International Marketing Research, Volume 17: Opportunities and Challenges in the 21st Century

List of Contributors......Page 1
List of Reviewers......Page 5
Preface......Page 7
Introduction: State-of-the-Art and Opportunities and Challenges for International Marketing Research in the 21st Century......Page 8
The Special Issue: Origin, Structure and Contents......Page 11
Part I: Export Behavior, Development Process, and Performance......Page 13
Part II: Strategic Internationalization Process in Different Sectoral Settings......Page 15
Part III: Environmental Influences and Emerging Markets for International Marketers......Page 16
Part IV: Business Internationalization and Information Technologies......Page 17
References......Page 19
Different Types of Exporting SMEs: Similarities and Differences in Export Performance......Page 21
Introduction......Page 22
Types of Exporting SMEs: Traditional Exporters vs. Born Internationals......Page 24
The Measurement of Export Performance......Page 27
The Relationships between the Firm, Management, and Export Strategy and the Export Performance......Page 29
Firm Characteristics and Basic Strategy-Related Variables......Page 30
Management Characteristics Related Variables......Page 35
International commitment......Page 36
Export Strategy-Related Variables......Page 37
Price adaptation......Page 38
Communication adaptation......Page 39
Market diversification......Page 40
Sample, Methodology, and Operationalizations of the Measures......Page 41
Export Performance along Different Measures......Page 43
Results in the Total Sample......Page 45
Classification 1: Truly Traditional Exporters vs. Born Internationals......Page 48
Classification 2: Traditional Exporters vs. Truly Born Internationals......Page 50
Summary and Conclusions......Page 53
Acknowledgments......Page 58
References......Page 59
Appendix A. Operationalizations of Dependent and Independent Variables......Page 63
Appendix B. Descriptive Sample Information......Page 65
Appendix C. Correlation Matrix......Page 66
Introduction......Page 67
Small Firms and Niche Strategy......Page 68
Niche Strategy and Small Firms’ Internationalisation......Page 72
The Dimensions of the Export Performance: Intensity, Precocity, Speed, and Scope......Page 74
Research Design and Methodology......Page 76
Research Findings......Page 79
Case Number 16......Page 85
Conclusions......Page 87
References......Page 88
Factors Affecting the Timing of the Export Development Process in Spanish Manufacturing Firms......Page 92
Introduction......Page 93
Factors Affecting the Speed of the Export Development Process......Page 94
Method of Analysis......Page 98
Results......Page 101
Contribution and Limitations......Page 103
Conclusions......Page 104
References......Page 105
The Role of Market and Learning Orientations in Relationship Quality: Evidence from Vietnamese Exporters and their Foreign Importers......Page 109
Introduction......Page 110
Relationship Quality......Page 111
Market and Learning Orientations......Page 114
Relationship Quality and Export Performance......Page 116
The Sample......Page 117
Measurements......Page 118
Measurement Validation......Page 119
Multigroup Analysis......Page 122
Discussion, Implications, and Conclusions......Page 124
References......Page 127
Appendix: CFA Factor Loadings of Items (Standardized)......Page 131
The Internationalisation Models......Page 136
The Internationalisation of Biotech SMEs......Page 141
Bio-Entrepreneurship: An International Perspective......Page 143
Research Methodology......Page 145
The Profile of Respondent Firms......Page 148
The Level of Internationalisation......Page 149
Main Reasons of Internationalisation......Page 150
Concluding Remarks......Page 151
References......Page 152
Mode of Entry in Service Firms: Strategic Variables and Characteristics of Services Influencing the Internationalization Process......Page 157
Conventional Theories......Page 159
A Framework for Service Firms......Page 161
Type of International Strategy......Page 164
Defensive vs. Offensive Strategic Motives of Entry......Page 165
Exploitation vs. Exploration Strategic Motives of Entry......Page 166
Capital Intensity and Country Risk......Page 167
Degree of Customization and Cultural Distance......Page 168
Sample......Page 169
Dependent Variable Measure......Page 171
Strategic Motives......Page 172
Specific Characteristics of the Service......Page 174
Control Variables......Page 175
Results......Page 176
Discussion......Page 181
Limitations and Further Research Areas......Page 184
References......Page 186
Introduction......Page 191
Firm Characteristics......Page 193
Matching......Page 196
Market Orientation......Page 197
Research methodology......Page 199
Firm Characteristics......Page 200
Generating Information......Page 201
Host Market Performance......Page 202
Matching......Page 203
Market Orientation......Page 204
Host Market Performance......Page 205
Discussion......Page 206
Market Orientation......Page 207
Conclusion......Page 209
References......Page 210
Extending and Comparing Cavusgil’s Overall Market Opportunity Indexes......Page 214
Introduction......Page 215
Literature Review......Page 216
Dimensions of Market Attractiveness and Opportunity......Page 221
Economic Intensity......Page 222
Commercial Infrastructure......Page 223
Market Accessibility......Page 224
Model Validity......Page 225
Quantitative Analysis......Page 226
A Comparative Analysis: Study Two......Page 230
Validity......Page 231
Discussion......Page 235
Limitations......Page 239
Future Research......Page 240
Conclusion......Page 241
References......Page 242
City-of-Origin Effects in the German Beer Market: Transferring an International Construct to a Local Context......Page 245
Introduction......Page 246
Approaches to Country of Origin......Page 249
Qualitative Studies......Page 253
Development of a Conceptual Model......Page 256
Methodology......Page 257
Results......Page 259
Discussion and Conclusion......Page 262
References......Page 264
Appendix: Operational Measures of Study Constructs......Page 267
How do Business Groups Function and Evolve in Emerging Markets? The Case of Turkish Business Groups......Page 269
Introduction......Page 270
Relevant Theory and Propositions......Page 271
The Evolution of Business Groups in Turkey......Page 279
Holding Company Business Groups (HCBGs)......Page 280
Emergent Business Groups (EBGs)......Page 282
Encouraged Networks (ENs)......Page 283
Regional Networks (RNs)......Page 284
Conclusions and Future Research Questions......Page 285
References......Page 286
Small Manufacturing Firms’ Involvement in International E-Business Activities......Page 289
Introduction......Page 290
Manufacturing Firms’ International Expansion......Page 291
E-Business and Internationalization......Page 293
Hypotheses......Page 298
Methodology......Page 300
Findings......Page 302
Conclusion......Page 306
References......Page 307
Introduction......Page 310
Arguments for Globalization......Page 311
Staged Internationalization Arguments......Page 312
The Internet as a Driver of Globalization......Page 313
Constraints to Globalization of Internet Firms......Page 314
Methodology......Page 315
The Global Companies......Page 317
Juniper......Page 321
Macromedia......Page 325
Siebel Systems......Page 326
BEA Systems......Page 327
Verity......Page 328
Mercury Interactive......Page 329
The Globalization versus Regionalization Debate......Page 330
The Staged Internationalization versus Born Global Debate......Page 331
Winner Takes All......Page 332
Conclusions......Page 333
References......Page 334
Introduction......Page 337
Brief Literature Review......Page 338
The Buying Center......Page 339
Team Buying......Page 340
Internet......Page 341
Internationalization and Global Sourcing......Page 343
Exploratory Case Study......Page 345
Shaped by the Subject Firm......Page 346
Internet Impact on Interactions with Suppliers......Page 347
Internationalization and the Impact of Global Sourcing......Page 350
Learning about the Buying Center......Page 351
Limitations in Researching the Buying Center......Page 353
Suggestions for Future Research......Page 354
Acknowledgements......Page 355
References......Page 356
Internet-Based Knowledge Internalization and Firm Internationalization in Transition Markets......Page 359
Introduction......Page 360
IBK-Internalization......Page 362
Internet Information Relevance......Page 363
IBK-Internalization and Firm Internationalization......Page 364
Rival Model......Page 366
IBK-Internalization......Page 367
Learning Orientation......Page 368
The Sample......Page 369
Measurement Models......Page 370
Structural Models......Page 373
Discussion and Implications......Page 374
Limitations and Directions for Future Research......Page 376
References......Page 377
Appendix: CFA Factor Loadings of Items (Standardized)......Page 381
How Advanced are Websites of SME Exporters? An Investigation into Drivers and Inhibitors......Page 385
Introduction......Page 386
Website Sophistication......Page 388
Adoption Models......Page 392
Interview Phase......Page 393
Factors Impacting on a Website’s Perceived Relative Advantage......Page 394
Company Resources......Page 397
Data Collection......Page 400
Scale Development and Validation......Page 401
Model Estimation......Page 402
Discussion and Conclusion......Page 405
References......Page 408
Appendix A. Measurements......Page 412
Appendix B. Correlation Matrix......Page 416