Internet of Things. A Confluence of Many Disciplines: Second IFIP International Cross-Domain Conference, IFIPIoT 2019, Tampa, FL, USA, October 31 – ... and Communication Technology, 574)

Preface
Organization
Contents
IoT Applications
Architecting Systems-of-Systems of Self-driving Cars for Platooning on the Internet-of-Vehicles with SosADL
	Abstract
	1 Introduction
	2 Internet-of-Vehicles and Vehicle Platooning
	3 Enhancing SosADL for the Internet-of-Vehicles
		3.1 Extending SosADL with Digital Twins of “Things”
		3.2 Constructs for Autonomous Constituent Systems in SosADL
		3.3 Extending SosADL with Constructs for Connected Constituent Systems
	4 SoS Architecture Description for UGV-Based Platooning
	5 SosADL Implementation
	6 SosADL Validation for the IoV by Controlled Experiment
	7 Related Work
	8 Conclusion and Future Work
	References
Energy Efficiency in Smart Buildings: An IoT-Based Air Conditioning Control System
	1 Introduction
	2 Related Work
	3 Smart Place
		3.1 Hardware Devices
		3.2 Middleware
		3.3 Web Platform
	4 Results and Discussion
	5 Concluding Remarks
	References
Toward Blockchain Technology in IoT Applications: An Analysis for E-health Applications
	1 Introduction
	2 Background
		2.1 Internet of Things and E-health
		2.2 Blockchain
	3 Related Work
	4 Description of Our Approach
	5 Experimental Design
		5.1 Goals
		5.2 Materials and Methods
		5.3 Metrics
	6 Experiments and Results
		6.1 Discussion
	7 Conclusion
	References
Context Reasoning and Situational Awareness
I2VSM Approach: Self-monitoring of Patients Exploring Situational Awareness in IoT
	1 Introduction
	2 Scope
		2.1 Situational Awareness
		2.2 Vital Signs
		2.3 Tracking and Monitoring Scoring Systems
		2.4 Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care (MIMIC)
	3 Related Works
	4 EXEHDA Middleware
	5 I2VSM: Conception and Functionalities
		5.1 Environment Interoperation Block
		5.2 Edge Processing Block
		5.3 User Interface Block
	6 I2VSM: Evaluation
	7 Final Considerations
	References
An IoT Proposal for the Irrigation Management Exploring Context Awareness
	1 Introduction
	2 Background
		2.1 Context Awareness
		2.2 EXEHDA Middleware
	3 Related Work
	4 EXEHDA-SF: Organization and Functionalities
		4.1 Environment Interoperation Block
		4.2 Irrigation Control Block
		4.3 User Interface Block
	5 EXEHDA-SF: Prototyping and Results
		5.1 Hardware Adopted
		5.2 Software Frameworks Adopted
		5.3 Evaluation
	6 Conclusions
	References
An IoT Architecture to Provide Hybrid Context Reasoning
	1 Introduction
	2 Related Work
	3 Software Architecture Proposed
	4 Evaluation
	5 Conclusion
	References
IoT Security
REDEM: Real-Time Detection and Mitigation of Communication Attacks in Connected Autonomous Vehicle Applications
	1 Introduction
	2 Background and Related Work
		2.1 Connected Car Applications and Security Challenges
		2.2 State of the Practice and Related Research
	3 REDEM Vision
		3.1 Design Constraints
		3.2 REDEM Approach and Viability
		3.3 Threat Model and Design Assumptions
	4 REDEM On-board Architecture
	5 Prediction Models
	6 REDEM Evaluation
	7 Case Study: Secure CACC
		7.1 CACC Functional Overview
		7.2 REDEM for CACC
	8 Conclusion and Future Work
	References
Trust in IoT Devices: A Logic Encryption Perspective
	1 Introduction
	2 Logic Encryption Techniques
	3 Logic Decryption Strategies
	4 Attack Resiliency of Encryption Schemes
	5 Cost Analysis - Area and Power
		5.1 Experimental Setup
		5.2 Results
	6 Conclusion
	References
Latent Space Modeling for Cloning Encrypted PUF-Based Authentication
	1 Introduction
	2 Background and Related Work
		2.1 Physically Unclonable Functions
		2.2 PUFs for IoT Node Security
		2.3 Cloning Attacks on PUF Models
		2.4 Encryption Protocols for IoT Node Authentication
	3 Learning a Latent Subspace for Encrypted CRPs
		3.1 Variational Autoencoders
		3.2 Multi-headed Decoding for Robust Latent Subspace Modeling
		3.3 Implementation Details and Training Strategy
	4 Experimental Evaluation
		4.1 Baseline Approach: A Brute Force Attack on Encrypted PUFs
		4.2 Quantitative Evaluation
	5 Conclusion and Future Work
	References
Lightweight Countermeasure to Differential-Plaintext Attacks on Permutation Ciphers
	1 Introduction
	2 Background and Related Work
		2.1 Cryptography and Information Security
		2.2 PRESENT-80 Cipher
		2.3 Attack Model
		2.4 Interconnection Networks
		2.5 Interconnection Networks in Crpytography
		2.6 Key-Dependency in Cryptography
	3 Key-Dependent Interconnection Network Structures
	4 Experimental Evaluation
		4.1 Analysis of Results
	5 Analysis
		5.1 Differential-Plaintext Attacks
		5.2 Application to SBox
		5.3 Application to Other Ciphers
		5.4 Use with Other Methods
	6 Conclusion
	References
Smart and Low Power IoT
Challenges in the Design of Integrated Systems for IoT
	Abstract
	1 Introduction
	2 Internet of Things
	3 Power Consumption
	4 Reliability
	5 Security
	6 3D Circuits
	7 Hardware Accelerators
	8 Conclusions
	Acknowledgements
	References
Mixed Precision Quantization Scheme for Re-configurable ReRAM Crossbars Targeting Different Energy Harvesting Scenarios
	1 Introduction
	2 Background and Related Work
		2.1 Quantized Neural Networks
		2.2 ReRAM Crossbar-Based Accelerator
		2.3 Energy Harvesting System
	3 Quantization for Different Power Levels
	4 Precision Configurable ReRAM Crossbar
	5 Power Prediction
		5.1 NN-Based Power Prediction
		5.2 Augmented Power Prediction
	6 Experiments
		6.1 Experimental Settings
		6.2 Results
	7 Conclusion
	References
Smart Network Architectures
Toward Holistic Integration of Computing and Wireless Networking
	1 Introduction
	2 Applications of ML in IoT Wireless Networking
		2.1 MAC Protocol: Wireless Access, Routing and Others
		2.2 MEC: Caching and Offloading
		2.3 IoT Security and Reliability
		2.4 Low-Power Operation and Sensor Networks
	3 Machine Learning in Smart Factory
		3.1 Computing and Networking Systems in Smart Factories
		3.2 Vertical Integration
		3.3 Horizontal Integration
	4 Future Networking and Computing Architecture
		4.1 State-of-the-Art Applications of Machine Learning to Future Wireless Network Architecture
		4.2 Networked Multi-agent Systems
	5 Conclusions
	References
The Thing About the Internet of Things: Scoping the Social Science Discourse in IoT Research
	Abstract
	1 Introduction
	2 Research Methodology
		2.1 Literature Selection
		2.2 Literature Analysis
	3 Results
		3.1 Keywords Within the Social Science Subject-Field Literature
		3.2 Themes Based on Keywords from the Social Science Subject-Field Litterature Analysis
	4 Discussion
		4.1 Suggestions for a New Thematic Scope
		4.2 Why Should the Social Sciences Care
	5 Conclusions and Suggestions for Future Research
	References
Evaluating Edge Processing Requirements in Next Generation IoT Network Architectures
	1 Introduction
	2 Background
		2.1 IoT Architectures
		2.2 Image Processing
	3 Edge Node Design and Analysis Framework
		3.1 Limited Network Connectivity
		3.2 Privacy and Security Concerns
		3.3 Transmission Power Exceeds Local Processing Power
	4 Preliminary Results
	5 Conclusion
	References
Smart System Design and IoT Education
Good-Eye: A Combined Computer-Vision and Physiological-Sensor Based Device for Full-Proof Prediction and Detection of Fall of Adults
	1 Introduction
	2 Related Research Overview
	3 Novel Contributions
	4 Are Falls Related to Physiological Parameters?
		4.1 Sweat
		4.2 Heart Rates and Blood Pressures
		4.3 Temperature
		4.4 Vision
	5 System Level Modeling of Good-Eye
		5.1 Architecture of Good-Eye
		5.2 The Parameters Considered for Good-Eye System
		5.3 Design Flow
		5.4 Parameter Analysis Unit
		5.5 Fall Prediction and Detection Unit
		5.6 Working Principle of the Proposed Good-Eye Model
	6 Implementation and Validation
		6.1 Implementation
		6.2 Validation
	7 Conclusions and Future Research
	References
Building a Low-Cost and State-of-the-Art IoT Security Hands-On Laboratory
	1 Introduction
		1.1 Need for Promoting Education in IoT Security
		1.2 Need for Low-Cost and High-Quality Hardware Platforms for IoT Security Education
	2 A Capable and Low-Cost IoT Laboratory
		2.1 Low-Cost IoT Development Kit and Laboratory
		2.2 Creating an Integrated Development Environment (IDE) for IoT Security Education
	3 Developing Teaching Labs for IoT Security
		3.1 Developing Teaching Modules on Hardware Security
		3.2 Developing Teaching Modules on Secure Key Storage on ESP32
		3.3 Developing Teaching Modules on System/Firmware Security
		3.4 Developing Teaching Modules on Data Security
		3.5 Developing Teaching Modules on Network Security on ESP32
		3.6 Developing Teaching Modules on Secure Firmware Upgrade
		3.7 Secure Over-the-Air Updates (OTA) on ESP32
		3.8 Developing Teaching Modules on Crypto Co-processor
		3.9 Developing Case Studies
	4 Conclusion
	References
Curriculum Design Requirements and Challenges for the First Bachelor\'s Degree on IoT in the US
	1 Introduction
	2 Where Is the Need?
		2.1 IoT vs Computer Science/Engineering
		2.2 IoT vs IT
	3 IoT Technology Degree Curriculum
		3.1 University Core Requirements
		3.2 Four Pillars of IoT
	4 Proposed IoT Program Map
		4.1 Prerequisites
		4.2 Online vs Onsite
	5 Other Related Issues
		5.1 Potential Jobs
		5.2 Tracks or Other Joint Programs
	6 Conclusion
	References
IoT in Smart Grid: Energy Management Opportunities and Security Challenges
	Abstract
	1 Introduction
		1.1 Background
		1.2 Contributions
	2 Problem Formulation
		2.1 Cost Function
		2.2 Constraints
	3 Solution Implementation
		3.1 Machine Learning Substitution for Optimization Algorithm
		3.2 Online Discrepancy Test
	4 Conclusion
	References
Author Index