Introducing Comparative Politics: Concepts and Cases in Context

World Map
Regional and Country Coverage
Preface
Acknowledgments
About the Authors
Part I: A Framework for Understanding Comparative Politics
	Chapter 1: Introduction
		Comparative Politics: What Is It? Why Study It? How to Study It?
			What Is Comparative Politics?
			Why Study Comparative Politics?
			How Do Comparativists Study Politics?
		Three Key Questions in Comparative Politics
			What Explains Political Behavior?
			Who Rules?
			Where and Why?
		Plan of the Book
		Key Concepts
		Works Cited
		Resources for Further Study
		Web Resources
	Chapter 2: The Modern State
		Characteristics of the Modern State
			Territory
			External and Internal Sovereignty
			Legitimacy
			Bureaucracy
		Historical Origins of Modern States
			Modern States in Europe
			Premodern States Outside Europe
			The Export of the Modern State
		Strong, Weak, and Failed States
		Case Studies of State Formation
			The Strongest States
			Case Study: Germany: The First Modern Welfare State
			Case Study: Japan: Determined Sovereignty
			Case Study: United Kingdom: The Long Evolution of a Strong State
			Case Study: The United States: A Consciously Crafted State
			Moderately Strong States
			Case Study: Mexico: Challenges to Internal Sovereignty
			Case Study: China: Economic Legitimacy Over Political Reform
			Case Study: Brazil: A Moderately Strong and Now Legitimate Modern State
			Case Study: India: Enduring Democracy in a Moderately Weak State
			Case Study: Russia: Strong External Sovereignty With Weak Rule of Law
			The Weakest States
			Case Study: Iran: Claiming Legitimacy via Theocracy
			Case Study: Nigeria: An Extremely Weak State
		Conclusion
		Key Concepts
		Works Cited
		Resources for Further Study
		Web Resources
	Chapter 3: States, Citizens, and Regimes
		Citizens and Civil Society
		Regimes, Ideologies, and Citizens
			Liberal Democracy
			Case Study: United Kingdom: “Cradle of Democracy”
			Communism
			Case Study: Russia: The First Self-Proclaimed Communist Regime
			Fascism
			Case Study: Germany: Rise of the Nazi Party and a Totalitarian State
			Modernizing Authoritarianism
			Case Study: Brazil: A Modernizing Authoritarian Regime in Military Form, 1964–1985
			Personalist Regimes
			Case Study: Nigeria: A Personalist Regime in Uniform, 1993–1998
			Electoral Authoritarianism
			Case Study: Mexico: Electoral Authoritarianism Under the PRI
			Theocracy
			Case Study: The Islamic Republic of Iran: Theocratic State, 1979–
		Conclusion
		Key Concepts
		Works Cited
		Resources for Further Study
		Web Resources
	Chapter 4: States and Identity
		Understanding Identity
		The Policy Debate
			The Demands of Identity Groups
			Arguments for Group Rights and Recognition
			Arguments Against Group Rights
		Nations, Nationalism, and Immigration
			Case Study: Nationalism in Germany
		Ethnicity
			Case Study: The Evolving Role of Ethnicity in Nigeria
		Race
			Case Study: Racial Politics in the United States
		Social Class
			Case Study: The United Kingdom: Evolving Class Politics in a Class-Divided Society
		Religion: Recognition, Autonomy, and the Secular State
			Religion as Group Identity
			State Response to Religion: Differing Forms of Secularism
			Case Study: India: Secularism in a Religious and Religiously Plural Society
		Gender and Sexual Orientation: The Continuing Struggle for Recognition, Social Status, and Representation
			Debating Goals
			Objectives and Outcomes
			Case Study: Iran: Women’s Social Gains, Political and Cultural Restrictions, and Islamic Feminism
			Case Study: Brazil: LGBTQ Rights in a New Democracy
		Conclusion
		Key Concepts
		Works Cited
		Resources for Further Study
		Web Resources
Part II: Political Systems and How They Work
	Chapter 5: Governing Institutions in Democracies
		Executives and Legislatures
			Parliamentarism: The Westminster Model
			Case Study: Parliamentary Rule in Britain and India
			Presidential Systems: The Separation of Powers
			Case Study: Presidentialism in the United States and Brazil
			Semipresidentialism: The Hybrid Compromise
			Case Study: Russia: Semipresidentialism in a New Democracy With Weak Institutions
		Comparing Executive–Legislative Institutions
			Accountability
			Policymaking
			Stability
		Judiciary
			Judicial Review and the “Judicialization” of Politics
			Judicial Independence and Institutional Strength
			Case Study: The Judiciary: Brazil
		Bureaucracy
			Bureaucracy and Corruption
			Case Study: Bureaucratic Control and Corruption: Japan
		Federalism
			Why Countries Adopt Federalism
			Federalism and Accountability
			Federalism and Minority Rights
			Trends in Federalism
			Case Study: Federalism: Mexico, India, and Russia
		Conclusion
		Key Concepts
		Works Cited
		Resources for Further Study
		Web Resources
	Chapter 6: Institutions of Participation and Representation in Democracies
		The Electoral System
			Single-Member Districts: “First-Past- the-Post” and Majoritarian Voting
			Proportional Representation
			Mixed, or Semiproportional, Systems
		Formal Institutions: Political Parties and Party Systems
			Party Systems: Number and Strength
			Origins of Party Systems
			Political Parties: Members, Strength, and Ideology
			A Crisis of Party Democracy?
		Civil Society
			Government–Interest Group Interaction: Two Models
			Case Studies in Participation and Representation
			Case Study: The United Kingdom: SMD/FPTP, Two Parties, and Pluralism
			Case Study: Germany: A Multiparty System and Neocorporatism Under Threat
			Case Study: Japan: From Dominant Party to Two-Party System?
			Case Study: India: From Dominant Party to Multiparty Democracy
			Case Study: Brazil: Parties and Civil Society in a Young Democracy
		Conclusion
		Key Concepts
		Works Cited
		Resources for Further Study
		Web Resources
	Chapter 7: Contentious Politics: Social Movements, Political Violence, and Revolution
		Framing Contentious Politics
			Why Contentious Politics Happen
			How Contentious Politics Happen
			What Effects Do Contentious Politics Have?
			Case Study: The United States: The Tea Party and the Resistance
		Political Violence
			Theories of Political Violence
			Civil War
			Terrorism
			Case Study: Mexico: The Zapatista Rebellion
			Case Study: Nigeria: Boko Haram and Terrorism
		Revolution
			Types of Revolution
			Why Do Revolutions Happen?
			Case Study: Revolution: China and Iran
		Conclusion
		Key Concepts
		Works Cited
		Resources for Further Study
		Web Resources
	Chapter 8: Authoritarian Institutions
		Trends in Authoritarian Rule
		The Dictator’s Dilemma: Governing Authoritarian Regimes
		Elections, Parties, and Legislatures
		Clientelism and Civil Society
			Case Study: China: From Communist to Modernizing Authoritarian Rule
			Case Study: Russia: Creating an Electoral Authoritarian Regime
			Case Study: Iran: A Theocratic, Electoral Authoritarian Regime
		Conclusion
		Key Concepts
		Works Cited
		Resources for Further Study
		Web Resources
	Chapter 9: Regime Change
		Trends in Regime Change
		Regime Change: Transitions to Democracy
			Transitions to Democracy, Democratic Consolidation, and Democratic Backsliding
			Explaining Democratization, Consolidation, and Backsliding
			Case Study: Mexico: Transition From an Electoral Authoritarian Regime
			Case Study: Nigeria: Neopatrimonial Transition
		Regime Change: Transitions to Authoritarian Rule
			Military Coups
			Revolution
			Authoritarianization
			Case Study: Comparing Coups: Brazil and Nigeria
			Case Study: Russia: Transition to an Electoral Authoritarian Regime
		Conclusion
		Key Concepts
		Works Cited
		Resources for Further Study
		Web Resources
Part III: Political Economy and Policy
	Chapter 10: Political Economy of Wealth
		The Market, Capitalism, and the State
			Capitalism
			Essential Roles
			Beneficial Roles
			Politically Generated Roles
		Key Economic Debates
			Keynesianism
			Neoliberalism
			Keynesianism Versus Neoliberalism: An Ongoing Debate
		Types of Capitalist Economies
			Liberal Market Economies
			Coordinated Market Economies
		Globalization: A New World Order or Déjà Vu All Over Again?
			A Brave New World?
			Causes of Globalization
			Globalization and the European Union
			Political Responses to Globalization
			Globalization and Inequality
		States and Markets Around the World
			Case Study: The United States: The Free-Market Model
			Case Study: United Kingdom: Radical Reform in a Liberal Market Economy
			Case Study: Germany: Struggling to Reform a Coordinated Market Economy
			Case Study: Japan: The Developmental State and Its Crisis
		Conclusion
		Key Concepts
		Works Cited
		Resources for Further Study
		Web Resources
	Chapter 11: Political Economy of Development
		What Is “Development”?
		Development and Globalization
		The Development Debate
			The ISI Era
			The SAP Era
			The Developmental State
			The Pink Tide in Latin America
			The Bottom Billion
			Regime Type and Development Success
			Case Studies in Development
			Case Study: Mexico: From Protectionism to Neoliberalism
			Case Study: China: An Emerging Powerhouse
			Case Study: India: Development and Democracy
			Case Study: Iran: Struggling With the Blessings of Oil
			Case Study: Nigeria: A Weak State, Oil, and Corruption
		Conclusion
		Key Concepts
		Works Cited
		Resources For Further Study
		Web Resources
	Chapter 12: Public Policies When Markets Fail: Welfare, Health, and the Environment
		“Welfare”: Social Policy in Comparative Perspective
			Types of Social Policy
			Types of Welfare States
			The Development, Evolution, and Crises(?) of Welfare States
			Comparing Welfare States
			Social Policy in the Global South
			Case Study: Germany: Reforming the Christian Democratic Welfare State
			Case Study: The United States: Reforming the Liberal Welfare State
			Case Study: Brazil: Starting a Welfare State in a Developing Economy
		Health Care and Health Policy
			Health Care and Market Failure
			Health Care Systems
			Common Problems
			Case Study: Germany: Pioneer of Modern Health Policy
			Case Study: United Kingdom: Reforming the NHS
			Case Study: U.S. Health Policy: Trials and Tribulations of the Market Model
		Environmental Problems and Policy
			The Environment and Market Failure
			Risk and Uncertainty
			Policy Options
			Climate Change
			Case Study: The United States: Pioneer That Lost Its Way?
			Case Study: China: Searching for Sustainable Development
		Conclusion
		Key Concepts
		Works Cited
		Resources for Further Study
		Web Resources
Glossary
Index