Interactive TV Standards : A Guide to MHP, OCAP, and JavaTV

Introduction......Page 20
1 The Middleware Market......Page 27
Why Do We Need Open Standards?......Page 28
Standards in DTV......Page 29
Correcting the Fragmented ITV Market......Page 30
What Are DVB and CableLabs?......Page 32
DVB-MHP: The Multimedia Home Platform......Page 33
CableLabs......Page 34
A History Lesson: The Background of MHP and OCAP......Page 35
The MHP Family Tree......Page 37
JavaTV: A Common Standard for DTV......Page 39
Harmonization: Globally Executable MHP......Page 40
The Difficult Part of Standardization......Page 41
Intellectual Property and Royalties......Page 42
Where Do We Go from Here?......Page 43
Open Versus Proprietary Middleware......Page 44
The Consumer Perspective......Page 46
Understanding DTV Services......Page 48
Producing DTV Content......Page 50
Transport Streams......Page 51
Carrying Transport Streams in the Network......Page 53
Energy Dispersal......Page 54
Error Correction......Page 55
Modulation......Page 57
Cable, Satellite, and Terrestrial Broadcasting......Page 58
Broadcasting Issues and Business Opportunities......Page 60
Subscriber Management and Scrambling......Page 61
Access Issues......Page 62
The Return Channel: Technical and Commercial Considerations......Page 64
MHP and OCAP Are Not Java......Page 67
Working in the Broadcast World......Page 68
The Anatomy of an MHP/OCAP Receiver......Page 69
Differences in OCAP......Page 73
A New Navigator: The Monitor Application......Page 74
Modules in the Execution Engine......Page 75
Choosing a Java VM......Page 79
Sun’s JVM or a Clean-room Implementation?......Page 81
The Impact of the Java Community Process......Page 83
Portability......Page 84
Performance Issues......Page 85
4 Applications and Application Management......Page 87
An Introduction to Xlets......Page 89
Xlet Basics......Page 90
Xlet Contexts......Page 91
Writing Your First Xlet......Page 94
Dos and Don’ts for Application Developers......Page 99
Application Signaling......Page 100
Extending the AIT......Page 107
Registering Unbound Applications......Page 110
Making Applications Coexist Reliably......Page 112
Pitfalls for Middleware Developers......Page 113
5 The JavaTV Service Model......Page 115
What Happens During Service Selection?......Page 120
Abstract Services......Page 121
Managing Abstract Services in OCAP......Page 122
Registering Applications......Page 123
Selecting Abstract Services......Page 124
6 Resource Management Issues......Page 125
Introducing the Resource Notification API......Page 126
Using the Resource Notification API......Page 132
Handling Resource Contention......Page 133
Resource Management in OCAP......Page 135
Resource Contention Before Version I12......Page 136
Resource Contention in Later Versions......Page 138
An Example of a Possible Resource Contention Solution......Page 140
Resource Management Strategies in OCAP......Page 141
Merging OCAP and MHP Resource Management......Page 143
7 Graphics APIs......Page 144
The Display Model in a DTV Receiver......Page 147
HScreens and HScreenDevices......Page 148
Configuring Screen Devices......Page 150
Screen Devices and Resource Management......Page 156
A Practical Example of Device Configuration......Page 157
HScenes and HSceneTemplates......Page 159
Creating an HScene......Page 161
Developing Applications Using HScenes......Page 163
The HAVi Widget Set......Page 165
Changing the Look of Your Application......Page 168
HLooks in Practice......Page 170
The Behavior of Components in MHP and OCAP......Page 172
Interacting with Components......Page 177
Coordinate Schemes......Page 178
Integrating Graphics and Video......Page 180
Transparency......Page 181
Mattes and Alpha Compositing......Page 183
Text Presentation......Page 189
Using Fonts......Page 193
Handling User Input......Page 195
Keyboard Events and Input Focus......Page 199
Exclusive Access to Keyboard Events......Page 201
Practical Issues for DTV Graphics......Page 203
8 Basic MPEG Concepts in MHP and OCAP......Page 205
Content Referencing in the MHP and OCAP APIs......Page 206
Locators for DVB Streaming Content......Page 208
Locators for Streaming Content in OCAP Systems......Page 209
Locators for Files......Page 212
Locator Classes......Page 214
Creating a Locator......Page 216
Network-bound Locators......Page 217
SI and Other System Components......Page 218
Why Do We Need Two SI APIs?......Page 219
Caching Strategies......Page 220
In-band Versus Out-of-band SI......Page 222
The SI Database......Page 223
Making an SI Request......Page 225
Getting the Results of a Query......Page 226
An Example of Retrieving SI Data......Page 229
Monitoring SI......Page 232
Low-level Access to SI Data......Page 235
Using the JavaTV SI API......Page 237
Basic Concepts......Page 238
Handling the Results from an SI Query......Page 239
The Core SI API......Page 240
Access to Transport Information......Page 242
Access to Information About Services......Page 244
Access to Information About Events......Page 246
Monitoring SI......Page 248
The OCAP SI Extensions......Page 249
System Integration......Page 251
Caching SI......Page 252
Building the API Implementations......Page 253
Handling Event Handlers......Page 256
Performance Issues......Page 259
10 Section Filtering......Page 261
Hardware Versus Software Section Filters......Page 262
Using Section Filters......Page 263
The Section-filtering API......Page 265
Section Filters......Page 266
Types of Section Filters......Page 267
Section Filter Groups......Page 270
Section Filter Events......Page 273
An Example......Page 275
The Middleware Perspective: Event Dispatching......Page 278
Managing Section Filters in Your Application......Page 279
Managing Section Filters in the Middleware......Page 281
11 Media Control......Page 283
Basic JMF Concepts......Page 284
The Player Creation Process......Page 287
A Closer Look at Data Sources......Page 290
JMF Players......Page 293
The Player State Machine......Page 294
Player Events......Page 296
Time Bases, Clocks, and Media Time......Page 298
Controls......Page 300
javax.tv.media.AWTVideoSizeControl......Page 302
org.dvb.media.VideoFormatControl......Page 306
org.ocap.media.ClosedCaptioningControl......Page 307
Using Players to Control Players......Page 309
A DTV Special Case: The Video Drip Content Format......Page 311
JMF in the Broadcast World......Page 312
Getting a Player for the Current Service......Page 313
Players and Service Selection......Page 314
Integrating Video with AWT......Page 315
Subtitles, Closed Captions, and JMF Players......Page 316
Managing Resources in JMF......Page 317
Restrictions on Another Resource: Tuning......Page 318
Playing Audio from Sources Other Than Files......Page 319
DSM-CC Background......Page 321
Isn’t There Better Documentation?......Page 322
Object Carousels......Page 323
An Example Object Carousel......Page 324
Normal Play Time......Page 326
Stream Events......Page 327
The Relationship Between Normal Play Time and Stream Events......Page 329
Data Carousels......Page 330
Object Carousels......Page 331
Multiprotocol Encapsulation......Page 332
DSM-CC and SI......Page 336
DSM-CC Descriptors......Page 337
Data Carousel Messages......Page 339
Object Carousel Messages......Page 342
Referring to Streams and Objects......Page 348
Transporting Object Carousels in Data Carousels......Page 354
Parsing DSM-CC Messages......Page 355
Manipulating DSM-CC Objects......Page 356
Mounting an Object Carousel......Page 359
An Example......Page 360
Updating Objects......Page 362
Synchronization: Stream Events and NPT......Page 363
Latency and Caching Strategies......Page 366
Latency Issues and Application Design......Page 368
Application Management and File System Issues......Page 369
System Integration Issues......Page 370
13 Security in MHP and OCAP......Page 372
The MHP and OCAP Security Model......Page 373
Permission Request Files......Page 374
Signed and Unsigned Applications......Page 379
Hash Files......Page 381
Signature Files......Page 382
Certificates......Page 383
An Example of the Signing Process......Page 384
Distributing Certificate Revocation Lists......Page 385
Differences Between MHP and OCAP......Page 386
14 Communicating with Other Xlets......Page 388
Class Loader Physics in MHP......Page 389
Problems with RMI......Page 392
RMI Extensions......Page 393
An Example of Inter-Xlet Communication......Page 395
Calling Remote Methods......Page 398
Arguments and Return Values......Page 399
Managing Stub Classes......Page 401
15 Building Applications with HTML......Page 402
Application Boundaries......Page 403
The Core Standards of DVB-HTML......Page 404
CSS Support......Page 405
Scripting Support......Page 406
Dynamic HTML......Page 407
Navigating Around a DVB-HTML Application......Page 408
Special URLs......Page 409
Displaying an HTML Application......Page 410
Transparent Elements......Page 412
Embedding Video in Your Application......Page 414
DVB-HTML Application Signaling......Page 415
Events and HTML Applications......Page 416
Stream Events and DOM Events......Page 417
System Events......Page 419
Coexistence of HTML and Java Applications......Page 420
Accessing Java APIs from ECMAScript......Page 421
Real-world HTML Support......Page 423
The Future of DVB-HTML......Page 425
The Internet Access Profile......Page 427
The Philosophy of the Internet Client API......Page 428
General Operations on Internet Clients......Page 429
E-mail Clients......Page 430
Web Browsers......Page 431
A Practical Example......Page 433
Inner Applications......Page 436
Creating an Inner Application......Page 437
Drawing an Inner Application......Page 439
The Life Cycle of Inner Applications......Page 440
Stored Applications......Page 441
Plug-ins......Page 443
Plug-ins and Application Signaling......Page 444
Building a Plug-in......Page 445
The Smart Card API......Page 448
Querying the Smart Card Reader......Page 449
Using Card Services......Page 452
A Practical Example......Page 453
Implementing a Card Service......Page 455
MHP 1.1 in the Real World......Page 457
Using the Return Channel......Page 459
Return Channel Interfaces......Page 460
Getting Access to a Return Channel Interface......Page 461
Connection-based Return Channels......Page 462
Using a Return Channel......Page 465
Advanced Application Management......Page 467
Getting Information About an Application......Page 469
Controlling Applications......Page 472
Managing Applications in an OCAP Receiver......Page 475
Tuning to a Different Transport Stream......Page 476
Network Interfaces......Page 477
Tuning to a New Transport Stream......Page 479
Tuning Events......Page 481
Resource Management in the Tuning API......Page 482
An Example of Tuning......Page 483
Tuning and Other Components......Page 485
18 Building a Common Middleware Platform......Page 488
GEM and Other Standards......Page 489
Replacement Mechanisms......Page 490
What GEM Means for Middleware Implementers......Page 492
Porting to a New Hardware Platform......Page 494
Customizing Our Middleware......Page 496
Developing Other Middleware Solutions......Page 497
Techniques for Improving Reusability......Page 498
Designing Reusable Components......Page 499
Reusability Outside GEM......Page 502
An Example: The SI Component......Page 504
Limits to Reusability......Page 505
19 Deploying MHP and OCAP......Page 507
From Vertical Markets to Horizontal Markets......Page 508
The Fight for Eyeballs: Cable, Satellite, and Terrestrial......Page 510
A Mandatory Middleware Platform?......Page 511
Switching Off Analog......Page 512
The Good News......Page 514
The Bad News......Page 523
Other Types of Services......Page 527
Conditional Access and Horizontal Markets......Page 528
“MHP Lite” and Low-end Solutions......Page 529
Interoperability......Page 530
MHP Interoperability Events and Plug-fests......Page 531
Conformance Testing......Page 533
The MHP Conformance Testing Process......Page 534
Testing MHP: A Case Study......Page 535
Compliance and Quality......Page 536
Head-end Requirements......Page 538
Remultiplexing Issues......Page 539
Using Object Carousels......Page 540
OTA Download and Engineering Channels......Page 541
Convergence with the Internet: Fact or Fiction?......Page 543
The Organization of SI......Page 545
Descriptors......Page 546
Transmitting an SI Table......Page 547
Program-specific Information......Page 548
Conditional Access Information......Page 549
Finding Information About the Network......Page 550
Bouquets......Page 552
Describing Services in DVB......Page 554
Describing Events......Page 557
Telling the Time......Page 559
Putting It All Together......Page 562
Optimizing Bandwidth Usage: The Transport Stream Description Table......Page 565
Appendix B ATSC Service Information......Page 566
The Virtual Channel Table......Page 568
Describing Individual Channels......Page 570
Event Information......Page 572
Extended Text Descriptions......Page 575
Extended Text Messages......Page 577
Parental Ratings......Page 578
Advanced Functions: Redirecting Channels......Page 581
Putting It All Together......Page 584
PSIP Profiles in Cable Systems......Page 585
Broadcasting PSIP Data......Page 588
Index......Page 591