Eruptions
			Severe Winter Storms
			Drought
			Extreme Temperatures
			Coastal Erosion
			Thunderstorms
			Hail
		Critical Thinking
		Technological Hazards
			Structure Fires
			Dam Failures
			Hazardous Material Incidents
			Nuclear and Radiation Accidents
		Terrorism
			Chemical Weapons
			Biological Weapons
			Radiological Weapons
			Nuclear Weapons
		Critical Thinking
			Hazards Risk Management
		Risk Management Technology
		Social and Economic Risk Factors
		Critical Thinking
		Conclusion
		Important Terms
		Self-­Check Questions
		Out-­of-­Class Exercises
Chapter-3---The-Disciplines-of-Emergency-Mana_2020_Introduction-to-Emergency
	3 - The Disciplines of Emergency Management: Mitigation
		Introduction
		Mitigation Tools
		Hazard Identification and Mapping
		Design and Construction Applications
		Land-­Use Planning
		Financial Incentives
		Insurance
		Structural Controls
		Nonstructural Measures
		Critical Thinking
		Impediments to Mitigation
		Federal Mitigation Programs
		The Hazard Mitigation Grant Program
		The Pre-­Disaster Mitigation Program
		Flood Mitigation Assistance Program
		Severe Repetitive Loss Program
		The National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program
		The Fire Prevention and Assistance Act
		Critical Thinking
		Hurricane Sandy: Building Sciences Mitigation Assessment Teams
		Critical Thinking
			Nonfederal Mitigation Grant Programs
			Resiliency and Climate Change
		Conclusion
		Important Terms
		Self-­Check Questions
		Out-­of-­Class Exercises
Chapter-4---Preparedness_2020_Introduction-to-Emergency-Management
	4 - Preparedness
		Introduction
		A Systems Approach: The Preparedness Cycle
			Step 1: Planning
			Step 2: Equipment
			Step 3: Training
			Step 4: Exercise
			Step 5: Evaluation and Improvement
		Mitigation Versus Preparedness
		Preparedness: The Emergency Operations Plan
		FEMA’s Whole Community Concept
		The National Preparedness System
		Evacuation Planning
		Critical Thinking
		Emergency Planning for Access and Functional Needs Populations
		Critical Thinking
		Preparedness Equipment
		Education and Training Programs
		The FEMA Emergency Management Institute and National Fire Academy
		Public Preparedness Education
		Emergency Management Exercises
		Evaluation and Improvement
		Preparedness: A Whole Community Effort
		Preparedness Grant Programs
			Emergency Management Performance Grant Program: $350.1 Million Available in Fiscal Year 2019
			The Homeland Security Grant Program
			State Homeland Security Program: $415 Million Available in Fiscal Year 2019
			Urban Area Security Initiative: $590 Million Available in Fiscal Year 2019
			Operation Stonegarden: $90 Million Available in Fiscal Year 2019
			Port Security Grant Program: $100 Million Available in Fiscal Year 2019
		Critical Thinking
		Business Continuity Planning and Emergency Management
		Conclusion
		Case Studies
		Self-­Check Questions
		Out-­of-­Class Exercises
Chapter-5---Crisis-and-Risk-Communicat_2020_Introduction-to-Emergency-Manage
	5 - Crisis and Risk Communications
		Introduction
		Critical Thinking
		Mission
		Assumptions
			Customer Focus
			Leadership Commitment
			Inclusion of Communications in Planning and Operations
		Critical Thinking
			Situational Awareness
		Critical Thinking
			Media Partnership
		Critical Thinking
			What Are Social Media Outlets
				Facebook
				Twitter
		The Pros: The Positive Role of Twitter During Catastrophic Events
		The Cons: How Social Media Harms Victims and Relief Efforts
			Social Media and Disasters
		Critical Thinking
			Building an Effective Disaster Communications Capability in a Changing Media World
		A Communication Plan
		Information Coming In
		Information Going Out
		Messengers
		Staffing
		Critical Thinking
		Training and Exercises
		Monitoring, Updating, and Adapting
		Conclusion
		Important Terms
		Self-­Check Questions
		Key Terms
Chapter-6---The-Disciplines-of-Emergency-Mana_2020_Introduction-to-Emergency
	6 - The Disciplines of Emergency Management: Response
		Introduction
		The Local Response
		Local Emergency Managers
		The State Response
		Volunteer Groups’ Response
		The Incident Command System
		The Federal Response
		The Presidential Disaster Declaration Process
			The Preliminary Damage Assessment
		FEMA Declaration Criteria
		Critical Thinking
		The National Response Framework
		Federal Assistance in Disaster Response
			Non–Stafford Act Federal Support to State and Local Jurisdictions
		Organizing Support: The Emergency Support Function
			Emergency Support Function Member Roles and Responsibilities
			National Response Framework Roles and Responsibilities
				The Governor
				Local Chief Elected or Appointed Official
				Tribal/Territorial/Insular Area Leader
				Secretary of Homeland Security
				FEMA Administrator
				Attorney General
				Secretary of Defense
				Secretary of State
				Director of National Intelligence
				Nongovernmental Organizations
				Private Sector
				Citizen Involvement
				The Mission Assignment Process
		National Response Framework Operations Coordination
			Local Incident Command Post
			Local Emergency Operations Center
			State Emergency Operations Center
			National Operations Center
			National Response Coordination Center
			National Infrastructure Coordinating Center
			National Military Command Center
			National Counterterrorism Center
			Strategic Information and Operations Center
			Joint Operations Center
			Joint Information Center
			Other Department of Homeland Security Operations Centers
		Incident Level Coordination: The Joint Field Office
		FEMA Incident Management Assistance Teams
		Key Response Coordination Officials
		Principal Federal Official
			Federal Coordinating Officer
			State Coordinating Officer
			Other Senior Officials
			FEMA National Disaster Reservists
		Critical Thinking
		FEMA Community Lifelines
		State-­to-­State Support: The Emergency Management Assistance Compact
		Defense Support of Civil Authorities
		Differing Military Capabilities
			Classification of Military Forces for DSCA Purposes
			Avenues for Engagement
			Immediate Response Authority
			Stafford Act Declaration Mission Assignment
			Mutual Aid Agreements
			National Guard and State Defense Forces
			DSCA Coordination
		Conclusion
		Important Terms
		Self-­Check Questions
		Out-­of-­Class Exercises
Chapter-7---Recovery_2020_Introduction-to-Emergency-Management
	7 - Recovery
		Introduction
		Fundamentals of Disaster Recovery
		Recovery Coordination and Leadership
		Recovery Sectors
		Federal Government Disaster Recovery Assistance
			National Disaster Recovery Framework Staff
		FEMA Recovery Assistance Programs
		FEMA’s Individual Assistance Recovery Programs
			Disaster Housing Program
			Individuals and Households Program
			Home Repair Assistance
			Other Needs Assistance
			Disaster Unemployment Assistance
			Legal Services
			Special Tax Considerations
			Crisis Counseling
			Cora Brown Fund
		Critical Thinking
		FEMA’s Public Assistance Grant Programs
			Emergency Work
			Permanent Work
		The Disaster Relief Fund
		Other Federal Agency Disaster Recovery Funding
			US Army Corps of Engineers
			Department of Housing and Urban Development
		Small Business Administration
			US Department of Agriculture
			Department of Health and Human Services
			Department of Transportation
			Department of Commerce
			Department of Labor
		National Voluntary Relief Organizations
			National Voluntary Organizations Active in Disaster
			The American Red Cross
		Recovery Planning Tools
		Predisaster Recovery Planning
		Critical Thinking
		Conclusion
		Important Terms
		Self-­Check Questions
		Out-­of-­Class Exercises
Chapter-8---International-Disaster-Mana_2020_Introduction-to-Emergency-Manag
	8 - International Disaster Management
		Introduction
		Disasters in Developing Nations
		International Disasters Defined
		Important Issues Influencing the Response Process
		Critical Thinking
		United Nations Disaster Management Efforts
			The Hyogo Framework for Action
			The Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction
			The United Nations Office for Disaster Risk Reduction
			The United Nations Development Programme
			The United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs
				The Emergency Relief Coordinator
				The Inter-­Agency Standing Committee
				The UNOCHA Humanitarian Financing and Resource Mobilization Division
				The Coordination Division
				The UNOCHA Emergency Response Support Branch
				The United Nations Disaster Assessment and Coordination Team
				The International Search and Rescue Advisory Group
				The Virtual On-­Site Operations Coordination Center
				The Surge Capacity Section
				UNOCHA Preparedness and Risk Management Measures
				UNOCHA Information Tools and Services
			Department of Economic and Social Affairs
			The Regional Commissions
			The United Nations Children’s Fund
			The World Food Programme
			The World Health Organization
		Critical Thinking
		Nongovernmental Organizations
			The International Red Cross
				Preparing and Responding to Disasters and Crises
				Recovering from Disasters and Crises
				Our Disaster Management System
		Critical Thinking
		Assistance Provided by the US Government
			US Agency for International Development
			Office of Foreign Disaster Assistance
			Other USAID Divisions
			The US Military
		Critical Thinking
		The International Financial Institutions
			The World Bank
			World Bank Lending Instruments
				The Emergency Recovery Loan Program
				Retroactive Financing
				Loan Reallocations
				Contingent Credit Lines
				Redesign of Projects Not Yet Approved
				Balance of Payment Support
				Free-­Standing Investment Projects for Mitigation
			World Bank Coordination Assistance
			World Bank Technical Assistance
			The International Monetary Fund
		Critical Thinking
		Conclusion
		Important Terms
		Self-­Check Questions
		Out-­of-­Class Exercises
Chapter-9---Emergency-Management-and-the-Te_2020_Introduction-to-Emergency-M
	9 - Emergency Management and the Terrorist Threat
		Introduction
		Changes in Emergency Management and the War on Terrorism
		The Terrorist Threat
		Terrorist Actions
			1993 World Trade Center Bombing
			The Bombing of the Alfred P. Murrah Federal Building
			The 9/11 Attacks in New York, Virginia, and Pennsylvania
			2013 Boston Marathon Bombing
			San Bernadino, CA, Attack
			Orlando Nightclub Shooting
				Mass Shooting in America
		The Monumental Human, Economic, and Social Costs of the September 11th Attacks
			Post-­9/11 First Responder Valuation
		Critical Thinking
		Statutory Basis of Terror Threat Management
			Early Legislation, Action, and Authorities
			Presidential Decision Directive 39
			The Federal Radiological Emergency Response Plan
			The Nunn-­Lugar-­Domenici Act
			Terrorism Annex to the Federal Response Plan
			The Three Commissions
			Attorney General’s Five Year Interagency Counterterrorism and Technology Crime Plan
			Amendment of the Stafford Act
			General Accountability Office Findings
			Executive Order 13228
			The USA PATRIOT Act
			Homeland Security Presidential Directives
			Homeland Security Act of 2002
			The 9/11 Commission
			The Post-­Katrina Emergency Management Reform Act
		Homeland Security Organizations
			The Department of Homeland Security
			The Office of the Secretary of Homeland Security
			Preexisting Offices Moved Into DHS
			Directorates and Agencies
			Other DHS Offices
		Critical Thinking
		Other Agencies Participating in Community-­Level Funding
			The White House
			US Department of Agriculture
			Department of Commerce
			The Environmental Protection Agency
			The Department of Justice
			The Department of State
			The Department of Defense
			The Department of Health and Human Services
			The Department of the Treasury
			Homeland Security Activity of State and Tribal Governments
			Local Government Homeland Security Activities
			The Private Sector
			Other Homeland Security Structures
		Funding for First Responders and Emergency Management
		Communicating Threat Information to the American People
		Conclusion
		Important Terms
		Self-­Check Questions
		Out-­of-­Class Exercises
Chapter-10---The-Future-of-Emergency-Man_2020_Introduction-to-Emergency-Mana
	10 - The Future of Emergency Management
		Challenges Facing Emergency Management
			Climate Change
			Cybersecurity and All Hazards
			Enhancing Mitigation
			National Flood Insurance Program
			National Leadership and Institutional Change
		Conclusion
Appendix-A---Acronyms_2020_Introduction-to-Emergency-Management
	A - Acronyms
Appendix-B---Emergency-Management-Webs_2020_Introduction-to-Emergency-Manage
	B - Emergency Management Websites
Bibliography_2020_Introduction-to-Emergency-Management
	Bibliography
Glossary_2020_Introduction-to-Emergency-Management
	Glossary
Index_2020_Introduction-to-Emergency-Management
	Index
		A
		B
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		D
		E
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		N
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