Introduction to biological physics for the health and life sciences

Content: Machine generated contents note: I Mechanics. --
CHAPTER 1 Kinematics. --
1.1 Introduction. --
1.2 Distance and Displacement. --
1.3 Speed and Velocity. --
1.4 Acceleration. --
1.5 Average Velocity or Speed. --
1.6 The Acceleration Due to Gravity. --
1.7 Independence of Motion in 2D. --
1.8 Summary. --
CHAPTER 2 Force and Newton's Laws of Motion. --
2.1 Introduction. --
2.2 The Concept of Force. --
2.3 Kinds of Force. --
2.4 Newtonian Gravity. --
2.5 Summary. --
CHAPTER 3 Motion in a Circle. --
3.1 Introduction. --
3.2 Description of Circular Motion. --
3.3 Circular Velocity and Acceleration. --
3.4 Centripetal Force. --
3.5 Sources of Centripetal Force. --
3.6 Summary. --
CHAPTER 4 Statics. --
4.1 Introduction. --
4.2 Equilibrium. --
4.3 Torque. --
4.4 The Principle of Moments. --
4.5 Centre of Gravity or Centre of Mass. --
4.6 Stability. --
4.7 Summary. --
CHAPTER 5 Energy. --
5.1 Introduction. --
5.2 What is Energy? --
5.3 Work. --
5.4 Kinetic Energy. --
5.5 Potential Energy. --
5.6 Conservative Forces. --
5.7 Conservation of Total Energy. --
5.8 Power. --
5.9 Summary. --
CHAPTER 6 Momentum. --
6.1 Introduction. --
6.2 Linear Momentum. --
6.3 Newton's Laws and Momentum. --
6.4 Collisions. --
6.5 Elastic Collisions. --
6.6 Summary. --
CHAPTER 7 Simple Harmonic Motion. --
7.1 Introduction. --
7.2 Hooke's Law. --
7.3 Simple Harmonic Motion. --
7.4 The Simple Pendulum. --
7.5 Summary. --
CHAPTER 8 Waves. --
8.1 Introduction. --
8.2 Simple Harmonic Motion & Waves. --
8.3 Frequency, Wavelength, & Speed. --
8.4 The Form of the Wave. --
8.5 Types of Wave. --
8.6 Superposition & Interference. --
8.7 Beats. --
8.8 Reflection. --
8.9 Standing Waves. --
8.10 Waves and Energy. --
8.11 Complex Waveforms. --
8.12 Summary. --
CHAPTER 9 Sound and Hearing. --
9.1 Introduction. --
9.2 Sound Waves in Media. --
9.3 Pitch and Loudness. --
9.4 Resonance and Sound Generation. --
9.5 The Ear. --
9.6 The Doppler Effect. --
9.7 Summary. --
II BulkMaterials. --
CHAPTER 10 Elasticity: Stress and Strain. --
10.1 Introduction. --
10.2 Tension and Compression. --
10.3 Shear Stress and Strain. --
10.4 Bulk Stress and Strain. --
10.5 Elasticity. --
10.6 Summary. --
CHAPTER 11 Pressure. --
11.1 Introduction. --
11.2 Pressure. --
11.3 Density. --
11.4 Pascal's Principle. --
11.5 Measurement of Pressure. --
11.6 Pressure and the Human Body. --
11.7 Summary. --
CHAPTER 12 Buoyancy. --
12.1 Introduction. --
12.2 The Buoyant Force. --
12.3 Summary. --
CHAPTER 13 Surface Tension and Capillarity. --
13.1 Introduction. --
13.2 Surface Tension. --
13.3 Capillarity. --
13.4 Surfactants and the Lung. --
13.5 Summary. --
CHAPTER 14 Fluid Dynamics of Non-viscous Fluids. --
14.1 Introduction. --
14.2 Definitions of Some Key Terms. --
14.3 The Equation of Continuity. --
14.4 Bernoulli's Equation. --
14.5 Summary. --
CHAPTER 15 Fluid Dynamics of Viscous Fluids. --
15.1 Introduction. --
15.2 Viscosity. --
15.3 Turbulence. --
15.4 Summary. --
CHAPTER 16 Molecular Transport Phenomena. --
16.1 Introduction. --
16.2 Diffusion. --
16.3 Osmosis. --
16.4 Applications to Biological Systems. --
16.5 Summary. --
III Thermodynamics. --
CHAPTER 17 Temperature and the Zeroth Law. --
17.1 Introduction. --
17.2 Thermal Equilibrium. --
17.3 Measuring Temperature. --
17.4 Thermal Expansion of Materials. --
17.5 Summary. --
CHAPTER 18 Ideal Gases. --
18.1 Introduction. --
18.2 The Gas Laws. --
18.3 Biological Applications. --
18.4 Kinetic Theory of Gases. --
18.5 Summary. --
CHAPTER 19 Phase and Temperature Change. --
19.1 Introduction. --
19.2 Phase Changes. --
19.3 Temperature Changes. --
19.4 Energy Conservation. --
19.5 L and c Values for Water. --
19.6 Summary. --
CHAPTER 20 Water Vapour and the Atmosphere. --
20.1 Introduction. --
20.2 Mixtures of Water Vapour and Air. --
20.3 Partial Pressure, Moisture Content. --
20.4 Atmospheric Properties. --
20.5 Psychrometry. --
20.6 Applications. --
20.7 Summary. --
CHAPTER 21 Heat Transfer. --
21.1 Introduction. --
21.2 Conduction. --
21.3 Convection. --
21.4 Radiation. --
21.5 Combined Transfer Processes. --
21.6 Summary. --
CHAPTER 22 Thermodynamics and the Body. --
22.1 Introduction. --
22.2 The First Law. --
22.3 Energy and the Body. --
22.4 Thermoregulation. --
22.5 Temperature and Health. --
22.6 Summary. --
IV Electricity and DC Circuits. --
CHAPTER 23 Static Electricity. --
23.1 Introduction. --
23.2 Charge. --
23.3 Conductors and Insulators. --
23.4 Charging of Objects. --
23.5 Polarization. --
23.6 Summary. --
CHAPTER 24 Electric Force and Electric Field. --
24.1 Introduction. --
24.2 Coulomb's Law. --
24.3 Superposition of Electric Forces. --
24.4 Inverse Square Laws. --
24.5 The Electric Field. --
24.6 Electric Field Diagrams. --
24.7 Superposition of Electric Fields. --
24.8 Summary. --
CHAPTER 25 Electrical Potential and Energy. --
25.1 Introduction. --
25.2 Electrical Potential Energy. --
25.3 Electrical Potential. --
25.4 Electrical Potential and Work. --
25.5 Equipotential and Field Lines . --
25.6 Electrical and External Forces. --
25.7 The Heart and ECG. --
25.8 Summary. --
CHAPTER 26 Capacitance. --
26.1 Introduction. --
26.2 The Capacitor. --
26.3 Energy Stored in a Capacitor. --
26.4 Capacitors in Series and Parallel. --
26.5 The Dielectric in a Capacitor. --
26.6 Summary. --
CHAPTER 27 Direct Currents and DC Circuits. --
27.1 Introduction. --
27.2 Electric Current. --
27.3 Current Flow and Drift Velocity. --
27.4 Direct Versus Alternating Current. --
27.5 Circuits and Circuit Diagrams. --
27.6 Power Sources. --
27.7 Resistance and Ohm's Law. --
27.8 Resistors and Resistivity. --
27.9 Wires. --
27.10 Kirchhoff's Laws. --
27.11 Resistors in Series and Parallel. --
27.12 Power Dissipation. --
27.13 Electric Shock Hazards. --
27.14 Alternate Energy Units. --
27.15 Summary. --
CHAPTER 28 Time Behaviour of RC Circuits. --
28.1 Introduction. --
28.2 The RC Circuit. --
28.3 Discharging RC Circuit. --
28.4 Charging RC Circuit. --
28.5 Summary. --
V Optics. --
CHAPTER 29 The Nature of Light. --
29.1 Introduction. --
29.2 Electromagnetic Waves. --
29.3 Reflection. --
29.4 Refraction. --
29.5 Dispersion. --
29.6 Summary. --
CHAPTER 30 Geometric Optics. --
30.1 Introduction. --
30.2 Ray Diagrams. --
30.3 Plane Mirrors. --
30.4 Spherical Mirrors. --
30.5 Magnification. --
30.6 Lenses. --
30.7 Summary. --
CHAPTER 31 The Eye and Vision. --
31.1 Introduction. --
31.2 The Parts of the Eye. --
31.3 Emmetropia (Normal Vision). --
31.4 Myopia. --
31.5 Hypermetropia (or Hyperopia). --
31.6 Presbyopia. --
31.7 Astigmatism. --
31.8 Alternative Structure & Placement. --
31.9 Colour Vision. --
31.10 Summary. --
CHAPTER 32 Wave Optics. --
32.1 Introduction. --
32.2 Superposition and Interference. --
32.3 Huygens' Principle. --
32.4 Diffraction. --
32.5 Young's Double Slit Experiment. --
32.6 Single Slit Diffraction. --
32.7 Diffraction Gratings. --
32.8 Circular Apertures and Diffraction. --
32.9 Visual Acuity. --
32.10 Thin-Film Interference. --
32.11 Summary. --
VI Radiation and Health. --
CHAPTER 33 Atoms and Atomic Physics. --
33.1 Introduction. --
33.2 Parts of the Atom. --
33.3 Orbitals and Energy Levels. --
33.4 The Böhr Model of the Atom. --
33.5 Multi-Electron Atoms. --
33.6 Quantum Mechanics. --
33.7 Summary. --
CHAPTER 34 The Nucleus and Nuclear Physics. --
34.1 Introduction. --
34.2 Protons and Neutrons. --
34.3 Nuclei and Isotopes. --
34.4 Energy and Mass Units. --
34.5 Nuclear Forces. --
34.6 Nuclear Decay and Stability. --
34.7 Summary. --
CHAPTER 35 Production of Ionizing Radiation. --
35.1 Introduction. --
35.2 Nuclear Decay Processes. --
35.3 Activity and Half-Life. --
35.4 X-ray Production. --
35.5 Other Sources of Radiation. --
35.6 Summary. --
CHAPTER 36 Interactions of Ionizing Radiation. --
36.1 Introduction. --
36.2 Attenuation and Cross Section. --
36.3 X-rays and Gamma Radiation. --
36.4 Particles. --
36.5 Detection of Ionizing Radiation. --
36.6 Summary. --
CHAPTER 37 Biological Effects of Ionizing Radiation. --
37.1 Introduction. --
37.2 Mechanisms of Cell Damage. --
37.3 Dose and Dose Equivalent. --
37.4 Types of Effect. --
37.5 Medical Effects and Risk. --
37.6 UV. --
37.7 Summary. --
CHAPTER 38 Medical Imaging. --
38.1 Introduction. --
38.2 X-ray Imaging. --
38.3 CT Scan. --
38.4 PET scan. --
38.5 Gamma camera and SPECT. --
38.6 Ultrasound Sonography. --
38.7 Diagnostic Procedures: Dose. --
38.8 Summary. --
CHAPTER 39 Magnetism and MRI. --
39.1 Introduction. --
39.2 Magnetism. --
39.3 A Brief Outline of MRI. --
39.4 Nuclear Magnetic Resonance. --
39.5 Magnetic Resonance Imaging. --
39.6 Summary. --
VII Appendices. --
CHAPTER A Physical Constants. --
A.1 High Precision Mass Values. --
A.2 Useful Constants. --
CHAPTER B Basic Maths and Science Skills. --
B.1 Measurement and Units. --
B.2 Basic Algebra. --
B.3 Exponentials and Logarithms. --
B.4 Geometry. --
B.5 Trigonometric Functions. --
B.6 Vectors.