Intelligent Systems for Rehabilitation Engineering

Cover
Half-Title Page
Series Page
Title Page
Copyright Page
Contents
Preface
1 Different Spheres of Rehabilitation Robotics: A Brief Survey Over the Past Three Decades
	1.1 Introduction
	1.2 An Overview of Robotics for Medical Applications
		1.2.1 Neurological and Cognitive
		1.2.2 Stroke Patients
		1.2.3 Biomechanical or Mechatronic Robotic Systems
		1.2.4 Human–Machine Interfacing
		1.2.5 Smart Robotics
		1.2.6 Control and Stability Analysis of Robotic Systems
		1.2.7 Assistive Robotic Systems
		1.2.8 Limb Injury
		1.2.9 Motion Detection
	1.3 Discussions and Future Scope of Work
	1.4 Conclusion
	References
2 Neurorehabilitation RobotsReview: Towards a Mechanized Process for Upper Limb
	2.1 Introduction
	2.2 Recovery and the Robotics
		2.2.1 Automated Technological Tools Used in Rehabilitation
		2.2.2 Benefits of the RTTs
	2.3 New Directions to Explore and Open Problems:Aims of the Editorial
		2.3.1 New Directions of Research and Development and First Aim of the Editorial
		2.3.2 Open Problems and Second Aim of the Editorial
	2.4 Overview
	2.5 Renewal Process
		2.5.1 Renovation Team
		2.5.2 Renewal Methods and Results
	2.6 Neurological Rehabilitation
		2.6.1 Evaluation
		2.6.2 Treatment Planning
		2.6.3 Mediation
		2.6.4 Assessment
	2.7 State-of-the-Art Healthcare Equipment
		2.7.1 Neuro Renewal of Upper Limb
		2.7.2 Advanced Equipment for Neuro Revival of the Upper Limb
	2.8 Towards Autonomous Restoration Processes?
		2.8.1 Default Renewal Cycle
	2.9 Conclusion
	References
3 Competent and Affordable Rehabilitation Robots for Nervous System Disorders Powered with Dynamic CNN and HMM
	3.1 Introduction
	3.2 Related Works
		3.2.1 Rehabilitation Robot for Lower Limbs
		3.2.2 Rehabilitation Using Hip Bot
		3.2.3 Rehabilitation Wrist Robot Using MRI Compatibility
		3.2.4 Rehabilitation Robot for Gait Training
	3.3 Solutions and Methods for the Rehabilitation Process
		3.3.1 Gait Analysis
		3.3.2 Methods Based on Deep Learning
		3.3.3 Use of Convolutional Neural Networks
	3.4 Proposed System
		3.4.1 Detection of Motion and Rehabilitation Mechanism
		3.4.2 Data Collection Using Wearable Sensors
		3.4.3 Raspberry Pi
		3.4.4 Pre-Processing of the Data
	3.5 Analysis of the Data
		3.5.1 Feature Extraction
		3.5.2 Machine Learning Approach
		3.5.3 Remote Rehabilitation Mode
	3.6 Results and Discussion
	3.7 Conclusion
	References
4 Smart Sensors for Activity Recognition
	4.1 Introduction
	4.2 Wearable Biosensors for Activity Recognition
	4.3 Smartphones for Activity Recognition
		4.3.1 Early Analysis Activity Recognition
		4.3.2 Similar Approaches Activity Recognition
		4.3.3 Multi-Sensor Approaches Activity Recognition
		4.3.4 Fitness Systems in Activity Recognition
		4.3.5 Human–Computer Interaction Processes in Activity Recognition
		4.3.6 Healthcare Monitoring in Activity Recognition
	4.4 Machine Learning Techniques
		4.4.1 Decision Trees Algorithms for Activity Reorganization
		4.4.2 Adaptive Boost Algorithms for Activity Reorganization
		4.4.3 Random Forest Algorithms for Activity Reorganization
		4.4.4 Support Vector Machine (SVM) Algorithms for Activity Reorganization
	4.5 Other Applications
	4.6 Limitations
		4.6.1 Policy Implications and Recommendations
	4.7 Discussion
	4.8 Conclusion
	References
5 Use of Assistive Techniques for the Visually Impaired People
	5.1 Introduction
	5.2 Rehabilitation Procedure
	5.3 Development of Applications for Visually Impaired
	5.4 Academic Research and Development for Assisting Visually Impaired
	5.5 Conclusion
	References
6 IoT-Assisted Smart Device for Blind People
	6.1 Introduction
		6.1.1 A Convolutional Neural Network
		6.1.2 CNN’s Operation
		6.1.3 Recurrent Neural Network
		6.1.4 Text-to-Speech Conversion
		6.1.5 Long Short-Term Memory Network
	6.2 Literature Survey
	6.3 Smart Stick for Blind People
		6.3.1 Hardware Requirements
	6.4 System Development Requirements
		6.4.1 Captioning of Images
		6.4.2 YOLO (You Only Look Once) Model
	6.5 Features of the Proposed Smart Stick
	6.6 Code
	6.7 Results
	6.8 Conclusion
	References
7 Accessibility in Disability: Revolutionizing Mobile Technology
	7.1 Introduction
	7.2 Existing Accessibility Features for Mobile App and Devices
		7.2.1 Basic Accessibility Features and Services for Visually Impaired
		7.2.2 Basic Accessibility Features and Services for Deaf
		7.2.3 Basic Accessibility Features and Services for Cognitive Disabilities
		7.2.4 Basic Accessibility Features and Services for Physically Disabled
	7.3 Services Offered by Wireless Service Provider
		7.3.1 Digital Libraries for Visual
		7.3.2 GPS
		7.3.3 Relay Services
		7.3.4 Living With Independent
		7.3.5 Emergency Phone Services
		7.3.6 Customer Service
	7.4 Mobile Apps for People With Disabilities
	7.5 Technology Giants Providing Services
		7.5.1 Japan: NTT DoCoMo
	7.6 Challenges and Opportunities for Technology Giants to Provide Product & Service
		7.6.1 Higher Illiteracy Rate
		7.6.2 Reach out to Customers With Disabilities
		7.6.3 Higher Cost of Mobile Phones With Accessibility Features
		7.6.4 Increasing Percentage of Disability
		7.6.5 Unavailability of Assistive Technology in Regional Languages
		7.6.6 Lack of Knowledge Concerning Assistive Solutions
	7.7 Good Practices for Spreading Awareness
	7.8 Conclusion
	References
8 Smart Solar Power–Assisted Wheelchairs For the Handicapped
	8.1 Introduction
	8.2 Power Source
		8.2.1 Solar-Powered Wheelchair
		8.2.2 Solar Energy Module
	8.3 Smart EMG-Based Wheelchair Control System
		8.3.1 Techniques of EMG Signal Collection
		8.3.2 Pre-Possessing and Segmentation of EMG Signal
		8.3.3 Feature Extraction and Pattern Classification
	8.4 Smart Navigation Assistance
	8.5 Internet of Things (IoT)–Enabled Monitoring
	8.6 Future Advancements in Smart Wheelchairs
	References
9 Hand-Talk Assistance: An Applicationfor Hearing and Speech Impaired People
	9.1 Introduction
		9.1.1 Sign Language
		9.1.2 Recognition of Hand Gesture
		9.1.3 Different Techniques for Sign Language Detection
	9.2 Related Work
	9.3 History and Motivation
	9.4 Types of Sensors
		9.4.1 Flex Sensor
	9.5 Working of Glove
		9.5.1 Hand Gloves
		9.5.2 Implementation Details at Server Side
	9.6 Architecture
	9.7 Advantages and Applications
	References
10 The Effective Practice of AssistiveTechnology to Boom Total Communication Among ChildrenWith Hearing Impairment inInclusive Classroom Settings
	10.1 Introduction
	10.2 Students With Hearing Impairment
	10.3 The Classifications on Hearing Impairment
		10.3.1 Conductive Hearing Losses
		10.3.2 Sensorineural Hearing Losses
		10.3.3 Central Hearing Losses
		10.3.4 Mixed Hearing Losses
	10.4 Inclusion of Hearing-Impaired Students in Inclusive Classrooms
		10.4.1 Assistive Technology
		10.4.2 Assistive Technology for Hearing Impairments
		10.4.3 Hearing Technology
		10.4.4 Assistive Listening Devices
		10.4.5 Personal Amplification
		10.4.6 Communication Supports
	10.5 Total Communication System for HearingImpairments
	10.6 Conclusion
	References
Index
EULA