Introduction to Electrical Engineering

Contents......Page 8
List of Case Studies and Computer-Aided Analysis......Page 14
Preface......Page 16
Overview......Page 22
PART 1 ELECTRIC CIRCUITS......Page 28
1 Circuit Concepts......Page 30
1.1 Electrical Quantities......Page 31
1.2 Lumped-Circuit Elements......Page 43
1.3 Kirchhoff’s Laws......Page 66
1.4 Meters and Measurements......Page 74
1.5 Analogy between Electrical and Other Nonelectric Physical Systems......Page 77
1.7 Practical Application: A Case Study—Resistance Strain Gauge......Page 79
Problems......Page 80
2.1 Thévenin and Norton Equivalent Circuits......Page 93
2.2 Node-Voltage and Mesh-Current Analyses......Page 98
2.3 Superposition and Linearity......Page 108
2.4 Wye–Delta Transformation......Page 110
2.5 Computer-Aided Circuit Analysis: SPICE......Page 112
2.6 Computer-Aided Circuit Analysis: MATLAB......Page 115
2.8 Practical Application: A Case Study—Jump Starting a Car......Page 119
Problems......Page 121
3 Time-Dependent Circuit Analysis......Page 129
3.1 Sinusoidal Steady-State Phasor Analysis......Page 130
3.2 Transients in Circuits......Page 152
3.3 Laplace Transform......Page 169
3.4 Frequency Response......Page 181
3.5 Computer-Aided Circuit Simulation for Transient Analysis, AC Analysis, and Frequency Response Using PSpice and PROBE......Page 195
3.6 Use of MATLAB in Computer-Aided Circuit Simulation......Page 200
3.7 Learning Objectives......Page 204
3.8 Practical Application: A Case Study—Automotive Ignition System......Page 205
Problems......Page 206
4.1 Three-Phase Source Voltages and Phase Sequence......Page 225
4.2 Balanced Three-Phase Loads......Page 229
4.3 Measurement of Power......Page 235
4.4 Residential Wiring and Safety Considerations......Page 239
4.5 Learning Objectives......Page 242
4.6 Practical Application: A Case Study—Physiological Effects of Current and Electrical Safety......Page 243
Problems......Page 245
PART 2 ELECTRONIC ANALOG AND DIGITAL SYSTEMS......Page 248
5 Analog Building Blocks and Operational Amplifiers......Page 250
5.1 The Amplifier Block......Page 251
5.2 Ideal Operational Amplifier......Page 256
5.3 Practical Properties of Operational Amplifiers......Page 262
5.4 Applications of Operational Amplifiers......Page 271
5.5 Learning Objectives......Page 283
5.6 Practical Application: A Case Study—Automotive Power-Assisted Steering System......Page 284
Problems......Page 285
6 Digital Building Blocks and Computer Systems......Page 295
6.1 Digital Building Blocks......Page 298
6.2 Digital System Components......Page 322
6.3 Computer Systems......Page 343
6.4 Computer Networks......Page 347
6.6 Practical Application: A Case Study—Microcomputer-Controlled Breadmaking Machine......Page 352
Problems......Page 353
7.1 Semiconductors......Page 366
7.2 Diodes......Page 367
7.3 Bipolar Junction Transistors......Page 385
7.4 Field-Effect Transistors......Page 394
7.5 Integrated Circuits......Page 405
7.6 Learning Objectives......Page 406
Problems......Page 407
8 Transistor Amplifiers......Page 420
8.1 Biasing the BJT......Page 421
8.2 Biasing the FET......Page 422
8.3 BJT Amplifiers......Page 426
8.4 FET Amplifiers......Page 432
8.5 Frequency Response of Amplifiers......Page 436
8.7 Practical Application: A Case Study—Mechatronics: Electronics Integrated with Mechanical Systems......Page 441
Problems......Page 442
9 Digital Circuits......Page 449
9.1 Transistor Switches......Page 450
9.2 DTL and TTL Logic Circuits......Page 454
9.3 CMOS and Other Logic Families......Page 458
9.4 Learning Objectives......Page 464
9.5 Practical Application: A Case Study—Cardiac Pacemaker, a Biomedical Engineering Application......Page 465
Problems......Page 466
PART 3 ENERGY SYSTEMS......Page 476
10 AC Power Systems......Page 478
10.1 Introduction to Power Systems......Page 479
10.2 Single- and Three-Phase Systems......Page 482
10.3 Power Transmission and Distribution......Page 487
10.5 Practical Application: A Case Study—The Great Blackout of 1965......Page 493
Problems......Page 495
11 Magnetic Circuits and Transformers......Page 498
11.1 Magnetic Materials......Page 499
11.2 Magnetic Circuits......Page 502
11.3 Transformer Equivalent Circuits......Page 506
11.4 Transformer Performance......Page 513
11.5 Three-Phase Transformers......Page 517
11.6 Autotransformers......Page 519
11.8 Practical Application: A Case Study—Magnetic Bearings for Space Technology......Page 521
Problems......Page 522
12.1 Basic Principles of Electromechanical Energy Conversion......Page 532
12.2 EMF Produced by Windings......Page 541
12.3 Rotating Magnetic Fields......Page 549
12.4 Forces and Torques in Magnetic-Field Systems......Page 553
12.5 Basic Aspects of Electromechanical Energy Converters......Page 566
12.6 Learning Objectives......Page 567
12.7 Practical Application: A Case Study—Sensors or Transducers......Page 568
Problems......Page 569
13.1 Elementary Concepts of Rotating Machines......Page 580
13.2 Induction Machines......Page 590
13.3 Synchronous Machines......Page 609
13.4 Direct-Current Machines......Page 621
13.6 Practical Application: A Case Study—Wind-Energy-Conversion Systems......Page 637
Problems......Page 639
PART 4 INFORMATION SYSTEMS......Page 650
14 Signal Processing......Page 652
14.1 Signals and Spectral Analysis......Page 653
14.2 Modulation, Sampling, and Multiplexing......Page 667
14.3 Interference and Noise......Page 676
14.5 Practical Application: A Case Study—Antinoise Systems, Noise Cancellation......Page 685
Problems......Page 686
15 Communication Systems......Page 693
15.1 Waves, Transmission Lines, Waveguides, and Antenna Fundamentals......Page 697
15.2 Analog Communication Systems......Page 712
15.3 Digital Communication Systems......Page 737
15.4 Learning Objectives......Page 757
15.5 Practical Application: A Case Study—Global Positioning Systems......Page 758
Problems......Page 759
PART 5 CONTROL SYSTEMS......Page 772
16 Basic Control Systems......Page 774
16.1 Power Semiconductor-Controlled Drives......Page 775
16.2 Feedback Control Systems......Page 806
16.3 Digital Control Systems......Page 832
16.4 Learning Objectives......Page 841
16.5 Practical Application: A Case Study—Digital Process Control......Page 842
Problems......Page 843
Appendix A: References......Page 858
Appendix B: Brief Review of Fundamentals of Engineering (FE) Examination......Page 860
Appendix C: Technical Terms, Units, Constants, and Conversion Factors for the SI System......Page 862
Appendix D: Mathematical Relations......Page 865
Appendix E: Solution of Simultaneous Equations......Page 870
Appendix F: Complex Numbers......Page 873
Appendix G: Fourier Series......Page 874
Appendix H: Laplace Transforms......Page 878
A......Page 882
C......Page 883
D......Page 885
E......Page 886
F......Page 887
I......Page 888
M......Page 889
P......Page 891
R......Page 892
S......Page 893
T......Page 894
V......Page 895
Z......Page 896